A 
HANDY  DICTIONARY 

OF 

SYNONYMS, 

WITH   WHICH  ARE   COMBINED   THE   WORDS 
OPPOSITE  IN  MEANING. 


A    COLLECTION'   OF   40,000    WORDS    IN   GENERAL    US5\ 

ARRANGED    WITH    REFERENCE    TO    THEIR 

SIMILARITY  AND    OPPOSITION. 


DESIGNED  FOR   THE  USE   OF  THOSE   WHO   WOULD    SPEAK  OR 

WRITE   THE  ENGLISH   LANGUAGE   WITH 

EXACTNESS    AND    FLUENCY. 


BY  H.  C.  FAULKNER, 

'Author  of  "A   Handy   Classical  and  Mythological  Dictionary," 
"A  Handy  Dictionary  of  Rhymes,"  Etc.,  Etc. 


A.  L.   BURT  COMPANY 
PUBLISHERS  NEW  YORK 


PREFACE. 


AH  persons,  except  the  trained  writer  or  speaker,  find 
tkemselves  often  unabk — in  speech  or  conversation — to 
convey  the  ideas  that  are  present  to  the  mind  with  exact- 
ness, or  to  indicate  with  nicety  the  subtle  shades  and  dis- 
tinctions which  accompany  the  development  of  these  ideas] 
The  vocabulary  of  most  individuals  is  extremely  limited, 
and  this  inadequacy  of  phraseology  is  productive  of  much 
misunderstanding,  annoyance,  and  embarrassment.  The 
cultivation  of  an  exact  use  of  language  is  necessary  to  the 
best  exercise  of  thought ;  a  misapplied  or  a  misunderstood- 
term  may  occasion  interminable  disputes  ;  a  misnomer  has 
changed  the  current  of  history  ;  a  verbal  sophism  has  de- 
luded public  opinion  and  been  fraught  with  appalling  conse- 
quences to  the  race. 

There  are  few,  if  any,  words  in  our  language  which  are 
absolutely  synonymous  ;  those  which  are  called  synonyms 
express  one  or  more  characteristic  ideas  in  common, 
but  almost  without  exception  they  are  divided  by  delicate 
shades  of  difference.  To  one  hesitating  in  the  expression 
of  an  idea  and  dissatisfied  with  a  word  chosen  because  it  is 
too  general  or  too  definite,  because  it  expresses  too  much 
or  too  little,  a  collection  of  words  in  general  use  divided 
into  their  synonymous  relationships  must  prove  of  great 
service  in  discovering  the  term  which  expresses  the  absolute 
shade  of  meaning  which  it  is  intended  to  convey. 

Again,  while  erery  word  in  the  language  has  one  or 


1781676 


4  PREFACE. 

several  words  thus  more  or  less  perfectly  agreeing  with  it 
in  meaning,  every  word  has  also  those  which  are  directly 
antithetic  or  opposed  to  it  in  various  of  the  characteristic 
meanings  which  pertain  to  it,  and  indeed,  by  the  suggestion 
of  an  antithetic  expression,  the  idea  is  often  formulated  with 
more  clearness  and  accuracy.  Similarity  and  opposition 
are  the  two  elements  by  which  ideas  are  classified,  and  it 
has  been  the  intention  in  this  dictionary  to  arrange  the 
words  in  most  frequent  use  in  our  language,  so  that  their 
relationship  and  opposition  shall  be  at  once  apparent. 

Reference  to  such  a  classification  of  words  in  the  search 
for  a  proper  term  must  often  suggest  by  association  ideas 
which,  presenting  the  subject  in  hand  under  a  new  light, 
will  greatly  extend  the  mental  view.  It  is  on  this  important 
ground,  in  addition  to  that  of  being  an  aid  to  the  cultivation 
of  exactness  in  thought  and  expression,  that  this  volun>« 
lays  claim  to  consideration. 

To  abridge  the  work,  in  many  cases  where  the  meanings 
of  the  words  are  almost  identical,  cross-references  have 
been  admitted;  and  for  still  further  simplification,  in  some 
instances  a  verb  or  a  noun  only  has  been  given,  and  the  in- 
flexional derivitives  omitted  as  it  has  been  thought,  for  ex- 
ample, that  a  reference  to  the  verb  "abominate"  would 
suggest,  without  mental  effort,  the  relationships  of  the 
noun  "abomination."  Sometimes  words  formed  with  the 
prefixes  in  or  un  have  been  omitted  in  Che  body  of  the  dic- 
tionary, but  they  will  be  found  discussed  under  the  anti- 
thetic term;  as,  for  example,  look  for  "inattentive"  under 
its  opposite  "attentive."  Such  abbreviation  and  condensa- 
tion has  been  necessitated  by  the  effort  to  provide  a  book 
which  should  be  of  convenient  size  for  constant  reference. 

The  art  of  expression  is  the  most  difficult  of  the  arts,  and 
proficiency  therein  is  only  acquired  by  long  and  continued 


PREFACE.  5 

practice.  If  the  present  volume  shall  give  even  a  slight 
impetus  to  attempts  at  improvement  in  the  use  of  our  beau- 
tiful language,  its  object  will  be  attained. 

H.  C.  F« 
NEW  YORK. 


ABBREVIATIONS    USED    IN    THE   FOLLOWING    PAGES 

Ant.,  indicates  the  words  of  opposite 
v.  stands  for  verb. 
n.  stands  for  noun, 
a.  stands  for  adjective. 


A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMS, 

With  which  are  Combined  the   Words  Opposite 
in  Meaning. 


Abaft,  aft,  sternward,  behind. 

Ant. — Forward,  ahead,  afore,  before. 
Abandon,  forsake,  leave,  desert,  renounce,  relinquish,  re. 

sign,  quit,  forego,  let  go,  waive,  abjure,  abdicate. 
Ant. — Retain,   hold,  maintain,  support,  uphold,  defend, 

keep,  cherish,  undertake,  assert. 

Abandoned,  dissolute,  wicked,  reprobate,  profligate,  flagi, 
tious,  corrupt,  depraved,  vicious,  bad,  sinful,  unchaste. 
Ant. — Worthy,  virtuous,  upright,  good,  chaste. 
Abase,  lower,    humble,  humiliate,  degrade,  cypress,    dis- 
grace, dishonor,  bring  down. 
Ant. — Exalt,  elevate,  honor,  raise,  promote. 
Abasement,  degredation,  fall,  degeneracy,  humiliation,  ab- 
jection, debasement  servility. 
Ant. — Exaltation,  promotion,  elevation,  dignity. 
Abash,  bewilder,  disconcert,  discompose,  confound,  co 

fuse,  shame. 

Ant. — Encourage,  cheer,  animate,  embolden,  incite. 
Abate,  lessen,  diminish,  bate»  reduce,  decrease,  remove, 

suppress,  lower,  moderate* 

Ant. — Increase,  extend,  amplify,  continue,  enlarge. 
Abbreviate,  abridge,  shorten,  condense,  contract,  curtail, 

reduce,  epitomize. 
Ant, — Lengthen,  extend,  prolong,  produce,  expand. 


8  A  DICTION AR  Y  OF  S  YNON  YMO  US 

Abbreviation,  abridgment,  contraction,  condensation,  com* 

pression. 

Ant. — Extension,  expansion,  enlargement,  amplification. 
Abdicate,  give  up,  forsake,  relinquish,  quit,  forego,  surren. 

der,  vacate. 

Ant. — Occupy,  retain,  maintain. 
Abet.     See  Am. 
Abettor,  accessory,  accomplice,  assistant,  promoter,  instU 

gator,  coadjutor,  associate,  companion,  confederate. 
4nt. — Foe,  antagonist,  opponent,   counteractor,  baffler, 

adversary. 
Abhor.    See  HATE. 
Abide,  stay,  dwell,  live  with,  tarry,  remain,   await,  wait, 

sojourn,  tolerate. 

Ant. — Depart,  migrate,  move,  proceed,  avoid,  shun. 
Abiding.     See  LASTING. 
Ability,  capacity,  capability,  talent,  faculty,  qualification, 

aptitude,  skill,  efficiency,  power,  faculty,  dexterity. 
Ant. — Inability,  incapacity,  incapability,  imbecility,  un- 
readiness, stupidity. 
Abject,  degraded   groveling,  low,    mean,    base,    ignoble, 

despicable,  vile,  servile,  contemptible,  wretched. 
Ant. — Dignified,  worthy,  noble,  independent,  honorable, 

haughty,  arrogant. 
Abjure,  recant,  recall,  revoke,  retract,  forswear,  disclaim, 

renounce,  repudiate. 

Ant. — Claim,  assert,  profess,  vindicate,  retain. 
Able,  strong,  powerful,  vigorous,  robust,  brawny,  skillful, 

competent,  efficient,  capable,  telling. 
Ant. — Inefficient,  incapable,  unable,  weak,  ineffective. 
Abnegation,  denial,  abstinence,  stint 

Ant. — Indulgence,  assertion,  license. 

Abnormal,  unnatural,  anomalous,  irregular,  eccentric,  un- 
usual. 

4nt. — Normal,  natural,  ordinary,  customary,  usual,  reg- 
ular. 
Abode,  residence,  habitation,   dwelling,   domicile,  home, 

quarters,  lodging,  (with  the  idea  of  permanence). 
Ant.     (With  the  idea  of  transience) — Halt,  perch,   tent, 

vestry,  place. 

Abolish,  revoke,  abrogate,  annul,  cancel,  annihilate,  extiw 
garish,  vitiate,  invalidate,  nullify,  destroy. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  9 

Ant. — Establish,  institute,  restore,  repair,  continue,  erect, 

sustain,  support. 
Abominable,  hateful,  detestable,   odious,  vile,   execrable, 

fou\. 

Ant. — Delectable,  desirable,  admirable,  enjoyable,  pure. 
Abominate.    See  HATE. 
•  Abortive,    fruitless,    ineffectual,   idle,     inoperative,    vain, 

futile. 

Ant. — Successful,  fruitful,  complete,  perfect. 
About,  nearly,   approximately,   generally,  concerning,  re« 
garding,  relative  to    with  regard  to,  as  to,  respecting, 
with  respect  to,  referring  to,  around, 
Ant. — Precisely,  exactly,  away,  away  from. 
Abridge.    See  ABREVIATE. 
Abridgment,  epitome,  summary,  synopsis,  compendium, 

abstract. 

Ant. — Amplification,  expansion,  expatiation,  dilation. 
Abroad,  away,  apart,  adrift. 

Ant. — At  home,  near,  close  by. 
Abrupt,  sudden,  unexpected,  sharp,  harsh,  rough,  rugged, 

steep,  craggy,  precipitous,  hasty. 

Ant. — Expected,   slow,  smooth,  easy,  undulating,  cour- 
teous, polished. 
Abscond,  decamp,  bolt,  run  off,  steal  away. 

Ant. — Appear,  emerge,  show,  stay. 
Absent,  a.  departed,  inattentive,  abstracted,  not  attending 

to,  listless,  dreamy. 

Ant. — Present,  attentive,  evident,  imminent,  existent. 
Absolute,  unconditional,  unqualified,  entire,  complete,  un- 
restricted, despotic,  arbitrary,   tyrannous,  imperative, 
anthoritative,  imperious. 
Ant. — Conditioned,    conditional,   incomplete,    imoerfect, 

relative,  dependent,  accountable,  contingent. 
Absolve,  See  ACQUIT. 
Absorb,  swallow   up,  engulf,  imbibe,    consume,    engross, 

merge,  monopolize. 

Ant. — Exude,  emit,  eject,  dispeo'  e,  dissipate. 
Abstain.  See  REFRAIN 
Abstemious.    See  TEMPERATE. 
Abstract.  See  ABRIDGMENT. 

Abstract,  v.  drav  from,  steal,  purloin,,  remove,  part,  sep* 
erate  ^- — * 


Jo         A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant.— Add,  unite,  return,  adduce,  restore. 
^^>    Abstruse,  recondite,  profound,  hidden,  occult. 

""Ant. — Easy,  clear,  plain,  obvious,  patent,  trite. 
Absurd,  preposterous,  ridiculous,  irrational,  silly   foolish, 

unreasonable,  nonsensical,  inconsistent. 
Ant. — Sagacious,  sensible,  rational  reasonable,  wise,  con- 
sistent, sound. 
Abundance,   plenty,    competency,   sufficiency,  more   than 

enough. 
Ant. — Scarcity,    paucity,  scantiness,  deficiency,    dearth, 

less  than  enough. 
Abundant,  plentiful,  plenteous,  teeming,  copious,  ample. 

Ant. — Deficient,  scarce,  insufficient,  scant,  exhausted. 
_^>  Abuse,  v.  asperse,  revile,  vilify,  calumniate,  defame,  scan- 

dalize, malign,  traduce,  disparage,  ill-use. 
Ant. — Praise,  laud',  extol,  protect,  respect,  cherish. 
__^  Abuse,  n.  invective,  scurrility,   ribaldry,   contumely,  oblo- 

quy, opprobrium,  vituperation. 
Ant. — Praise,  commendation,  eulogy,  applause. 
Accede,  consent,  assent  to,  acquiesce,  comply  with,  concur. 

Ant. — Dissent,  refuse,  decline,  withdraw,  demur. 
Accelerate,  quicken,  hasten,  hurry,  expedite,  forward,  dis« 

patch. 

Ant. — Retard,  hinder,  delay,  obstruct,  clog,  drag. 
Accept,  take,  receive,  admit,  acknowledge. 

Ant. — Refuse,  decline,  reject,  disown. 
Acceptable,  agreeable,  pleasing,    pleasurable,  gratifying, 

grateful,  welcome. 

Ant. — Unpleasant,  disagreeable,  unwelcome. 
Access,  admission,  approach,  avenue,  admittance. 

Ant. — Exclusion,  repulse,  rejection,  departure. 
Accession,  increase,  augmentation,  enlargement,  addition, 

reinforcement. 

Ant. — Decrease,  loss,  subtraction,  weakening. 
•>          Accident,  contingency,  chance,  fortuity,  casualty,  mishap, 

disorder. 

Ant. — Law,  purpose,  ordainment,  provision,  preparation. 
Acclamation,  applause,  plaudit,  exultation,  shouting,  chee. 

ing,  jubilation,  outcry. 

Ant. — Obloquy,  execration,  silence,  censur<*, 
Acclivity,  ascent,  rise,  incline. 
A— Declivity,  descent. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  if 

Accommodate,  adapt,  adjust,   fit,  suit,  serve,  supply,  fur- 
nish. 

Ant. — Inconvenience,  disoblige,  distant,  incommode. 
Accompany,  attend,  go  with,  escort,  convey. 
Ant. — Leave,  avoid,  desert,  abandon,  quit. 
Accomplice.    See  ABETTOR. 
Accomplish,  do,  effect,  finish,  execute,  achieve,  complete; 

perfect,  consummate,  perform,  attain. 
Ant. — Fail,  defeat,  frustrate,  disconcert. 
Accord,  agree,  consent,  grant,  allow,  admit,  concede. 

Ant. — Differ,  disagree,  withhold,  refuse,  deny. 
Accordant,  compatible,  harmonious,  consonant,  consistent, 

consenting,  acquiescent. 
Ant. — Different,   incompatible,   inharmonious,  inconsisU 

ent. 
Accost,  address,  speak  to,  stop,  salute,  greet,  hail. 

Ant. — Shun,  pass,  elude,  ignore,  avoid. 
Account,  narrative,    description,   narration,  relation,    de- 
tail, recital — monies,  reckoning,  bill,  charge. 
Ant. — Misrepresentation,    confusion,    distortion,   carica- 
ture. 

Accountable,  punishable,  answerable,  amenable,  respons- 
ible, liable. 

An}. — Absolute,  supreme,  irresponsible,  independent. 
Accredited,   authorized,    commissioned,    empowered,    en- 
trusted. 

Ant. — Unauthorized,  uncommissioned. 
Accumulate,  collect,  bring  together,  amass,  gather,  heapt 

increase. 

Ant. — Dissipate,  disperse,  diminish,  scatter,  waste. 
Accumulation,  collection,  store,  mass,  concentration. 

Ant. — Dissipation,  dispersion,  diminution. 
Accurate,  correct,  exact,  precise,  nice,  truthful. 

Ant. — Inaccurate,  inexact,  incorrect,  faulty,  defective. 
Accuse,  arraign,  charge,  incriminate,  tax  with. 

Ant. — Acquit,  absolve,  exonerate,  release,  vindicate,  dis- 
charge. 
Accustom,  use,  inure,  habituate,  familiarize. 

Ant. — Disaccustom,  dishabituate,  wean,  estrange. 
Acerbity,  asperity,  sharpness,   acrimony,  roughness,  acid- 

ify. 
Ant. — Sweetness,  mildness,  softness,  gentleness. 


IS          A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Achieve,  do,  accomplish,  effect,  fulfil,   execute,  gain,   win 

Ant. — Fail,  lose,  miss. 
Achievement,  feat,  exploit,  accomplishment,   attainment 

performance,  acquirement,  gain. 
An  . — Failure,  loss,  abortion. 

Acknowledge,  admit,   confess,  own,  avow,  grant,   recog- 
nize, allow,  concede,  indorse. 

Ant. — Repudiate,  disown,  disclaim,  disavow,  deny. 
Acme,  summit,  apex,  climax,  end,  culmination. 

Ant. — Base,  depth,  foot,  nadir. 
Acquaint,  inform,   tell,   enlighten,   apjgrise,   make   aware, 

make  known,  notify,  communicate. 
Ant. — Ignore,  deceive,  misguide,  mislead,  hoodwink. 
Acquaintance,   knowledge,    familiarity,    intimacy,    cogni- 
zance, fellowship,  companionship. 
Ant. — Ignorance,  unfamiliarity,  inexperience. 
Acquiesce,  assent,  agree,  accede,  consent,  coincide  with, 

concur. 

Ant. — Dissent,  demur,  object. 
Acquire,  get,  obtain,  attain,  gain,  procure,  win,  earn,  reap, 

secure. 

Ant. — Lose,  forfeit,  forego,  miss,  surrender. 
Acquirement,    acquisition,    accomplishment,    attainment, 

qualification. 

Ant. — Intuition,  inspiration,  revelation. 
Acquit,   absolve,  pardon,  forgive,  discharge,  set  free,  clear. 
Ant. — Condemn,  accuse,  charge,  constrain,  brief,  compel. 
Acrimonious,  sharp,  acrid,   stinging,  harsh,  pungent,  piq- 
uant, poignant,  sour,  acid. 

Ant. — Amiable,  smooth,  bland,  mild,  friendly,  pleasant* 
Active,  alert,  agile,  nimble,  brisk,  quick,   lively,  sprightly, 

supple,  prompt,  vigilant,  laborious,  industrious. 
Ant. — Inactive,  slow,  heavy,  clumsy,  indolent. 
Action,  deed,  achievement,  feat,   "xploit,  accomplishment, 
battle,   engagement,    agency,   instrumentality,    move- 
ment. 

Ant. — Inaction,  rest,  repose,  quiet,  cessation,  quiescence. 
Actual.    See  REAL. 
Actuate,  instigate,  move,  impel,  induce,  prompt,  persuade. 

Ant. — Dissuade,  prevent,  deter,  hinder,  discourage. 
Acute,  sharp,  shrewd,  keen,  intelligent    penetrating,  pierc- 
ing, severe. 


'AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  13 

Ant. — Dull,  blunt,  stupid,  obtuse,  heavy,  chronic. 
Adage,  maxim,  aphorism,  proverb,  apophthegm,  by-word, 

saw. 

Ant. — Discourse,  harrangue,  yarn,  inquisition. 
Adapt,  accommodate,  suit,  fit,  conform,  adjust. 

Ant. — Misfit,  misconform,  misapply. 

Addicted,  devoted,  wedded,  attached,   given   up   to,  dedi- 
cated, prone,  inclined,  disposed. 
Ant. — Unaddicted,  unaccustomed,  indisposed,  disinclined. 

free  from. 
Addition,  increase,  accession,  augmentation,  reinforcement. 

Ant. — Subtraction,  abstraction,  decrease,  decline. 
Address,  n.  tact,  skill,   ability,  dexterity,  deportment,  de- 
meanor. 

Ant. — Awkwardness,  unmannerliness. 
Address,  v.  accost,  greet,  speak  to,  approach. 

Ant. — See  ACCOST. 
*          Adherent,  follower,  partisan,  pupil,  disciple. 

Ant. — Opponent,  enemy,  antagonist,  adversary. 
Adhesion,  adherence,  attachment,  fidelity,  devotion. 

Ant. — Desertion,  opposition,  treason,  unfaithfulness. 
Adieu,  good-by,  au  revoir,  farewell,    leave-taking,  valedic- 
tion. 

Ant. — Welcome,  greeting,  recognition,  salutation. 
Adjacent,  near   to,    adjoining,   contiguous,    conterminous, 

bordering,  neighboring. 
Ant. — Remote,  distant. 
Adjourn,  postpone,  defer,  prorogue,  delay. 
Ant. — Conclude,  complete,  consummate,  dispatch,  termi- 
nate. 
Adjunct,    appendage,     appurtenance,    dependency,    help, 

auxiliary. 

Ant. — Essence,  body,  clog,  impediment,  drawback,  hind- 
rance. 

Adjust,  right,  rit,  accommodate,  adapt,  arrange,  settle,  reg- 
ulate, organize,  reconcile. 

Ant. — Dislocate,  disarrange,  derange,  disturb,  disorder. 
Administer,   award,   accord,   give,  serve,    supply,    afford, 

contribute,  dispense,  execute,  perform. 
Ant. — Withhold,   retain,   refuse,   withdraw,    divert,    mis- 
manage. 
Admire,  wonder,  approve,  appreciate,  affect. 


14  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Abhor,  abominate,  dislike,  despise,  disapprove. 
Admit,  receive,  allow,  grant,  permit,  acknowledge. 
Ant. — Exclude,  debar,  reject,  repudiate,  disavow. 
Admonition,  warning,  notice,  caution,  censure,  advice,  re- 
buke, dissuasion. 

Ant. — Encouragement,  countenance,  applause,  aid,  insti- 
gation. 
Adopt,  take,  select,  assume,  appropriate,  choose. 

Ant. — Reject,  discard,  renounce,  repudiate,  abandon. 
Adorn,  beautify,  decorate,  embellish,  ornament,  deck. 

Ant. — Mar,  spoil,  deform,  deface,  despoil. 
Adroit,  skillful,  clever,  dexterous,  expert,  apt. 

Ant. — Awkward,  clumsy,  unskillful,  inexpert,  lubberly. 
Adulation.     See  FLATTERY. 
Advance,  adduce,  assign,  allege,  bring  forward;  promote, 

progress!'"1" 

Ant. — Hinder,   retard,    withhold,    degrade,    oppose,   de- 
crease. 
Advancement,  preferment,  promotion,  progress. 

Ant. — Degradation,  hindrance,  opposition,  retrogression. 
Advantage,  benefit,  good,  profit,  avail,  utility,  service. 

Ant. — Disadvantageous,  unprofitable,  useless,  harmful. 
Advantageous,  beneficial,  profitable,  salutary. 

Ant. — Disadvantageous,  unprofitable,  useless,  harmful. 
Adventure,  incident,   occurrence,   casualty,    contingency, 

accident,  event. 

Ant. — Matter  of  fact,  matter  of  course,  routine,  rut. 
Adventurous,  bold,  daring,  enterprising,  chivalrous,  rash, 

precipitate,  foolhardy. 

Ant. — Unad  venturous,  timid,  cautious,  hesitating. 
Adversary,  opponent,   antagonist,  enemy,  foe,    rival,  op- 
poser. 

Ant. — Friend,    ally,    assistant,   accomplice,    abettor,  ac- 
cessory. 

Adverse,  opposed,  contrary,  opposite,   counteractive,   hos- 
tile, repugnant. 

Ant. — Favorable,  propitious,  fortunate,  amicable,  lucky. 
Adversity,  misfortune,  sorrow,   affliction,  unfortunate,  un- 
favorable, antagonistic,  calamity,  disaster. 
Ant. — Prosperity,  happiness,  success. 
Advert.    See  NOTICE. 
Advertise,  publish,  announce,  proclaim,  promulgate. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  15 

Ant. — Conceal,  suppress,  hush,  hoodwink. 
Advice,  warning,  counsel,  instruction,  information,  delib- 
eration, consultation,  reflection,  consideration. 
Ant. — Remonstrance,  prohibition,  dissuasion,  expostula- 
tion. 

Advise,  acquaint,  inform,   communicate,  notify,   tell,   per- 
suade, prompt,  incite. 

Ant. — Misinform,  deceive,  delude,  dissuade,  deter,  pro- 
hibit, remonstrate. 

Advocate,  counsel,  defender,  upholder. 
Ant. — Accuser,  impugner,  adversary. 
Aerial,  airy,  light,  volatile,  ethereal,  empyreal. 
Affability,  courteousness,   courtesy,   urbanity,    politeness, 

suavity. 
Ant. — Haughtiness,    contemptuousness,    gruffness,   dis. 

courtesy,  superciliousness. 
Affair,  business,  matter,  question,  subject,  concern. 

Ant. — Detail,  item,  point,  circumstance. 
Afftct,  influence,  act  upon,  feign,  pretend,  assume — like  de- 
sire. 

Ant. — Eschew,  shun,  dislike,  repudiate. 
Afft  cting.     See  PATHETIC. 

Affection,  fondness,    attachment,  kindness,   love,   tender- 
ness, endearment — condition,  state,  inclination. 
Ant. — Insensibility,  indifference,  repugnance,   repulsion. 
Affinity,  relationship,   alliance,  union,  kin,  kindred,  rela- 
tion, analogy,  sympathy. 
Ant. — Antipathy,  dissimilarity,  disconnection,  unlikeness, 

antagonism. 
Affirm,  assert,   asseverate,   declare,   aver,  swear,   protest, 

state,  maintain! 

Ant. — Deny,  contradict,  dispute,  demur,  doubt,  oppose. 
Affix.     See  ATTACH. 

Afflict,  grieve,  give  pain,  distress,  trouble,  torment,  ago- 
nize. 

Ant. — Console,  relieve,  assuage. 
Affluence.    See  WEALTH. 
Afford,  produce,  bestow,  grant,  give,  impart,  communicaxe, 

confer,  spare. 

Ant. — Withhold,  stint,  withdraw,  retain,  grudge. 
Affray,     brawl,     fray,    quarrel,    contention,     altercation, 
wrangle,  contest,  strife,  fracas. 


46          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Order,  tranquility,  pacification. 
Affright.     See  FRIGHTEN. 

Affront,  injury,  wrong,  insult,  offence,  outrage. 
Ant. — Amends,  homage,  apology,  salutation. 
Afraid,  fearful,  timid,  timorous,  faint-heated. 
Ant. — Bold,  courageous,  heroic,  fearless,  audacious,  Tea 

turesome. 
Afterward,  hereafter,  subsequently,  ultimately. 

Ant. — Previously,  hitherto,  heretofore. 
Age,  period,  time,  date,  generation,  era,  epoch,  antiquity 

senility. 

Ant. — Moment,  instant,  infancy,  youth,  childhood. 
Aged,  old,  elderly,  senile,  anile,  ancient,  antiquated. 

Ant. — Young,  youthful,  recent,  fresh,  juvenile. 
Agency,   instrumentality,    influence,   operation,   manage* 

ment. 

Ant. — Counteraction,  opposition,  neutralization,  interfer- 
ence. 

Aggrandize,  exalt,  promote,  prefer,  advance,  elevate. 
Ant. — Debase,  degrade,  disgrace,  dishonor,  depress. 
Aggravate,   tantalize,   irritate,   inflame,    provoke,    chafe, 
nettle,embitter, exasperate;,  increase,  enhance.heighten, 
make  worse,  magnify. 

Ant. — Soothe,  soften,  palliate,  attenuate,  alleviate,  miti- 
gate, diminish. 
Aggregate,  n.  total,  entire,  complete,  the  whole. 

Ant. — Unit,  part,  element,  ingredient. 
Aggregate,  v.  heap  up,  amass,  accumulate,  get  together. 

Ant. — Separate,  dissipate,  disperse,  divide,  segregate. 
Aggression,  encroachment,    assault,   attack,    offence,    in 

vasion. 

Ant. —  Resistance,  repulsion,  retreat,  withdrawal. 
Aggrieve.     See  TROUBLE. 
Agile,  lively,  sprightly,  nimble,  brisk,  quick,  supple,  alert, 

wide-awake. 

Ant. — Slow,  heavy,  awkward,  ponderous,  inert. 
Agitate,  convulse,  disturb,  stir,  move,  shake,  oscillate,  up- 
heave. 

Ant. — Calm,  soothe,  allay,  compose,  smooth,  pacify. 
Agonize,  distress,  rack,  torture,  writhe,  excruciate,  pain 

Ant. — Soothe,  relieve,  ease,  compose,  comfort. 
Agony,  anguish,  pain,  distress,  sufferim?,  woe,  torture. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  vr 

Ant. — Peace,  enjoyment,  comfort,  composure,  relief. 
Agree,  consent,  assent,  accede,  acquiesce,  comply,  coin. 

cide,  tally. 

Ant. — Disagree,  differ,  dissent,  demur,  decline. 
Agreeable,  gratifying,  pleasant,  pleasing,  amiable,  pleasur. 

able,  welcome,  acceptable,  suitable,  jocular,  smiling. 
Ant. — Disagreeable,   offensive,    unpleasant,    obnoxious, 

unwelcome. 

Agreement,  concurrence,  coincidence,  concord,  compact, 
contract,  bargain,  covenant,  stipulation,  accordance, 
harmony,  unison. 

Ant. — disagreement,  discord,  promise,  parole. 
Aid,  help,  assist,  co-operate,  relieve,  succor,  further,  for- 
ward, contribute,  conduce,  tend,  facilitate,  abet. 
Ant. — Oppose,  retard,  resist,  deter,  baffle,  withstand. 
Ailing,  unwell,  sickly,  diseased,  ill. 

Ant. — Well,  healthy,  sound,  strong. 
Aim.     See  PURPOSE. 
Alacrity,  readiness,  willingness,  agility,  quickness,  activity 

promptitude. 

Ant. — Slowness,  repugnance,  reluctance,  unwillingness. 
Alarm,  terror,  fright,  affright,  dismay,  consternation,  dis- 
quietude. 

Ant. — Security,  quiet,  confidence,  peace. 
Alert.     See  AGILE. 

Alienate,  estrange,  withdraw  from,  transfer,  assign,  con- 
vey. 

Ant. — Conciliate,  retain,  endear,  secure. 
Allay.     See  SOOTHE. 
Allege,  affirm,  declare,  maintain,  adduce,  advance,  assign. 

Ant. — Contradict,  deny.  disprove|"refute,  gainsay. 
Allegory,  parable,  metaphor,  fable. 

Ant. — Fact,  history. 
Alleviate,  assuage,  mitigate,  soothe,  solace,  relieve,  abate, 

diminish,  extenuate,  soften. 
Ant. — Aggravate,  increase,  augment,  embitter. 
Alliance,  affinity,  union,  connection,  relation,  confederacy. 

combination,  coalition,  league,  confederation. 
Ant. — Antagonism,  enmity,   divorce,   discord,   hostilityt 

separation,  disruption. 

Allot,  apportion,  appropriate,    appoint,    distribute,  assign. 
Ant. — Withhold,  retain,  unappropnate,  refuse. 


fi8          A  DICTIONARY  OF    SYNONYMOUS 

Allow,  let,  permit,  admit,  concede,  yield,  grant,  give,  tol- 
erate, suffer,  sanction,  authorize. 
Ant. — Disallow,  refuse,   resist,   object,    deny,   withhold, 

protest. 

Allude,  refer,  hint,  insinuate,  imply,  intimate,  suggest. 
Ant. — State,  demonstrate,  declare,  mention,  specify. 
Allure,  entice,  attract,  decoy,  tempt,  seduce. 

Ant. — Warn,  scare,  alarm,  deter. 
Alteration,   change,  variation,  transition,   changeableness, 

mutability. 
Ant. — Fixity,  permanence,  stability,  conservation,  change- 

lessness,  identity. 
Altercation.     See  QUARREL. 
Altitude,  height,  elevation,  tallness,  loftiness. 

Ant. — Depth,  lowness,  depression,  shortness,  declination. 
Altogether,  wholly,  totally,  entirely,  perfectly,  completely, , 

utterly. 

Ant. — Partly,  partially,  separately,   individually,  imper- 
fectly. 

Always.     See  EVER 

Amalgamate,  join,   compound,   mix,  fuse,  unite,  consoli- 
date. 

Ant. — Separate,  decompose,  disintegrate,  disunite. 
Amass.     See  ACCUMULATE. 
Amazing,  astonishing,  wondrous,   surprising,    marvelous, 

stupendous,  astounding. 
Ant. — Commonplace,  trivial,   usual,   ordinary,    familiar, 

customary. 

Ambiguous,  equivocal,  uncertain,  vague,    dubious,    enig- 
matical. 
Ant. — Plain,  clear,  obvious,  unmistakable,  indisputable, 

unequivocal,  unambiguous. 
Ameliorate,  improve,  amend,  better. 

Ant. — Injure,  spoil,  mar,  debase,  deteriorate. 
Amenable,  responsible,  accountable,  answerable  for,  liable, 

subject,  dependent. 

Ant,— Unamenable,    independent,     irresponsible,    auto- 
cratic. 

Amend.    See  AMELIORATE. 

Amends,  compensation,  recompense,  restoration,    repara- 
tion, atonement,  restitution. 
Ant. — Offense,  injury,  fault,  insult. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  19 

Amiable,  loving,  pleasing,  engaging,  good,  kind. 

Ant. — Hateful,   abominable,   churlish,  disagreeable,   ill. 

natured. 

Amicable.    See  FRIENDLY. 
Ample,  complete,  full,  wide,  spacious,  capacious,  extensive, 

liberal,  expansive,  diffusive. 

Ant. — Scanty,  insufficient,  mean,  narrow,  stingy. 
Amplification,  enlargement,  exegesis*  expansion,  develop- 
ment. 

Ant. — Abbreviation,     curtailment,     epitome,      retrench- 
ment. 

Amusement.    See  RECREATION. 
Analogy,  similarity,  affinity,  purity,  resemblance. 

Ant. — Dissimilarity,    inaffinity,    inequality,     incongruity, 

disproportion. 
Ancient.    See  AGED. 
Anger,  v.  vex,  exasperate,  enrage,  inflame,  irritate,  kindle, 

provoke,  imbitter,  incense. 
Ant. — Please,  amuse,  gratify,  sooth,  pacify. 
Anger,  n  wrath,    passion,     rage,   fury,    indignation,    ire, 
choler,  bile,  exasperation,  irritation,  resentment,  pique. 
Ant. — Peace,  peacefulness,  peaceableness,  appeasement, 
forbearance,  good  will,  conciliativeness,  good  temper. 
Angry,  passionate,  irascible,  choleric,  hasty,  sullen,  moody, 
incensed,  irritated,  enraged,  provoked,  nettled,  piqued, 
exasperated,  wrathful. 

Ant. — Peaceful,    calm,    good   tempered     forgiving,    for- 
bearing. 

Anguish.     See  AGONY. 
Aniiiiate,  cheer,    enliven,    inspire,   encourage,   embolden, 

inspirit,  instigate,  urge. 

Ant. — Dishearten,  deter,  depress,  discourage. 
Animation,    life,    vivacity,    spirit,    buoyancy,    elasticity, 

activity,  alacrity. 

Ant. — Deadness,  dullness,  inertness,  spiritlessness. 
Animosity,     enmity,    malignity,     hostility,     antagonism, 

hatred,  antipathy,  aversion. 
Ant. — Concord,     alliance,     friendship,     companionship, 

unanimity,  harmony,  regard. 
Annals,     chronicles,  records,  registers,  historical  accounts. 

Ant. — Traditions,  legends,  romance. 
Annex.     See  ATTACH. 


30  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Annihilate,  destroy,  annul,  extinguish,  nullify,  obliterate, 

efface. 

Ant. — Perpetuate,  keep,  preserve,  conserve,  foster,  pro- 
tect. 

Announce,  declare,  make  known,  publish,  advertise,  pro- 
claim, report,  notify,  give  out. 

Ant. — Conceal,  hush,  suppress,  withhold,  stifle,  bury. 
Annoy,  vex,   tease,  chafe,   molest,   incommode,   inconven- 
ience. 

Ant. — Accommodate,  please,  quiet,  gratify,  regard. 
Annul,  revoke,  abolish,  abrogate,  repeal,  cancel,  destroy, 

extinguish,  quash,  nullify. 

Ant. — Exact,  establish,  institute,  confirm,  maintain. 
Anomalous,  irregular,  abnormal,  eccentric. 
>    Ant. — Regular,  ordinary,  normal. 
Antagonism.    See  ANIMONSITY. 
Antagonist.     See  ADVERSARY. 
Antagonistic.     See  ADVERSE. 

Anterior,  prior,  preceding,   antecedent,   previous,  forego- 
ing, former. 

Ant. — Posterior,  later,  subsequent,  succeeding. 
Anticipate,  forestall,  foretaste,   prejudge,  prearrange,  ob- 
viate. 

Ant. — Misapprehend,  recall,  undo. 

Antipathy,  dislike,  aversion,  repugnance,  contrarie*",  op 
position,  hatred,  antagonism,  hostility,  feeling  against. 
Ant. — Affinity,  amity,  sympathy,  attraction,  fellow-feel- 
ing, harmony. 
Antithesis,  contrast,  opposition. 

Ant. — Equivalent,  alike,  synonymous,  equal. 
Anxiety,  care,  solicitude,  attention,  eagerness,  trouble. 
Ant.— -Contentment,  confidence,  peace,  apathy,  noncha- 
lance, contentedness. 
Apathy.   See  INDIFFERENCE. 
Aphorism,  adage,  maxim,  saying. 

Ant. — Lecture,  exhortation,  speech,  disquisition. 
Apocryphal,  uncertain,  unauthentic,  legendary,  doubtfm, 

spurious. 

Ant. — Authentic,  genuine,  verified,  attested,  undisputed. 
Appal.     See  DISMAY. 
Apparent,  easily  seen,  visible,  palpable,  clear,  plain,  trans* 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  *i 

parent,  unmistakable,  unambiguous,  evident,  manifest 
distinct,  self-evident. 

Ant. — Inapparent,     uncertain,     dubious,    unobservable, 
unseen,     undistinguishable,    mistakable,     ambiguous, 
apocryphal,  indistinct. 
Appeal,  refer,  invoke,  invocate,  call  upon. 

Ant. — Deprecate,  protest,  disavow,  disclaim. 
Appearance,  air,  look,  aspect,  manner,  mien — advent,  ap- 
parition. 

Ant. — Disappearance,  non-appearance,  concealment. 
Appease.     See  SOOTHE. 
Appellation,  name,  denomination,  cognomen,  title,    desig. 

nation. 

Ant. — Anonymousness,  namelessness. 
Applaud,  praise,  extol,  commend,  approve. 

Ant. — Disapprove,  denounce,  decry,  execrate. 
Applause.     See  ACCLAMATION. 
Appoint,  assign,   allot,    ordain,  depute,   order,   prescribe, 

constitute,  settle,  determine. 

Ant. — Recall,  cancel,  suspend,  withdraw,  withhold. 
Apportion.     See  ALLOT. 
Apposite.     See  SUITABLE. 
Appreciate,  value,  reckon,  prize,  esteem. 

Ant. — Undervalue,  misjudge,  ignore,  misappreciate. 
Apprehend,  think,   feel,   conceive,    imaginej  take,    arrest, 

seize,  fancy,  anticipate,  fear,  dread,  understand. 
Ant. — Misapprehend,  misconceive,  lose,  miss,  ignore. 
Approbation,  approval,  concurrence,  assent,  consent. 
Ant. — Disapprobation,  disapproval,  censure,  dissatisfao 

tion,  refusal,  denial,  disclaimer. 
Appropriate,  v.     See  ASSUME. 
Appropriate,  a.  peculiar,  particular,  exclusive,  apt. 

Ant. — Inappropriate,  unsuitable. 
Approval.     See  APPROBATION. 
Arbitrary,  despotic,    imperious,    domineering,  tyrannous, 

tyrannical. 

Ant. — Limited,  considerate,  lenient,  modest,  mild 
Arbitrator,  arbiter,  judge,  umpire,  referee. 

Ant. — Appellant,  claimant,  litigant,  disputant. 
Ardent,  eager,  fervid,  hot,  fiery,  glowing,  passionate. 
Ant. — Cool,    cold,    indifferent,    apathetic,     passionless, 
phlegmatic. 


22 

Argue,  discuss,  dispute,  debate. 

I     Ant. — Dictate,  assent,  command,  propound. 

i  Arouse,  stir  up,  awaken,  vivify,  excite,  stimulate. 

Ant. — Allay,  compose,  quiet,  assuage,  pacify,  deaden. 
Arrange,  put  in  order,  place,  assort,  classify,  regulate,  dis« 

pose,  adjust. 
Ant. — Derange,    disarrange,    confuse,    disturb,    jumble, 

disorder. 

.    Arrant,  notorious,  flagrant,  heinous,   flagitious,  atrocious, 
*~"*~monstrous. 

Ant. — Slight,  moderate,  small. 
Array,  n.  rank,  order,  disposal,  disposition,  arrangement. 

Ant. — Confusion,  disorder,  rout. 
Array,  v.  range,  place,  draw  up,  marshal,  dress,  deck  out. 

Ant. — Disarray,  derange,  displace. 
Arrest,   stop,  apprehend,  withhold,    keep   back,  restrain, 

seize. 

Ant. — Liberate,  free,  discharge,  dismiss. 
Arrogance,  assumption,  haughtiness,  pride,  loftiness. 
Ant. — Humility,    modesty,    servility,   bashfulness,    diffi- 
dence, politeness. 
Art,  skill,  tact,  aptitude,   adroitness,  expertness,  cunning, 

subtlety, 

Ant. — Inexpertness,  unskillfulness. 
Artifice,  trick,  stratagem,  machination,   deception,   cheat, 

imposture,  delusion. 

Ant. — Openness,  simplicity,  fairness,  candor,  honesty. 
Ascend,  climb,  mount,  rise,  soar,  tower,  scale. 
'j  Ant. — Descend,  fall,  sink. 

Ascendency,  superiority,  /hfluence,  authority,  sway,  mas- 
tery. 

Ant. — Subjection,  inferiority,   disadvantage,    subordina- 
tion. 

Ascent.    See  ACCLIVITY. 
Ask,  request,  entreat,  solicit,  beg,  claim,  demand,  invite, 

question. 

Ant. — Command,  order,  insist,  dictate,  exact. 
Aspect,  light,  view,  appearance,   complexion,  feature,  air, 

look,  mien,  countenance. 
Ant. — Back,  obverse,  rear. 

>    Asperity,  acrimony,  acerbity,  harshness,  smartness,  pun- 
gency, poignancy,  tartness,  roughness. 


AND  AVTITHE-iIC    WORDS.  2$ 

Ant. — Mildness,   softness,  sweetness,   gentleness,   pleas- 
antness. 
~>   Asperse,  accuse   falsely,  malign,  slander,  traduce,  defame, 

scandalize,  disparage,  depreciate,  vilify! 
Ant. — Eulogize,  laud,  extol,  praise,  defend,  uphold. 
Assault,  v.  assail,  attack,  invade,  encounter,  storm. 

Ant. — Defend,  protect,  repulse,  retaliate. 
Assemble,  congregate,  collect,  gather,  muster,  bring  to. 

gether. 

Ant. — Disperse,  disrupt,  adjourn,  depart. 
Assembly,  assemblage,   collection,  group,  company,  mus, 
ter,  congregation,  convention,  congress,  diet,  council, 
convocation,  conclave,   synod,  meeting,  auditory,  au- 
dience. 

Ant. — Dispersion,  disunion,  adjournment,  individual. 
Assent,  v  consent,  accede,  acquiesce,  comply,  concur. 

Ant. — Dissent,  disagree,  differ,  disclaim,  protest. 
Assert.     See  AFFIRM. 
Assign,  adduce,  allege,  advance,  bring  forward,   appoint, 

allot,  appropriate,  apportion. 
)       Ant. — Refuse,  withold,  withdraw,  retain. 
Assist.     See  AID.    ^"* 
Assistant,  auxiliary,  helping,  conducive,  furthering,  instru, 

mental. 

Ant. — Opponent,  enemy,  foe,  antagonist,  rival,   obstruc- 
tionist, hinderer. 

Associate,   colleague,   ally,  partner,   coadjutor,    comrade, 

companion,  consort. 
Ant. — Rival,  foe,  alien. 

Association,  company,  society,  confederacy,  union,  part- 
nership,  fellowship,  companionship,  connection,  alli- 
ance. 

Ant. — Disunion,  separation,  independence,   solitude,  in- 
dividuality. 

Assuage,  compose,  calm,  pacify,  allay,  soothe,  conciliate, 
appease,  tranquilize,  mitigate,  alleviate,  palliate,  moU 
lify. 

Ant. — Excite,  aggravate,  increase,  provoke,  inflame,  in- 
cite, stimulate. 

Assume,  pretend  to,  arrogate,  usurp,  appropriate,  affect, 
wear,  suppose. 


24  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Abandon,  concede,  render,  surrender,  grant,  allow, 
doff,  prove,  demonstrate. 

Assurance,  confidence,  certainty,    consciousness,   convic- 
tion, effrontery,  impudence. 

Ant. — Bashfulness,  reserve,  unobtrusiveness,  decency, 
Astonishing.     See  AMAZING. 
Athletic,    stalwart,   powerful,  brawny,   muscular,  robust, 

able-bodied. 

Ant. — Weak,  sickly,  puny,  slight,  unmuscular. 
v       Atrocious,  flagitious,  heinous,  enormous,  flagra.u,  villain* 

ous,  monstrous,  inhuman,  nefarious. 
Ant. — Laudable,  honorable,  noble,  admirable. 
Attach,  affix,  append,  annex,  adjoin,  connect,  stick,  con* 

ciliate,  attract,  win. 
Ant. — Detach,    unattach,    unfasten,    untie,    disconnect, 

alienate,  repel,  estrange. 
Attachment. — See  ATTACH. 
Attack,  v.  assail,  assault,  impugn. 
Ant. — Defend,  resist,  repulse,  aid,  jrepel,  shield,  shelter, 

support. 

Attempt,  effort,   exertion,   endeavor,  essay,   trial,  experi- 
ment. 

Ant. — Neglect,  laziness,  inaction,  abandonment. 
Attend,    go   with,    accompany,   escort,    wait    on,    listen, 

hearken,  heed. 

Ant. — Leave,  forsake,  abandon,  wander,  disregard. 
Attentive,  careful,  intent,  wistful,  vigilant,  studious,  con? 

siderate. 

Ant, — Inattention,   indifferent,    careless,    abstracted,  ab- 
sent, distracted,  remiss. 
Attest,  testify,  witness,  prove,  vouch,  confirm,  establish, 

evidence. 
•>         Ant. — Contradict,  refute,  disprove,  oppugn,  deny. 

Attire,  n.  dress,  apparel,  garments,  cfotEes,  habiliments, 

robes,  vestmert,  costume. 

Ant. — Nudity,  bareness,  dishabille,  disarray,  exposure. 
Attitude,  posture,  position,  pose,  attitude. 
Ant. — Movement,  gesture,  gesticulation,  exercise,  deport- 
ment, bearing,  action. 

Attract,  draw  to,  allure,  entice,  charm,  wheedle. 
, — Repel,  repulse,  deter,  estrange,  alienate. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS  25 

Attractive,  winning,  charming,   captivating,   fascinating; 

bewitching,  enchanting,  agreeable. 
Ant. — Unattractive,  uninteresting,  repulsive,  unpleasant, 

disagreeable,  forbidding. 

Attribute,  quality,  property,  mark,  characteristic,   accom- 
plishment, attainment. 
Ant. — Essence,  nature,  substance. 
Audacious.     See  BOLD. 

Augment,  increase,  enlarge,   extend,   stretch   out,   spread 
\       out. 

1   Ant. — Reduce,  diminish,  deduct,  reserve,  impoverish. 
August,  majestic,  noble,   dignified,    stately,   gorgeous,  ex- 

alted. 

Ant. — Mean,  common,  vulgar,  despicable,  paltry,  undig- 
nified. 
Auspicious,  fortunate,   favorable,    propitious,    prosperous, 

lucky,  happy. 
Ant. — Inconspicuous,    unpropitious,  unlucky,  unhappy, 

discouraging,  hopeless. 

Austere,  rigid,  severe,  rigorous,  stern,  harsh,  hard,  strict. 
Ant. — Indulgent,  genial,    easy,  luxurious,   mild,  tender, 

kindly. 
Authoritative,  powerful,  conclusive,  potent,  commanding, 

swaying,  imperative,  imperious. 

Ant. — Weak,  inconclusive,  vague,   indeterminate,  indefi- 
nite. 

Authorized,  accredited,  empowered,  commissioned. 
Ant. — Unauthorized,     uncommissioned,     unempowered, 

self-appointed,  self-assumed. 
Authority,  weight,  force,  power,  domination,    supremacy, 

ground,  justification.  ' 
Ant. — Spuriousness,      weakness,      usurpation,      wrong, 

groundlessness. 
Auxiliary,   assistant,    helping,    conducive,   furthering,  in- 

strumental. 

Ant. — Hindrance,  opposing,  retarding,  obstructive,  cum- 
bersome. 
Avail,  advantage,  profit,  use,  benefit,  service,  utility. 

Ant. — Disadvantage,  loss,  injury. 

Available,  profitable,  advantageous, useful,  beneficial. 
Ant. — Unavailable,   useless,   inoperative,   unprocurable, 
iaconducive,  irrelevant. 


26  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

'   Avarice,    covetousness,    cupidity,    greediness,   greed,    r* 

jpacity. 
Ant. — Generosity,  liberality,    profuscness,  extravagance. 

unselfishness,  waste. 
Aversion.     See  ANTIPATHY 
Avocation,    business,    occupation,    employment,     calling, 

office,  engagement,  function,  profession,  trade. 
Ant. — Idleness,  leisure,  holiday. 
Avow.     See  DECLARE. 
Awaken,  arouse,  excited,  stir  up,  vivify, 

Ant. — Stupify,  soothe,  quiet,  pacify,  compose. 
Award,  adjudge,  adjudicate,  judge,  determine,  allot,  accord, 

Ant. — Retain,  withhold,  refuse,  misapportion. 
Aware,  sensible,  conscious,  cognizant. 

Ant. — Unaware,  ignorant,  uninformed,  unconscious. 
Awkward,  clumsy,  unpolished,  rough,  untoward. 
Ant. — Graceful,  elegant,  neat,  polished,  dexterous,  skill* 

ful,  adroit,  handy. 

Awry,  crooked,  wry,  bent,  curved,  oblique. 
Ant.'— Straight,  right,  true,  direct. 

B. 

Bad,  evil,  wicked,  unsound,  unwholesome,  baneful,  dele- 
!>  terious.  pernicious,  noisome,  noxious,  sinful. 

Ant. — Good,  wholesome,  sound,  virtuous,  suitable,  repu- 
table, honorable. 
Baffle,  defeat,  discomfort,  bewilder,  frustrate,  foil,  balk. 

Ant. — Aid,  help,  assist,  encourage,  promote. 
Balance,  weigh,  poise,  neutralize,  counteract,  equalize,  ao° 

just. 

Ant. — Overbalance,  upset,  tilt. 
Balk.    See  BAFFLE. 
Balmy,  fragrant,  sweet-scented,  odoriferous,  odorous,  per- 

fumed. 

Ant. — Harsh,  rough, mal-odorous,  nasty, unpleasant,  soUTf 
Baneful.     See  BAD. 
Banquet,  feast,  fete,  entertainment,  festival. 

Ant. — Fast,  abstinence,  starvation. 
Banter,  mockery,  derision,  raillery,  irony,  teasing. 
Ant,— Argument,  discussion,  discourse.  •/ 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  2? 

Barbarous,  savage,  brutal,  cruel,  inhuman,  ruthless,  mer, 

ciless,  remorseless,  unrelenting,  uncivilized,  rude. 
Ant. — Polite,  civilized,  refined,  humane. 
Bargain,    agreement,    convention,   compact,    stipulation, 

covenant,  contract,  transaction. 
Ant. — Loss,  failure,  cheat. 

Base,  bad,   low,  mean,   sordid,  groveling,  ignoble,   igno- 
minious, dishonorable,  vile,  counterfeit,  deep. 
Ant. — Lofty,    exalted,    refined,   pure,    noble,    esteemed, 

honored,  shrill. 
Battle,    combat,    engagement,   action,    conflict,    contest, 

fight. 

Ant. — Peace,  truce,  council,   armistice,   mediation,  arbi- 
trament. 

Bear,  hold  sustain,  support,  endure,  carry,  maintain, 
convey,  transport,  waft,  suffer,  tolerate,  undergo,  put 
up  with. 

Ant. — Drop,  eject,  reject,  decline,  resign,  refuse. 
Bearing,  manner,  deportment,  demeanor,  behavior,  con- 
duct. 

Ant. — Attitude,  pose,  gesture,  appearance. 
Beastly,  brutal,  brutish,  sensual. 

An'. —  Human,  refined,  gentle,  lofty,  pure. 
Beat,  strike,   knock,  hit,   belabor,  thump,  dash,  vanquish, 

overpower,  conquer,  defeat. 

Ant. — Caress,  pat,  stroke,  defend,  shield,  fail,  surrender. 
Beautiful,  elegant,  beauteous,  handsome,  fair,  pretty. 
•    Ant. — Ugly,    homely,    foul,    hideous,    disagreeable,   de- 
formed, unattractive. 
Beautify.     See  ADORN. 
Becoming,  befitting,  comely,  decent,  fit,  proper,  suitable. 

Ant. — Unbecoming,  unseemly,  indecent,  ungrateful. 
Beg,  ask,  beseech,  implore,  entreat,  crave,  solicit,  suppli- 
cate. 

Ant. — Demand,  extort,  exact,  require. 
Beginning,   commencement,   outset,    opening,    inception, 

start,  origin. 
Ant. — End,   close,   termination,  conclusion,  completion, 

consummation. 
Beguile.     See  DECEIVE. 
Behavior.    See  CONDUCT. 
behold,  see,  look,  discern,  view,  descry,  observe. 


28  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Ignore,  disregard,  overlook,  miss. 
Belief,  faith,  credence,  credit,  trust,  confidence,  reliance, 

conviction,  persuasion,  avowal. 
Ant. — Unbelief,  disbelief,  distrust,  denial,  heresy. 
Below,  beneath,  under,  underneath,  lower,  inferior,  sub. 

ordinate. 

Ant. — Above,  over,  aloft,  top,  overhead,  superior. 
Bend,  lean,  incline,  distort,  stoop,  descend,  condescend, 

yield,  submit. 

Ant. — Stiffen,  break,  advance,  resist. 
Benediction,  blessing,  commendation,  approvaL 
Ant. — Malediction  .  curse,  disapproval,  censure,  execra- 
tion. 
Benefaction,  gift,  donation,  alms,  charity. 

Ant. — Confiscation,  deprivation,  reservation. 
Beneficent,  benevolent,  bountiful,  bounteous,  munificent, 

liberal,  generous. 

Ant. — Cruel,  hard,  oppressive,  griping,  stern,  grinding. 
Benefit,  advantage,  good,  profit,  service,  ability, avail,  use. 

Ant. — Injury,  loss,  evil,  disadvantage,  detriment. 
Benevolence,  beneficence,  benignity,  kindness,  generosity. 
Ant. — Maleficence,  unkindness,  cruelty,  harshness,  churl- 
ishness. 

Bent,  tendency,  bias,  inclination,  disposition,  preposses- 
sion, propensity,  predilection,  proneness. 
Ant. — Disinclination,  indisposition,  aversion. 
Bereave,  deprive,  strip,  dispossess,  disarm,  divest. 
Ant. — Replenish,    benefit,     enrich,    give,     compensate, 

satisfy. 

Beseech.    See  SUPPLICATE. 
Beset,  surround,  encompass,  embarrass,  hem,  beleaguer. 

Ant. — Liberate,  abandon,  free. 
Betimes,  early,  soon,  shortly,  ere  long. 

Ant. — Late,  slowly,  sluggishly,  behindhand. 
Betoken,   forebode,  bode,   portend,  augur,   presage,  prog* 

nostication,  signify,  foreshadow. 
Ant. — Belie,  hide,  mask,  mislead,  misxidicate. 
Betray.    See  DECEIVE. 
Better.    See  AMEND. 
Bewail.    See  LAMENT 
Bewilder.    See  PERPLEX. 
Bewitch.    See  CAPTIVATE, 


ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  29 

Bias.    See  BENT. 

Bicker,  wrangle,  dispute,  dissent,  strife,  contend,  jar. 

Ant. — Agree,  converse,  chat. 
Bid,  offer,  proffer,  tender,  propose,  call,  invite,  summon. 

Ant. — Forbid,  deter,  prohibit,  restrain. 
Bide,  wait,  stay,  remain,  tarry,  endure,  await. 

Ant. — Quit,  depart,  move,  migrate,  resist,  adjourn. 
Bigoted,  illiberal,  prejudiced,   narrow,  limited,  intolerant. 

Ant. — Liberal,  tolerant,  unprejudiced,  broad. 
Bind,  tie,  restrain,  restrict,  connect,  link,  engage,  oblige. 
Ant. — Unbind,   untie,   loose,  loosen,   unfasten,  liberate, 

free,  acquit. 
Binding,   astringent,  costive,  valid,  obligatory,  stringent, 

constraining. 

Ant. — Loosening,  purgative,  freeing. 

Bitter,  harsh,  pungent,  poignant,  stinging,  sharp,  tart,  in- 
tense. 

Ant. — Sweet,  mellow,  pleasant,  affable,  kindly. 
Black,  dark,  murky,  pitchy,  inky,  Cimmerian. 

Aut. — White,  light,  radiant,  shining,  glorious. 
Blacken,  defame,  calumniate,  slander,  scandalize,  asperse. 

Ant. — Whiten,  eulogize,  vindicate,  clear. 
Blamable.     See  BLAME 

Blame,    reprove,    reprehend,    censure,    condemn,    repro- 
bate, reproach,  chide. 

Ant. — Praise,  approve,  exonerate,  exculpate. 
Blameless,  inculpable,  guiltless,  sinless,  innocent,  immac- 
ulate, unsullied,  unblemished,  spotless,  pure. 
Ant. — Guilty,    blameworthy,  faulty,    answerable,    crimi- 
nated, culpable. 

Bland,    soft,  gentle,  mild,  kind,  gracious,  benign,    benig- 
nant. 

Ant. — Harsh,  Abrupt,  rough,  disagreeable,  unpleasant. 
Blank,    confused,     confounded,     dumfounded,     abashed, 

nonplussed,  disconcerted,  empty,  unfilled. 
Ant. — Filled,  modified,  qualified,  mitigated. 
Blast,  blight,  wither,  shrivel,  destroy. 

Ant. — Nurture,  cherish,  save,  shield,  protect. 
Blatant,  noisy,  clamorous,  braying,  bellowing,  vociferous. 

Ant. — Soft,  noiseless,  quiefr,  reserved,  refined. 
Blemish,  v.  stain,  blur,  sully,   spot,   obscure,  dim,  ruin, 
spoil,  mar. 


30  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Improve,  clarify,  cleanse,  renovate,  renew,  purify. 
Blemish,  n-  *&&,  spot,  blur,  defect,  speck,   imperfection, 

fault. 

Ant. — Intav_iness,  purity,  unsulliedness. 
Blend,  mix,  amalgamate,   mingle,   commingle,  compound, 

fuse. 

Ant. — Divide,  dissociate,  separate,  disintegrate. 
Blessedness,  bliss,  happiness,  felicity,  beatitude. 

Ant. — Wretchedness,  unhappiness,  sorrowfulness. 
Blind,  sightless,  eyeless,  unseeing,  ignorant,  prejudiced. 

Ant. — Clear-sighted,  keen,  far-sighted,  aware,  consious. 
Bliss,  ecstacy,  felicity,  blessedness,  blissfulness. 

Ant. — Woe,  misery,  suffering,  wretchedness. 
Blithe,   gay,  blithesome,  cheerful,  merry,  sprightly,  viva* 

cious. 
Ant. — Heavy,  dull,  dejected,  sullen,  cheerless,  gloomy, 

sorrowful. 
Blockhead,  dunce,  dolt,  dullard,  numskull,  jolthead,  log. 

gerhead,  ignoramus. 

Ant. — Sage,  adept,  savant,  philosopher,  master. 
Bloodshed,  carnage,  slaughter,  butchery,  massacre. 

Ant. — Peace,  amity,  festival. 
Bloom,  blossom,  bud,  sprout,  germinate,  shoot  forth. 

Ant. — Decay,  blight,  blast,  wither. 
Blot,  speck,  flaw,  stain,  blur,  blemish,  defect. 
Ant. — Perfection,  blamelessness,  clearness. 
Bluff,  blustering,  burly,  swaggering,  hectoring,  bullying. 
Ant. — Courteous,  polished,  graceful,  reserved,  elegant. 
Blunder,    mistake,   error,    delusion,   hallucination,    fault, 

oversight. 
Ant. — Correctness,     accuracy,     exactness,    truthfulness, 

foresight,  correction. 

Blunt,  pointless,  obtuse,  edgeless,  unpolite,  rough,  rude. 
Ant. — Sharp,  keen,  pointed,  acute,  polished,  courteous, 

refined. 

Blustering.     See  SWAGGERING. 
Boast,  glory,  triumph,  vaunt,  brag. 

Ant. — Deprecate,  cringe,  whine,  whimper,  to  be  modest. 
Bodily,  corporal,  corporeal,  material,  physical,  wholly,  col< 

lectively,  unitedly. 

Ant.— Spiritually,    ghostly,   partially,    piecemeal,    frag, 
mentarily. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  31 

Boisterous,  violent,  furious,  impassioned,  impetuous,  ve- 
hement, stormy,  turbulent. 
Ant. — Peaceful,  calm,  serene,  self-possessed. 
Bold,   fearless,  undaunted,   dauntless,  brave,  daring,    ad 
venturous,    intrepid,    audacious,    impudent,    contuma- 
cious. 

Ant. — Timid,  fearful,  shy,   inadventurous,  bashful  retir- 
ing. 

Bondage,    slavery,    thraldom,   vassalage    servitude,    serf- 
dom, captivity,  imprisonment,  confinement. 
Ant. — Freedom,  liberty,  independence,  liberation,  manu- 
mission. 
Booty,  plunder,  loot,  pillage. 

Ant. — Restitution,  confiscation,  forfeiture,  penalty. 
Border,  edge,  brim,  rim,  verge,  brink,  margin,  confine. 

Ant. — Center,  interior,  space,  substance. 
Bound,  v.    limit,  circumscribe,  confine,   restrict,   restrain^ 
terminate.  ' 

Ant. — Open,  free,  unconfine. 
Boundless,  unbounded,  infinite,  unlimited,  interminable. 

Ant. — Bounded,  limited,  finite. 
Bounty,  munificence,  liberality,   generosity,  benevolence, 

beneficence,  charity,  benignity,  humanity. 
Ant. — Illiberality,     closeness,     miserliness,     stinginess, 

churlishness. 
Brag.     See  BOAST. 
Brand,  mark,  stigmatize,  denounce. 
Ant. — Honor,  decorate,  eulogize. 

Brave,  courageous,   gallant,  chivalrous,   daring,  adventur- 
ous, valorous,  heroic,  valiant,  bold,  dauntless,  intrepid, 
magnanimous,  fearless. 
Ant. — Cowardly,  fearful,  timorous,  weak-kneed,  traitor. 

ous,  ungallant,  timid,  weak<  craven. 
Brawny.     See  ATHLETIC. 

Break,   fracture,    shatter,   burst,   rend,    rack,   violate,  in- 
fringe, transgress,  demolish,  destroy. 
Ant. — Join,  conjoin,  heal,  repair,  readjust,  renovate. 
Breed,  beget,  engender,  generate,  hatch,  brood,  incubate, 

produce. 

Ant. — Extirpate,  destroy,  eradicate,  stifle. 
Brevity,  shortness,  conciseness,  succinctues*. 


32          A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Prolixity,  diffusiveness,  protraction,  length,  elon- 
gation. 
Brief,  short,  concise,  compendious,  succinct,  summary. 

Ant. — Long,  prolix,  interminable,  protracted. 
Bright,  clear,  lucid,  transparent,  limpid,  lustrous,  translu- 
cent, shining,  brilliant,   luminous,  radiant,  gleaming, 
clever,  witty. 
Ant. — Dull,  dim,  cheerless,  dead,  murky,  muddy,  opaque, 

sullen,  dejected,  imbecile,  foolish,  stupid. 
Brisk,    active,     agile,    nimble,    lively,    quick,    sprightly 

prompt,  alert,  assiduous,  vigorous,  vigilant. 
Ant. — Slow,   sluggish,    indolent,  dully,  heavy,  inactive^ 

stagnant. 

Brittle,  fragile,  frangible,  frail. 
Ant. — Elastic,  tough,  strong. 
Broad,  wide,  large,   ample,   expanded,   extensive,  liberal. 

indelicate,  coarse,  generic. 
Ant. — Narrow,   restricted,   limited,    confinedv    illiberal, 

bigoted,  refined,  delicate,  specific,  pointed. 
Broil.    See  AFFRAY. 
Brook,  suffer,  bear,  endure,  submit  to. 
Ant. — Resist,  resent,  reject,  combat. 
Bruise,  break,  crush,  squeeze,  pulverize,  triturate. 

Ant. — heal,  soothe,  comfort,  repair,  renovate,  tftrengfhen, 
Brutality.     See  BRUTAL. 
Brutal,  cruel,  inhuman,  merciless,  ferocious,   remorseless, 

ruthless,  barbarous,  savage,  irrational,  sensual. 
Ant.—'Huma.a.e,  civilized,  tender,  kind,  gentle,  polished, 

generous. 
Bud,  sprout,  germinate,  blosson  ,  shoot  forth. 

Ant. — Seed,  flower,  wither,  die. 
Build,  erect,  raise,  construct,  found. 
Ant. — Overthrow,  undermine,   lower,   tear  down,   raze, 

destroy. 

Bulk,  size,  dimension,  magnitude,  greatness,  bulkiness  big- 
ness, largeness,  massiveness. 

Ant. — Portion,  particle,  atom,  smallness,  diminution. 
Bullying.     See  SWAGGERING. 
Buoyancy,  floatableness,  lightness,   elasticity,    animation 

spirit,  vivacity. 

Ant. — Heaviness,    sinkableness,    depression,    dejection 
moodines*. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  33 

Burden,?'  .  load,  encumber,  embarrass,  oppress,  afflict. 

Ant. — Unburden,  ease,  alleviate,  assuage,  lighten,   liber* 

ate,  console,  mitigate. 

Burning,   glowing,    ardent,    fervid,    impassioned,  fervent, 
fiery,  hot,  blazing. 

Ant. — Cool,  extinguishing,  smoldering,  latent,  sluggish. 
Burst,  break,  crack,  split,  rend. 

Ant. — Cohere,  hold,  stand,  join,  repair. 
Bury,  inter,  inhume,  entomb,  immure. 

Ant. — Disinter,  exhume,  excavate,  expose,  aggravate. 
Buy,  purchase,  gain,  get,  obtain,  bribe. 

Ant. — Sell,  vend,  hawk,  dispose  of. 
By  and  by,  anon,  shortly,  ere  long,  soon. 

Ant, — Now,  immediately,  at  once. 

c. 

Cabal,  combination,  intrigue,  faction,  conspiracy,  plot. 
Ant. — Legislation,  council,  parliament,  government. 
Cajole,  coax,  wheedle,  flatter,  fawn,  lure. 

Ant. — Scold,  warn,  chide,  blame,  antagonize,  displease. 
Calamitous,    disastrous,    unfortunate,    unlucky,    hapless, 

fatal,  luckless,  ill-fated,  ill-starred. 
Ant. — Felicitous,   fortunate,   auspicious,    propitious,  ad* 

vantageous. 
Calculate,  compute,  estimate,  count,  consider,  reckon,  sup* 

pose. 

ntA. — Miscalculate,  risk,  chance,  guess,  conjecture. 
Called,  termed,  designated,  denominated,  ycleped,  named. 

Ant. — Miscalled,  misnamed,  unnamed. 
Calling.     See  EMPLOYMENT. 
Callous,  hard,  obdurate,  impenitent,  unfeeling,  insensible, 

insensitive,  unsusceptible. 
Ant. — Sensitive,  susceptible,  soft,  tender. 
Calm.  v.     See  SOOTHE. 

Calm,  a.  quiet,  undisturbed,  serene,  placid,  composed,  col. 
lected,  imperturbable,  tranquil,  pacific,  unruffled,  still. 
Ant. — Disturbance,  noise,  riot,  agitation,  excitement. 
Calumniate,  vilify,  revile,  accuse  falsely,  asperse,  malign, 

traduce,  slander,  defame,  scandalize,  disparage. 
Ant, — Eulogize,  vindicate,  clear. 


34  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Calumny,  slander,  false  accusation,  aspersion,  defamation. 

Ant. — Eulogy,  panegyric,  vindication,  clearance. 
Cancel,   blot  out,  obliterate,    expunge,   efface,   wipe  out, 
rub  out,  erase,  quash,  abolish,  annul,  repeal,  abrogate, 
revoke,  destroy,  invalidate,  nullify. 

Ant. — Enact,  enforce,   re-enact,  perpetuate,   confirm,  ar- 
rest, insert. 
Candid,  fair,  honest,  open,   artless,   ingenuous,  frank,  sin. 

cere,  plain. 

Ant. — Unfair,   unjust,   disingenuous,   insincere,  mysteri- 
ous. 

Canvass,  discuss,   contest,   controvert,  sift,  examine,  dis- 
pute, solicit,  apply  for. 
Ant. — Ignore,  disregard,  admit,  pass. 

Capable,  able,   qualified,   competent,  efficient,   fitted,   sus- 
ceptible, clever,  skillful. 
Ant. — Incapable,   dull,   unqualified,    inefficient,    unfitted, 

stupid,  awkward. 
Capacious,  roomy,  ample,  spacious,  extensive. 

Ant. — Limited,  shallow,  restricted,  narrow,  petty. 
Capacity,  capability,  skill,  ability,  faculty,  power,  talent, 

efficiency,  caliber,  size. 

Ant. — Incapacity,  inability,  stupidity,  insufficiency,  nar- 
rowness, contractedness. 
Caprice,  freak,  whim,  humor,  crotchet,  fancy. 

Ant. — Plan,   reason,   determination,   decision,    delibera- 
tion. 
Captious,  touchy,  testy,  cross,   petulant,  peevish,  fretful, 

carping,  censorious. 

Ant. — Approving,  appreciative,  encouraging,  commend- 
atory. 
Captivate,  charm,  enchant,  fascinate,  enrapture,  bewitch, 

entrance,  enchain,  enamor,  confine,  imprison. 
Ant. — Liberate,    free,    unconfine,    release,    disenchant. 
Captivity,  imprisonment,  confinement,  bondage,   slavery, 

thraldom,  servitude,  serfdom. 
Ant. — Freedom,  emancipation,  liberty. 
Capture,  catch,  seize,  graso,  arrest,  apprehend. 

Ant. — Release,  Jet  go,  miss,  free,  liberate,  acquiu 
Care,  anxiety,  solicitude,  concern,  attention,   regard,  dJP» 
cumspection,  caution,  foresight,  prudence,  heed. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  35 

Ant.— Carelessness,  disregard,   neglect,  indifference,  te- 
merity, improvidence. 
Career,  history,  course,  race,  passage,  life. 

Ant. — Incident,  fact. 
Careful.    See  CARE. 
Careless.     See  CARE. 
Caress,  fondle,  hug,  embrace. 

Ant. — Persecute,  annoy,  tease,  vex. 
Carnage.     See  SLAUGHTER. 
Carnal,    fleshly    sensual,  voluptuous,   luxurious,   secular, 

wordly. 

Ant. — Spiritual,  ethereal,  exalted,  refined,  pure,  temper- 
ate. 
Carnival,  revel,  rout,  masquerade,  festivity. 

Ant. — Fast,  mortification,  Lent. 

Carriage,   walk,   bearing,   deportment,   gait,  manner,  be- 
havior, demeanor,  vehicle,  conveyance. 
Ant. — Miscarriage,  misconduct,  misconveyance. 
Carry,  bear,  sustain,  convey,  transport. 

Ant. — Set  down,  drop,  abandon,  surrender. 
Case,  condition,  state,  circumstance,   plight,   predicament, 

suit,  process,  cause. 

Ant. — Theory,  supposition,   conjecture,   fancy,  hypothe- 
sis. 
Cast  down,   downcast,  dejected,   depressed,   discouraged, 

melancholy. 
Ant. — Raised,  elevated,  encouraged,  excited,   animated, 

impressed. 

Cast  off.     See  ABANDON. 
Casualty,    accident,    contingency,    incident,    occurrence, 

event,  adventure. 

Ant. — Appointment,  enactment,  assignment,  provision. 
Catalogue,  list,  roll,  record,  inventory,  index. 

Ant. — Individual,  unit,  fact. 
Catch,  overtake,  lay  hold  of,   grasp,   seize,   capture,  grip, 

clutch,  snatch,  arrest,  apprehend. 
Ant. — Lose,    miss,   escape,    release,   liberate,   misappre» 

hend. 

Catching.     See  CONTAGIOUS. 

Cause,  n.  source,  origin,  agent,  producer,  creator,  motive, 
reason,  incentive,  inducement,  incitement,  impulse, 
effort,  work,  operation. 


36         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Effect,  result,  end,  issue,  production,  accomplish. 

ment. 
Cause,  V.  occasion,  make,  induce,  originate,  give  rise  to, 

evoke,  provoke,  incite. 
Ant. — Effect,  prosecute,  conduct,  apply. 
Caution,  care,  vigilence,  circumspection,  admonition,  warn- 
ing, notice. 
Ant. — Heedlessness,  recklessness,  temerity,  indifference, 

carelessness. 
Cavity,  gap,  hollow,  aperture,  chasm,  opening. 

Ant. — Surface,  level,  projection,  plain,  abrasion. 
Cease,  leave  off,  desist,  discontinue,  pause. 

Ant. — Continue,  begin,  start,  prosecute. 
Cede,  give  up,  surrender,  relinquish,  quit,  forego. 

Ant. — Claim,  adhere  to,  hold,  take,  accept. 
Celebrate,    commend,     applaud,    laud,    extol,    magnify, 

glorify. 

Ant. — Decry,  disgrace,  hiss,  shame,  blame,  condemn. 
Celebrated,    famous,    renowned,     far-famed,    illustrious, 

glorious. 

Ant. — Unknown,    obscure,   undistinguished,   mean,  dis- 
graced. 
Celerity,  rapidity,  velocity,   swiftness,  quickness,  speed, 

fleetness. 

Ant. — Slowness,  sluggishness,  inertness,  tardiness. 
Celestial,   heavenly,   divine,   god-like,   seraphic,   angelic, 

radiant. 

Ant. — Terrestial,  earthly,  mortal,  human,  infernal. 
Censure,  z\  blame,   reprove,    reprehend,  reprobate,   con. 

demn,  upbraid. 

Ant. — Praise,  approve,  encourage,  commend,  eulogize. 
Ceremonial,  official,  imposing,  service. 

Ant. — Ordinary,  private,  unostentatious. 
Certain,    sure,     indubitable,     unquestionable,    unfailing, 

secure,  real,  actual,  positive,  assured,  true. 
Ant. — Uncertain,  dubious,  exceptional,  doubtful    unde- 
cided, irregular,  occasional,  casual. 
Certify,  testify,  vouch,  declare,  avow,  prove,  evidence. 

Ant. — Disprove,  disavow,  misinform. 
Cessation,     intermission,     rest,     pause,    discontinuance, 

abeyance,  suppression. 
^i»/.--Continuance,  incessancy. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  37 

Chafe,  fret,  irritate,  gall,  vex,  chagrin,  worry,  annoy. 

Ant. — Soothe,  smooth,  calm,  console. 
Champion,  leader,  chieftain,  head,  hero. 

Ant. — Private,   renegade,   traitor,   miscreant,   poltroon, 

coward. 
Chance,  accident,  fortune,  casualty,  hazard,  luck. 

Ant. — Law,  rule,  sequence,  causation,  purpose,  design. 
Change,  v.  alter,  vary,  transform,  exchange,  barter,  modi- 

fy,  qualify,  shift,  veer. 

Ant. — Retain,  conserve,  stabilitate,  hold,  fix,  clinch. 
Change,  n.  variety,  alteration,  alternation,  vicissitude. 
Ant. — Stability,    fixity,     unchangeabieness,    monotony, 

uniformity. 

Changeable,   variable,    undecided,    hesitating,   unsteady, 
vacillating,  fluctuating,  wavering,  inconstant,  unstead- 
fast,  unstable,  versatile,   restless,  fickle,  fitful,  capri- 
cious. 
Ant. — Regular,    settled,   steady,   stationary,    consistent, 

uniform,  immutable,  unchangeable,  unmovable. 
Character,  cast,   turn,   tone,  description,  nature,  disposi- 
tion, reputation,  class,  order,  sort,  kind,  mature. 
Ant. — Vagueness,  anonymousness,  non-descriptive. 
Characteristic,  peculiar  to,  sign  of,  distinctive,  specific. 

Ant. — Common,  general,  ordinary,  generic,  indistinctive. 
Characterize,    name,    designate,    denominate,    describe, 

particularize,  style. 
Ant. — Suggest,  hint,  insinuate. 

Charge,  v.  accuse,  impeach,  arraign,  inculpate,  attack,  as- 
sault, carry. 

Ant. — Acquit,  discharge,  clear,  free   liberate,  defend. 
Charge,  n.  care,  custody,  ward,  trust,  management,  cost, 
price,  expense,  account,  fee,  bill,  assault,  shock,  onset, 
attack,  accusation,  impeachment,  imputation. 
Ant.     See  v. 
Charity,   kindness,    benignity,    beneficence,   benevolence, 

tenderness. 

Ant. — Uncharitableness,      harshness,       cruelty,      inhu- 
manity. 

Charm.    See  CAPTIVATE. 

Chary,    wary,    cautious,   prudent,   careful,  sparing,  reluc- 
tant. 
Ant. — Liberal,  lavish,  profuse,  eager. 


38          A  DICTIONARY  OF   SYNONYMOUS 

Chastise,  correct,  castigate,  punish. 

Ant. — Indulge,  pamper,  spoil,  demoralize,  degrade. 
Cheat,  v.  defraud,  trick,   beguile,  deceive,   gull,  dupe,  de- 
lude, hoodwink. 
Ant. — Deal   fairly  with,   guide,  undeceive,   compensate, 

remunerate. 

Cheat,  n.  deception,  imposture,  fraud,  delusion,  artifice,  de- 
ceit, trick,  imposition,  imposter,  rogue,  trickster. 
Ant. — Honesty,   openness,   exposure,    artlessness,    gen- 
uineness, dupe,  gull,  victim. 
Check,  curb,  restrain,  repress,   control,  counteract,  chide, 

reprimand,  reprove,  rebuke. 

Ant. — Loose,  liberate,  instigate,  accelerate,  indulge,  abet. 
«jheer,   z/.  exhilarate,   animate,   inspirit,   inspire,  enliven, 

gladden,  comfort,  solace. 
Ant. — Depress,  sadden,  dispirit,  dishearten. 
Cheerfulness,  gayety,  sprightliness, merriment,  mirth,  liveli- 
ness, Vivacity,  joviality. 

Ant. — Depression,  sorrow,  tearfulness,  dumbness. 
Cheerless,   disconsolate,  broken-hearted,   comfortless,  in- 
consolable, desolate,  forlorn. 

Ant. — Cheerful,  lively,   gay,  happy,  bonny,  blithe,  pleas- 
ant. 

Cherish,  nourish,  nurture,  nurse,  foster,  sustain,  value. 
Ant. — Dislike,  hate,  despise,  stifle,  abandon,  discard. 
Chief,  principal,  main,  supreme,  paramount,  leader,  head, 

chieftain,  champion,  cardinal. 

Ant. — Inferior  subordinate,  minor,  unimportant,  lower, 
defective,  mean.  | 

Choice,  option,  preference,  election,  selection,  rare,  select, 

precious,  valuable. 
Ant. — Necessity,  rejection,  compulsion,  refusal,  common, 

ordinary,  inferior,  cheap,  valueless. 
Choose,  prefer,  select,  elect,  call,  pick. 

Ant. — Refuse,  leave,  dismiss,  reject,  decline,  ignore. 
Circuitous,  roundabout,  tortuous,  flexuous,  tiresome. 

Ant. — Straight,  direct,  linear. 
Circulate,  spread,  diffuse,  disseminate,  propagate. 

Ant. — Suppress,  hush,  avert,  cease,  stagnate. 
Circumlocution,  verbosity,  ambiguousness. 
*•  Ant. — Terseness,     conciseness,     directness,     coherence, 
X,  simplicity. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  39 

Circumspection,  watchfulness,  vigilance,  caution,  delibera, 

tion,  thoughtfulness,  wariness. 

Ant. — Heedlessness,  recklessness,  thoughtlessness,  care- 
lessness. 

Circumstance,    situation,    condition,    position,    fact,    inci- 
dent. 

Ant. — Transaction,  deed,  case,  occurrence. 
Cite,  quote,  adduce,  summon,  call. 

Ant. — Discredit,  dispute,  contradict,  dishonor. 
Civil,  polite,  complaisant,  affable,  courteous,  obliging,  ur- 
bane, well-bred. 

Ant. — Disobliging,  boorish,  clownish,  churlish,  uncivil. 
Civilize,  polish,  humanize,  cultivate,  refine. 

Ant. — Demoralize,  debase,  vitiate,  spoil,  depress,  injure. 
Claim,  v.  ask,  demand,  challenge,  call  for,  plead,  insist. 
Ant. — Disclaim,  waive,  forgo,  abandon,  concede,  surren- 
der, repudiate. 
Clamor,  outcry,  fuss,  noise,  hubbub,  uproar. 

Ant. — Silence,  acquiescence,  quiet,  reticence. 
Clandestine,  hidden,  secret,  private,  furtive,  surreptitious. 
Ant. — Open,  public,  advertised,  announced,  unconcealed. 
Class,  order,  rank,  degree,  grade,  category,  caste,  tribe. 
Ant. — Individuality,  singularity,  specialty,  isolation, alien- 
ation, division. 
Clause,  stipulation,  proviso,  term,  article,  portion,  section. 

Ant. — Document,  instrument,  paper. 
Clean,  cleanse,  clarify,  purify. 

Ant. — Dirty,  vitiate,  befoul,  deteriorate,  *,£ain. 
Clear,  v.  absolve,  acquit,  liberate,  deliver,  release,  set  free, 

unbind,  clarify,  disentangle,  extricate. 
Ant. — Involve,    implicate,    contaminate,  befoul,    polute, 

encumber,  embarrass. 

Clear,  a.  apparent,   palpable,  visible,   obvious,   plain,  evi. 
dent,    manifest,    unmistakable,    distinct,    intelligible, 
!acid,  transparent,  limpid. 
Ant. — Indistinct,    thick,    muddy,    opaque,    turbid,    foul, 

unintellible,  dubious,  entangled,  confused. 
Clemency.     See  MERCY. 
Clever,  skilful,  expert,  dexterous,  adroit. 
Ant. — Dull,   stupid,   slow,   awkward,  bungling,  clumsy, 
botched. 


40  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Climax,  summit,  height,  consummation,  acme,  culmina- 
tion. 

Ant. — Anti-climax,  depth,  base,  floor. 
Climb,  get  up,  scale,  mount,  soar,  tower,  ascend. 

Ant. — Descend,  drop,  fall,  slip,  tumble. 
Cling,  hold,  stick,  adhere,  attach,  cleave,  hang,  embrace. 

Ant. — Relax,  forego,  drop,  abandon,  let  go. 
Cloak,  mask,  veil,  cover,  blind,  disguise,  screen. 

Ant. — Revelation,  exposition,  showing,  exposure. 
Clog,  encumber,  burden,  hinder,  impede,  obstruct,  embar- 
rass, trammel,  fetter. 

Ant. — Aid,  assist,  help,  release,  encourage,  instigate. 
Close,  v.  conclude,  shut,  end,  terminate,  finish,  stop. 

Ant. — Open,  initiate,  protract,  conduct. 
Close,  a.  compact,  solid,  firm,  dense,  shut,  fast. 

Ant. — Wide,   open,   spacious,   ample,    airy,   unconfined, 

public,  liberal,  frank. 

Clothes,  garments,  vestments,  dress,  habiliments,  apparel, 
attire,  array,  raiment,  vesture,  drapery. 

Ant. — Nudity,  nakedness,  nature,  disarray. 
Cloudy,    dim,    obscure,    dark,   dusky,    murky,    indistinct, 
shadowy,  mysterious. 

Ant. — Clear,  bright,  distinct,  palpable,  open,  limpid. 
Clumsy,  awkward,  unpolished,  uncourtly,  ponderous. 

Ant. — Adroit,  dextrous,  clever,  skillful,  adept,  handy. 
Clutch,  grasp,  lay  hold  of,  catch,  seize,  grip. 

Ant. — Liberate,  let  go,  release,  emancipate. 
Coagulate,  thicken,  curdle,  mix,  blend. 

Ant. — Rarify,  expand,  dissipate,  subtilize,  discombine. 
Coalition,  alliance,  union,   confederacy,  league,  combina. 
tion. 

Ant. — Dissociation,  disruption,  disagreement. 
Coarse,    rough,    rude,    rugged,  gruff,    harsh,   vulgar,   im- 
modest. 

Ant. — Fine,  delicate,  choice,  refined,  polished. 
Coax,  cajole,  wheedle,  flatter. 

Ant. — Coerce,  intimidate,  impel,  instigate,  drive. 
Cogent,  forcible,  strong,  valid,  irresistible,  resistless. 

Ant. — Weak,  feeble,  powerless,  ineffectual. 
Coincidence,  concurrence,  correspondence,  agreement. 

Ant, — Design,  purpose,  adaptation,  rariation,  difference. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  41 

Colleague,  fellow,  compeer,  companion,   partner,  assist- 
ant. 

Ant. — Competitor,  opponent,  rival,  antagonist. 
Collect,  gather,  assemble,  muster,  congregate,  accumulate, 

hoard. 

Ant. — Distribute,  dispense,  divide,  sort,  dispose,  d«al. 
Collected,    composed,  placid,  calm,    serene,    cool,    atten- 
tive. 

Ant. — Distracted,  excited,  bewildered,  dazed,  scared. 
Collision,    clash,    clashing,    striking  together,    encounter, 

conflict. 

Ant. — Divergence,  shave,  opposition,  escape. 
Colossal.    See  ENORMOUS. 
Color,  hue,  tint,  tinge,  complexion. 

Ant. — Achromatism,  paleness,   nakedness,  transparency. 
Combat,  n.  engagement,  conflict,    contest,    fight,    action, 

battle. 
Ant. — Peace,  surrender,  submission,   truce,   arbitration, 

mediation,  reconciliation. 
Combat,  v.  oppose,  resist,  withstand,  thwart. 

Ant. — Help,  aid,  assist,  reconcile. 

Combination,   alliance,  union,  league,  confederacy,  coali- 
tion, conspiracy,  synthesis. 

Ant. — Disunion,    disolution,    division,    opposition,  anal- 
ysis. 
Comely,   becoming,   decent,    seemly,   agreeable,  graceful, 

shapely. 

Ant. — Unseemly,  ungraceful,  unshapely,  homely. 
Comfort,  solace,  console,  encourage,  revive. 

Ant. — Discomfort,  trouble,  annoy,  grieve,  wound. 
Comfortless,  cheerless,  forlorn,  disconsolate,  inconsolable, 

desolate,  wretched. 
Ant. — Comfortable,  cheerful,  happy,    bright,    gay  easy, 

pleasant. 
Comic,  funny,  laughable,  ludicrous,  droll. 

Ant. — Pathetic,  tearful,  sad,  melancholy,  doleful. 
Command,    order,    decree,    injunction,  mandate,   precept, 

behest. 

Ant. — Entreaty,  supplication,  petition,   prayer,  wish,  in- 
timation. 

Commence,  begin,  enter  upon,  initiate,  inaugurate. 
Ant, — Terminate,  end,  finish,  complete,  conclude. 


42  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Commend,  praise,  applaud,  extol,  eulogize,  recommend 
Ant. — Blame,  censure,  condemn,  denounce,  disapprove. 
Comment,  note,  observe,  criticise,  expatiate,  explain,  illus- 
trate. 

4nt. — Confuse,   obscure,  misinterpret,  mystify,  miscon- 
ceive. 
Commerce,  dealing,  trade,  traffic,  intercourse,  interchange, 

reciprocity,  business,  barter. 

Ant. — Stagnation,  dullness,  inactivity, interdict,  embargo 
Commit,  perpetrate,  do,  intrust,  confide,  consign. 

Ant. — Omit,  miscommit,  misconsign,  misentrust,  fail. 
Common,   vulgar,  low,  mean,  frequent,  ordinary,  usual 

general,  universal. 

Ant. — Refined,  excellent,  unusual,  rare,  scarce,  uncom- 
mon. 

Communicate,  make  known,  divulge,  disclose,  reveal,  im- 
part, tell,  adjoin,  attach. 

Ant. — Secrete,  suppress,  conceal,  reserve,  withhold,  dis- 
join. 

Communion,  fellowship,  converse,  share,  association,  par- 
ticipation, Lord's  supper,  eucharist,  sacrament. 
Ant. — Exclusion,   deprivation,  non-participation,  aliena- 
tion. 

Community,  society,  commonwealth,   social   state,   aggre- 
gation, association,  order,  nationality,  fraternity. 
Ant. — Segregation,    secession,    independence,    individu- 
ality, rivalry,  hostility,  animosity. 
Commute,  substitute,  change,  alter,  exchange,  barter. 

Ant. — Perpetuate,  disallow,  misappropriate. 
Company,    association,    society,    assembly,    assemblage, 
audience,   auditory,   corporation,    troop,  horde,  crew. 
Ant. — Individual,  separation,  rivalry,  opposition,  antag- 
onism. 
Companion,  comrade,  coadjutor,  partner,  ally,  asscr'ate, 

confederate,  fellow,  colleague. 
Ant. — Rival,  foe,  antagonist,  adversary. 
Comparison,  simile,  similitude,  illlustration. 

Ant. — Contrast,  opposition,  dissociation. 
Compass,  encirde,  environ,  encompass,  invest,    enclose, 

surround,  beset,  bring  about,  realize. 
Ant. — Expand,  unfold,  amplify,  display,  fail,  bungle, 
botch. 


/  AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  43 

Compassion,  pity,  commiseration,  sympathy,  condolence. 
Ant. — Cruelty,     hard-heartedness,     unforgiveness,     vin« 

dictiveness. 
Compassionate,  kind,  merciful,  clement,  benign,  gracious, 

benignant. 
Ant. — Uncompassionate,    unkind,   hard,    cruel,    severe^ 

vindictive,  relentless. 

Compatible,    consistent,    consonant,  accordant,  harmon- 
ious. 
Ant. — Incompatible,    inconsistent,    discordant,    hostile, 

antagonistic,  incongruous. 

Compel,  force,  constrain,  coerce,  enforce,  oblige,  necessi- 
tate. 
Ant. — Persuade,   convince,  coax,  allure,  induce,   tempt, 

seduce. 
Compendious,  brief,  short,  succinct,  concise,  condensed. 

Ant. — Diffuse,  vague,  prolix,  cumbrous. 
Compensate,  recompense,  make  amends,  remunerate,  re« 

quite. 

Ant. — Injure,  damage,  cheat,  dissatisfy,  defraud. 
Competent,  able,  capable,  efficient,  qualified,  fitted,  clever, 

skillful,  sufficient,  adequate. 

Ant. — Incompetent,  weak,  inadequate,  unqualified,  unfit. 
Competitor,  candidate,  rival,  aspirant,  antagonist. 

Ant. — Colleague,  assistant,  partner,  auxilary. 
Complain,  murmur,  lament,  regret,  repine. 

Ant. — Rejoice,  approve,  applaud,  exult. 
Complaint,  malady,  disease,  distemper,  disorder. 

Ant. — Health,  sanity,  soundness. 
Complete,    accomplish,    fulfill,    realize,     execute,    effect, 

achieve,  conclude,  finish,  end,  fill  up,  terminate. 
Ant. — Begin,  commence,  inaugurate,  imcomplete,  disap, 

point. 
Complex,  compound,  complicated,  involved,  intricate. 

Ant. — Simple,  obvious,  plain,  direct. 
Complicated.     See  COMPLEX. 
Compliment,  praise,  natter,  adulate,  applaud. 

Ant. — Insult,  wound,  condemn,  blame. 
Comply.     See  ACCEDE. 

Compose,  construct,  form,  compound,  put  together,  con* 
stitue,  soothe,  calm,  quiet,  lull,  hush,  frame,  indite. 


44  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Dissect,  analyze,  pull  apart,  destroy,  imitate,  e* 

cite,  annoy. 

Composed,  serene,  placid,  calm,  collected. 
Ant. — Decomposed,  excited,  bewildered,  imitated,  vexed, 

angry. 

Compound.     See  COMPLEX. 

Comprehend,  comprise,  take  in,  embrace,  contain,  em- 
body,  include,  conceive,  imagine,  apprehend,  under- 
stand. 

Ant. — Exclude,  except,  misunderstand. 
Comprehension,  capacity,  capability,    knowledge,    intelli- 
gence, understanding. 
Ant. — Misunderstanding,  misconception. 
Comprehensive,  extensive,  broad,  wide,  inclusive. 

Ant. — Exclusive,  narrow,  restricted,  shallow. 
Compress,  condense,  press,  squeeze,  abridge. 

Ant. — Expand,  dilute,  diffuse. 
Comprise,  embrace,   contain,   include,   comprehend,  em- 

body. 

Ant. — Exclude,  except,  omit,  reject. 
Compromise,    arbitrate,   adjust,    concede,    implicate,    in* 

volve,  entangle,  embarrass. 

Ant. — Aggravate,  perpetuate,  extricate,   exonerate,   dis- 
entangle. 

Compulsion,  constraint,  force,  coercion. 
Ant. — Persuasion,  coaxing,  inducement,  temptation,  se- 
duction. 

Compute.    See  CALCULATE. 
Comrade.    See  COMPANION. 

Conceal,  hide,  secrete,  disguise,  dissemble,  suppress. 
Ant. — Reveal,  exhibit,  expose,  j>ublish,  divulge,  confess, 

avow. 

Concede.    See  ALLOW. 
Conceited,  proud,  vain,  egotistical,  affected. 

Ant. — Humble,  natural,  simple,  unaffected,  honest. 
Conceive,  thinlf  of,  imagine,  suppose,  comprehend,  undet» 

derstand,  design,  believe. 
Ant. — Misconceive,  execute,  express,  produce. 
Concern.    See  AFFAIR. 

Concerning,  respecting,  with  regard  to,  regarding,  with 
reference  to,  with  respect  to,  relative  to,  in  relation  to, 
about. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS,  45 

Ant.— Omitting,  disregarding. 
Concert,  contrive  devise,  design,  manage. 

Ant, — Oppose,  disregard,  mismanage. 
Concise.    See  BRIEF. 
Conclude.    See  CLOSE. 
Conclusion.    See  CLOSE. 
Concord,  concert,  chorus,  harmony,  unity. 

Ant. — Discord,  disagreement,  variance,  animosity. 
Concourse,  crowd,  confluence,  conflux,  assembly,  mob. 

Ant. — Solitude,  dispersion,  conclave,  desertion,  cabal. 
Concur.     See  AGREE. 

Condemn,  blame,  reprobate,  reprove,   reproach,  upbraid, 
censure,  reprehend,  doom,  sentence. 

Ant. — Acquit,  absolve,  exonerate,  pardon,  approve. 
Condense.    See  COMPRESS. 

Condition,  state,  plight,  case,  predicament,  category,  stipu- 
lation, covenant,  article,  term. 

Ant, — Relation,  dependence,  situation,  circumstance,  con- 
cession, fulfillment,  adaptation. 
Condolence,  sympathy,  commiseration,  compassion. 

Ant. — Congratulation,  exultation,  brutality,  indifference. 
Conduce,  contribute,  subserve,  lead,   tend,  incline,  avail, 
aid,  converge. 

Ant. — Indispose,  counteract,  deject,  neutralize. 
Conduct,  guide,  lead,  direct,  manage,  bring,  control. 

Ant. — Misconduct,  mislead,  miscarry,  mismanage. 
Confederate.    See  ABETTOR. 
Confer,  bestow,  give,  discourse,  converse,  consult. 

Ant.. — Withdraw,  withhold,  contrast,  conjecture,  disasso- 
ciate. 

Confess.    See  Avow. 
Confide,  trust,  repose,  depend,  rely,  believe. 

Ant. — Doubt,  distrust,  disbelieve. 
Confidence,  assurance,  trust,  faith,  reliance,  hope. 

Ant. — Doubt,  distrust,  disbelief,  misgiving. 

Confident,   dogmatic,  positive,  absolute,  bold,  presumptu- 
ous, sanguine. 

Ant, — Doubtful,  fearful,  weak,  cowardly. 
Confine,  limit,  bound,  circumscribe,  restrict,  restrain,  shut 

up. 
Ant. — Expand,  extend,  widen,  loosen,  liberate. 


46  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS        \ 

Confirm,  ratify,  establish,  substantiate,  corroborate,  settle, 

strengthen. 
Ant. — Cancel,  annul,  repeal,   abrogate,  refute,   weaken 

upset. 
Conflicting,  jarring,  discordant,  irreconcilable. 

Ant. — Congruous,  harmonious,  consistent. 
Conform,  agree  with,  comply  with,  act  according  to,  har- 
monize, adapt,  suit. 

Ant. — Unconform,  dissent,  disagree,  secede,  vary. 
Confound,   confuse,   disconcert,  bewilder,   stun,  astound, 

absorb. 

Ant. — Elucidate,  unravel,  arrange,  classify,  enlighten. 
Confubcd.    muddled,    mixed,   promiscuous,  indistinct,    de- 
ranged, disordered,  disorganized,  bewildered. 
Ant. — Clear,  simple,  plain,  obvious,  transparent,  eluci- 
dated. 
Confusion,  disorder,  derangement,  disorganization,  chaos. 

anarchy,  misrule. 

Ant. — Order,  simplicity,  charity,  arrangement. 
Congregate,  assemble,   collect,  gather,  muster,  convene, 

convoke,  bring  together. 
Ant. — Separate,  disperse,  depart,  go  away. 
Conjecture,  guess,  surmise,  supposition,  hypothesis. 

Ant. — Inference,  deduction,  proof,  fact,  calculation. 
Conjure,  adjure,  beseech,  entreat,  implort. 

Ant. — Deprecate,  protest,  remonstrate,  expostulate. 
Connect,  join,  link,  bind. 
Ant. — Disconnect,  separate,  unbind,  break  apart,  disasso. 

ciate. 
Connected,  joined,  related,  akin,  kindred,  relative,  cognate, 

congenial. 

Atit. — Unconnected,  foreign,  unrelated,  opposed. 
Connection.    See  ALLIANCE. 
Conquer,    vanquish,    subdue,    overcome,    subjugate,   sur. 

mount,  defeat,  master. 

Ant. — Succumb,  surrender,  resign,  lose,  fail,  fall,  cede. 
Conscious,  cognizant,  aware,  sensible. 

Ant. — Unconscious,  unaware,  unsensible. 
Consecrate,  sanctify,  hallow,  devote,  dedicate. 
Ant. — Desecrate,  secularize,  profane,  pollute 
Consent.    See  ASSENT. 
Consequence}  effect,  result,  event,  issue,  sequerc*. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  47 

Ant. — Cause,  antecedence,  origin,  causation. 
Consider,  reflect,  regard,  weigh,  ponder,  deliberate,  think, 

observe,  investigate. 

Ant. — Guess,  hazard,  conjecture,  disregard,  ignore. 
Considerate,    thoughtful,    reflective,    deliberate,    prudent. 

provident,  careful,  judicious,  cautious. 
Ant. — Inconsiderate,  thoughtless,  careless,  rude,  selfish. 
Consistent.     See  ACCORDANT. 
Console.     See  SOOTHE. 
Consort.     See  ASSOCIATE. 
Conspicuouus,  distinguished,   noted,  marked,   prcminent, 

eminent,  pre-eminent,  illustrious,  famed. 
4nt. — Inconspicuous,  unknown,  unimportant,  unnoticea- 

ble. 
Conspiracy,  plot,  treachery,  intrigue. 

Ant. — Legislation,  congress,  parliament,  revolution. 
Constancy.     See  STABILITY. 

Constantly,  ever,  always,  continually,  perpetually,  inces- 
santly, everlastingly. 

Ant. — Never,    seldom,     irregularly,     occasionally,    acci- 
dentally. 
Constitute,  make,  form,  compose,  mold. 

Ant. — Decompose,    dissolve,    destroy,    abrogate,    disor- 
ganize, annul. 
Constitutional,  legal,  regulated,  organized,  radical,  rooted, 

fundamental. 

Ant. — Unconstitutional,  tyrannous,    revolutionary,    acci- 
dental. 

Constrain.     See  COMPEL. 
Construct,  build,  make,  erect,  compile,  constitute. 

Ant. — Destroy,  demolish,  derange,  overthrow. 
Construction,   interpretation,  version,  explanation,  view, 

reading,  meaning. 

Ant. — Misconstruction,  misinterpretation,  misunderstand- 
ing. 
Consult,  advise  with,  take  counsel,  deliberate,  debate. 

Ant. — Dictate,  explain,  expound,  direct,  order,  command. 
Consume,  burn,   absorb,  spend,  swallow,   imbibe,   engulf, 

devour,  use,  appropriate,  utilize,  employ. 
Ant. — Construct,  discard,  disuse,  reject. 
Consumption.    See  CONSUME. 
Contagious,  infectious,  pestilential,  miasmatic,  catching, 


48          A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Preventative,  sporadic,  endemic. 
Contain,  comprise,   comprehend,  include,  embrace,  hold, 

incorporate,  embody. 

Ant. — Drop,  exclude,  emit,  discharge,  afford,  yield. 
Contemn,  despise,  disdain,  scorn,  scout. 

Ant. — Respect,  revere,  venerate,  regard. 
Contemplate,    meditate,    muse,    think,    observe,    behold, 

ponder. 

.Int. — Ignore,  overlook,  waive,  abandon. 
Contemporary,  contemporaneous,  coeval,  simultaneous. 
Ant. — Incontemporaneous,  past,  future,  asyncronous. 
Contemptible.    See  DISPICABLE. 

Contemptuous,  disdainful,  scornful,  supercilious,  insolent. 
Ant. — Humble,  affable,   courteous,   respectable,  modest, 

bashful. 
Contend,  contest  debate,  argue,  dispute,  cope,  strive,  vie, 

wrangle. 
Ant. — Relinquish,  surrender,  concede,   allow,  waive,  re, 

sign. 

Contest,  n.  See  CONTEND. 
Contest,  v.  See  CONTEND. 
Contiguous.  See  ADJACENT. 

Contingency,  casualty,  accident,  incident,  occurrence,  ad- 
venture, event. 

Ant. — Purpose,  design,  order,  cause. 
Continual,    unceasing,   incessant,   continuous,    perpetual, 

uninterrupted,  unremitting,  endless,  everlasting. 
Ant. — Occasional,  rare,  fitful,  casual,  interrupted. 
Continually,  always,  ever,  constantly,  incessantly,  unceas- 
ingly, unterruptedly,  perpetually. 

Ant. — Sometimes,    occasionally,    rarely,    fitfully,    inter- 
ruptedly. 
Continuation,  continuance,  endurance,  duration,  sequence, 

prolongaticr. 

Ant. — Interruption,    cessation,   break,   gap,   discontinu- 
ance. 
Contortion,     distortion,     twisting,     writhing,     wrestling, 

wrenching. 

Ant. — Symmetry,  uniformity,  contour,  configuration. 
Contract,    v.     abbreviate,     curtail,     shorten,     condense, 

abridge,  retrench,  reduce,  agree. 
4nt. — Expand,  dilate,  amplify,  elongate,  concede. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  49 

Contract,  «.  agreement,  agree,  compact,  bargain,  stipula. 

tion,  covenant. 

Ant. — Parole,  promise,  assurance. 
Contrary.     See  ADVERSE. 
Contribute,  give  to,  co-operate,  conspire,  supply. 

Ant. — Refuse,  withhold,  misapply. 
Contrition,  repentance,  penitence,  remorse. 

Ant. — Impenitence,  callousness,  obduracy,  reprobation. 
Contrivance,  plan,  device,  scheme,  design,  invention. 

Ant. — Chance,  venture,  hazard. 
Control.    See  GOVERN. 

Controversy,  debate,  contest,  discussion,  disquisition,  dis- 
pute. 

Ant. — Agreement,  \manimity,  coincidence. 
Convene,  call  together,  bring  together,  convoke,  assemble, 

congregate,  muster. 
Ant. — Disperse,  dismiss,  disband. 
Convenient,     commodious,     suitable,     adapted,     handy. 

timely. 
Ant. — Inconvenient,    awkward,    useless,    unseasonable, 

untimely. 

Convention.    See  ASSEMBLY. 
Conventional,  usual,  ordinary,  fashionable. 

Ant. — Natural,  unusual,   immutable,  invariable,  compul- 
sory, unfashionable. 
Conversation,  dialogue,  conference,  talk,  parley,  colloquy, 

chat. 
4    Ant. — Speech,  oration,  harangue,  soliloquy,  monologue, 

silence. 
Convert,  change,  turn,  transform,  apply. 

Ant. — Divert,  conserve,  perpetuate,  clinch,  alienate. 
Convey.     See  CARRY. 

Convivial,  joyous,  festal,  social,  sociable,  hospitable. 
Ant. — Churlish,   unsociable,   ascetic,    inhospitable,   aus- 
tere. 

Convocation.     See  ASSEMBLY. 
Convulse,  upheave,  upturn,  shake,  agitate. 

Ant. — Soothe,  compose,  assuage. 

Cool,  cold,  frigid,  dispassionate,  unimpassioned,  calm,  un- 
disturbed, composed. 

Ant. — Warm,  heated,  irritated,  excited,  inflamed. 
Co-operate,  assist,  abet,  conspire,  conduce,  contribute. 


50  A  DICTION  A  R  Y  OF  S  YNON  YMO  US 

Ant. — Oppose,  thwart,  counteract,  rival,  antagonize, 
Copious.     See  ABUNDANT. 

Copy,  model,  pattern,  imitation,  exemplar,  transcript,  fac- 
simile, illustration,  duplicate. 
Ant. — Original,  prototype,  example. 
Corporal.     See  BODILY. 
Corpulent.     See  STOUT. 
Correct,  z/.  right,  mend,  amend,  i  sctify,  better,  reform,  im 

prove,  chasten. 
Ant. — Corrupt,  falsify,  spare. 
Correct,  a.  accurate,  exact,  precise,  proper,  faultless,  strict. 

Ant. — Incorrect,  false,  untrue,  faulty,  wrong. 
Correspond,  fit,  tally,  answer,  suit,  agree,  match. 

Ant. — Differ,  disagree,  jar,  clash,  vary. 
Correspondence,  letters,  intercourse,  communication,  com 

merce,  coincidence,  concurrence. 
Ant. — Conversation,    colloquy,    difference,    reservation,' 

withdrawal. 

Corrupt,  v.  contaminate,  defile,  taint,  pollute,  infect,  adul- 
terate, demoralize,  deprave,  spoil. 

Ant. — Purify,  cleanse,  ameliorate,  better,  mend,  repair. 
Corrupt,  a.  depraved,  debased,  vitiated,  demoralized,  pro- 
fligate. 

Ant. — Incorrupt,  pure,  undefiled,  good,  honest. 
Corruption,  defilement,  contamination,  pollution,  infection, 

adulteration,  vice,  depravity,  corruptness. 
Ant. — Purity,  honesty,  goodness,  amelioration. 
Cost,  price,  charge,  expense,  outlay. 

Ant. — Receipt,  profit,  revenue,  income,  emolument. 
Council.     See  ASSEMBLY. 
Counsel.    See  ADVICE. 
Count,  calculate,  compute,  reckon,  number,  sum,  estimate, 

rate. 

Ant. — Underestimate,  guess,  hazard,  conjecture. 
Countenance,  encourage,  patronize,  support,  confirm,  sanc- 
tion. 

Ant. — Discountenance,  discourage,  oppose,  confront. 
Counterfeit,  spurious,  forged,  imitated,  supposititious,  false, 

cheat,  fraud,  pretence,  ruse. 

Ant. — Truth,  fact,  verity,  reality,  detection,  exposure. 
Countless,  innumerable,  numberless,  incalculable,  unnum- 
bered. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  51 

Ant.— Few,  scant,  sparse,  numbered,  limited. 
Courage,  resolution,  fearlessness,  prowess,  bravery,  forti- 
tude, chivalry,  intrepidity,  boldness,  firmness. 
Ant. — Timidity,  cowardice,  pusillanimity  poltroonery. 
Course,  way.  road,  route,   passage,   race,   career,   series, 

process,  succession. 

Ant. — Disorder,  deviation,  error,  caprice. 
Courteous,  affable,  conciliating,  kind,  urbane. 

Ant. — Rude,  churlish,  arrogant,  uncivil,  ungracious. 
Courteousness.    See  AFFABILITY 
Covenant.    See  CONTRACT. 
Cover,  shelter,  screen,  hide,  overspread,  overshadow,  cloak, 

conceal,  secrete. 

Ant. — Expose,  reveal,  betray,  exhibit,  produce. 
Covert,    secret,    clandestine,    hidden,    latent,    concealed, 

cabalistic,  mysterious. 
Ant. — Open,  exposed,  exhibited,  revealed. 
Covet,  desire,  wish  for,  long  for,  aspire  to. 

Ant. — Dislike,  despise,  undervalue. 
Cozen,  cheat  gull,  dupe,  defraud,  impose  upon,   deceive, 

wheedle 

Ant. — Undeceive,  disabuse,  enlighten. 
Crafty,  cunning,  artful,  sly,  subtle,  wily,  tricky. 

Ant. — Honest,  open,  frank,  candid,  straightforward,  art- 
less, sincere. 
Crave,  beg,  entreat,  solicit,  beseech,  implore,  supplicate. 

Ant. — Demand,  insist,  require,  seize. 
Crazy,  imbecile,  foolish,  crack-brained,  brainless,  idiotic. 

Ant. — Sound,  robust,  clever,  vigorous,  talented,  learned. 
Create,  make,  form,  cause,  produce,  generate,  engender, 

invent. 

Ant. — Destroy,  annihilate,  demolish. 
Credence,  beiief,  faith,  confidence. 
Ant. — Disbelief,  distrust,  denial. 
Credential,  missive,  diploma,   title,  testament,  seal,    watv 

rant,  letter,  introduction. 

Ant. — Autocracy,  self-appointment,  self-constitution. 
Credit,  belief,  trustworthiness,  reputation,  security,  hono». 

Ant. — Disbelief,  distrust,  censure,  disgrace,  shame. 
Credulity,  gullibility,  simplicity. 

nt. — Incredulity,   scepticism,   suspiciousness,   shrewd* 
MM 


52          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Crest,  top,  summit,  apex,  head,  crown. 

Ant. — Bare,  foot,  bottom,  sole. 
Crime,  offense,  misdeed,  misdemeanor,  felony. 

Ant. — Good-deed,  well-doing,  duty,  obligation,  exploit. 
Criminal,    illegal,    felonious,    vicious,    iniquitous,    sinful, 

guilty,  nefarious,  immoral. 

Ant. — Lawful,  right,  just,  virtuous,  moral,  meritorious. 
Cripple,  weaken,  impair,  curtail,  cramp. 

Ant. — Strengthen,  renovate,  augment,  ease. 
Criterion,  test,  touchstone,  proof. 

Ant. — Eye,  glance,  conjecture,  scan. 
Critical,  nice,  exact,  fastidious,  precarious,  ticklish,  crucial, 

important,  hazardous. 
/   Ant. — Uncritical,  loose,  easy,   indiscriminately,  inexact, 

safe   decided,  settled. 
Criticise,  examine,  scan,  analyze,  discuss,  anatomize. 

Ant. — Overlook,  survey,  slur,  skim. 
Cross,  ill-tempered,  fretful,  ill-humored,    crusty,   peevish, 

fractious. 

Ant. — Amiable,  genial,  good-humored,  good-tempered. 
Crude,  raw,  undigested,  unconsidered,  half-studied,  harsh, 

unshaped,  unfinished,  unrefined,  ill-prepared. 
Ant. — Refined,  finished,  ripe,  well-prepared,  well-digest- 
ed, well-considered,  elaborate. 
Cruel,  savage,  barbarous,  inhuman,  malignant. 
Ant. — Humane,  forbearing,  merciful,  benevolent,  gener- 
ous. 

Cupidity.     See  AVARICE. 
Cultivate,  promote,  foster,  improve,  cherish. 
Ant. — Neglect,  discourage,  blight,  blast,  uproot,   eradi- 
cate. 
Curb,  restrain,  hold,  check,  moderate. 

Ant. — Loosen,  release,  liberate,  instigate,  incite,  impel. 
Curiosity,  inquisitiveness,  interest,  rarity,   celebrity,  odd" 

ity. 
Ant. — Abstraction,  indifference,  heedlessness,  disregard, 

bagatelle,  song,  cipher. 
>urious,    inquiring,    inquisitive,   searching,    interrogative, 

prying,  peeping,  peering,  rare,  odd. 

Ant. — Indifferent,    incurious,   uninterested,    trite,    com- 
mon. 
Curse,  malediction,  anathema,  bane,  blight. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  53 

/  Ant. — Blessing,  benediction,  joy,  crown,  glory. 
Cursory,  summary,  rapid,  superficial. 

Ant. — Minute,  elaborate,  profound. 
Custody,  keeping,  guardianship,  conservation,  care. 

Ant. — Neglect,  exposure,   abandonment,  liberation,  dis- 
charge. 
Custom,  manner,  habit,  use,  prescription. 

Ant. — Law,  regulation,  command,  rule,  disuse. 
Cut,  sever,  slice,  sunder,  avoid,  elude. 

Ant. — Unite,  splice,  accost,  approach,  address,  salute. 
Cutting,   sharp,   biting,   trenchant,    piercing,    bitter,    sar» 
castic. 

Ant. — Mild,  soothing,  conciliatory,  indulgent,  consoling. 
Cynical,  sarcastic,  snarling,  sneering,  cross-grained. 

Ant, — Lenient,  tolerant,  genial,  complaisant,  urbane. 

D 

Dainty,  choice,  luxurious,  rare,  refined,  tasteful,  exquis- 
ite, epicurean,  fastidious. 

Ant. — Coarse,  common,  dirty,  nasty,  gluttonous. 
Damage,  injure,  hurt,  loss,  impair. 

Ant. — Benefit,  repair,  bless,    compensate,  enhance,   im- 
prove. 
Danger,  peril,  hazard,  risk,  jeopardy. 

Ant. — Security,  safety,  precaution,  custody,  defence. 
Dare,  venture,  face,  brave,  hazard,  risk,  defy. 

Ant. — Shun,  dread,  fear,  shrink,  cower. 
Dark,  black,  dusky,  sable,  swarthy,   opaque,  obscure,  ab- 
struse, unintelligible,  blind,  ignorant,  dim,   shadowy, 
somber,  joyless,  mournful,  sorrowful. 
Ant. — Light,    fair,    white,   bright,    radiant,    transparent, 

lucid,  intelligible,  plain,  festive,  luminous. 
Dash,  hurl,  cast,  throw,  drive,  rush,  send,  fly,  speed,  course, 

Ant. — Raise,  erect,  creep,  crawl,  lay. 
Date,  facts,  grounds,  postulates. 

Ant. — Assumption,  conjectures,  inferences. 
Dauntless,  valiant,  gallant,  fearless,  intrepid. 

Ant. — Timid,  cautious,  cowardly. 
Dawn,  gleam,  begin,  rise,  open,  break. 
Ant.— Wane,  set,  sink,  close,  depart,  end. 


54          A  DICTIONARY  OF   SYNONYMOUS 

Dead,  defunct,  deceased,  departed,  gone,  inanimate,  life- 
j        less,  insensible,  heavy,  unconscious,  dull,  spiritless. 

Ant. — Liv'ng,  alive,  animate,   vivacious,  stirring,  bust- 
ling. 
Deaf,  insensible,  disinclined,  averse,  inexorable. 

Ant. — Attentive,  alive,  acute,  interested,  sensible,  willing. 
Death,  departure,  demise,  decease,  dissolution,  mortality, 
expiration. 

Ant. — Birth,    growth,    rise,   life,   spirit,   vigor,   activity, 

action,  vitality,  inauguration. 

Debase,  degrade,  lower,  depress,  deprave,  deteriorate,  cor- 
rupt, alloy. 

Ant. — Enhance,  exart,  raise,  purify,  improve,  promote. 
Debate.     See  ARGUE. 

Debateable,  dubious,  doubtful,  uncertain,  problematical, 
unsettled. 

Ant. — Indisputable,  hicontestible,  certain,  sure. 
Debility,  weakness,  feebleness,  lassitude,  languor. 

Ant. — Strength,  energy,  vigor,  nerve,  robustness. 
Debt,  obligation,  liability,  default, 

Ant. — Credit,  assets,  gift,  gratuity,  trust,  favor. 
Decay,  decline,  wane,  dwindle,  waste,  ebb,  decrease. 

Ant. — Flourish,  luxuriate,  grow,  increase,  rise. 
Decayed,  rotten,  corrupt,  unsound,  decomposed,  faded,  un- 
prosperous,  impoverished. 

Ant. — Sound,  flourishing,  wholesome,  fresh,  healthful. 
Deceit.      See  CHEAT. 
Deceive.    See  CHEAT. 
•Decide,  determine,  settle,  adjudicate,  terminate,  resolve. 

Ant. — Waver,    suspend,    moot,    brood     over,    cogitate, 

doubt,  misjudge. 
Decipher.    See  INTERPRET. 
Decision,  determination,  conclusion,  resolution,  firmness. 

Ant. — Indecision,  uncertainty,  irresolution,  weakness. 
Declaim,  speak,  debate,  harangue,  recite. 

Ant. — Read,  study,  write,  compose. 
Declaration,  avowal,  statement,  manifestation,  profession. 

Ant. — Denial,  concealment,  suppression. 
Declivity,  descent,  fall,  slope,  incline. 

Ant. — Ascent,  rise,  mountain,  verticality. 
Decorum,  seemliness,  propriety,  dignity,  order. 

Ant, — Disorder,  impropriety,  disturbance. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  55 

Decrease,  diminish,  lessen,  wane,  decline,  retrench,  cur- 
tail, reduce. 

Ant. — Increase,    amplify,   expand,    extend,   grow,    aug- 
ment. 

Decree,  decision,  determination,   law,  edict,  order,   mani- 
festo, rule,  verdict. 

Ant. — Request,  hint,  intimation,  suggestion. 
Dedicate,  devote,  consecrate,  offer,  set,  apportion,  assign. 

Ant. — Misuse,  alienate,  misapply,  misappropriate. 
Decrepit.     See  INFIRM. 
Deed,  act,  action,   achievement,    commission,   instrument, 

document,  muniment. 
Ant. — Non-performance,  omission,   failure,  invalidation, 

reversion. 

Deep,  profound,  subterranean,  submerged,  designing,  ab- 
struse, learned. 
Ant. — Shallow,  superficial,  familiar,  artless,  undesigning, 

easy,  plain. 
Deface.     See  INJURE. 

Default,  lapse,  forfeit,  omission,  absence,  want,  failure. 
Ant. — Maintenance,   appearance,  presence,  place,  satis- 
faction. 

Defeat,  conquer,  overcome,  worst,  rout,  frustrate,  baffle. 
Ant. — Succumb  to,    surrender,  foil,  aid,  advance,  estab- 
lish. 
Defect,  imperfection,  flaw,  fault,  blemish. 

Ant. — Supply,  sufficiency,  compensation,  ornament. 
Defence,  excuse,  plea,  vindication,  bulwark,  rampart. 
Ant. — Abandonment,    surrender,   exposure,   accusation, 

charge. 
Defend,  guard,  protect,  justify. 

Ant. — Abandon,  betray,  defeat,  accuse,  charge,  retreat. 
Defer,  delay,  postpone,  put  off,  prorogue,  adjourn. 

Ant. — Hasten,  press,  urge,  hurry,  expedite. 
Deference.     See  HONOR. 
Deficient,  short,  wanting,  inadequate,  scanty,  incomplete; 

Ant. — Complete,  sufficient,  full,  correct,  satisfactory. 
Defile,  pollute,  corrupt,  sully. 

Ant. — Cleanse,  purify,  ameliorate,  better. 
Define,  fix,  settle,  determine,  limit. 

Ant. — Confuse,  obscure,  mystify,  misstate,  confound. 
Definite,  precise,  exact,  correct,  fixed,  determined. 


56  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Indefinite,  vague,  obscure,  undefined,  confused. 
Deformity,     ugliness,    disfigurement,    hideousness,    mot*. 

strosity. 

Ant. — Regularity,  grace,  beauty,  ornament. 
Defray,  meet,  liquidate,  pay,  discharge,  quit. 

Ant. — Repudiate,  dishonor,  dissatisfy,  misappropriate. 
Degenerate,  debased,  fallen,  impaired. 

Ant. — Regenerated   advanced,  improved. 
Degree,   grade,   extent,    measure,    mark,  range,  quantity, 

amount,  limit. 

Ant. — Space,  mass,  magnitude,  size. 
Dejected.    See  MELANCHOLY. 
Deliberate,  v.  consider,  meditate,  consult,  ponder,  debate. 

Ant. — Hazard,  risk,  chance. 

Deliberate,  a.  purposed,  intentional,  designed,  determined. 
Ant. — Irresolute,    playful,    hasty,    quick,  dictated,    sug- 
gested. 
Delicacy,   nicety,    daintiness,    refinement,   tact,    softness, 

modesty. 
Ant. — Coarseness,  indelicacy,  roughness,  rudeness,  vigor, 

robustness. 
Delight,  enjoyment,  pleasure,  happiness,  transport,  ecstacy, 

gladness,  rapture,  bliss. 

Ant. — Pain,  suffering,  sorrow,  trouble,  misery,  discom- 
fort, dejection,  disappointment,  depression,  distress, 
melancholy. 

Deliver,  liberate,  free,  rescue,  pronounce,  hand  to,  give. 

Ant. — Confine,  hold,  take,  capture,  retain,  appropriate. 
Demand,  claim,  insist. 

Ant. — Disclaim,  waive,  petition,  request,  supplicate. 
Demonstrate.     See  PROVE. 
Denominate,  name,  call,  designate,  denote. 

Ant. — Misname,  miscall,  describe,  suggest,. 
Denude,  strip,  divest,  lay  bare. 

Ant. — Invest,  clothe,  drape,  ornament,  enrich. 
Deny.     See  REFUSE. 
Depart.     See  LEAVE. 
Department,  section,  division,  office,  branch,  province. 

Ant. — Institution,  establishment,  state,  whole,  body. 
Deprive,  strip,  bereave,  despoil,  rob,  divest. 

^Ant, — Supply,  invest,  endow,  compensate,  present. 


AND  AN-TITHETIC   WORDS.  57 

Depute,  appoint,    commission,    cha*-ge,    entrust,  delegate. 

authorize,  accredit. 

Ant. — Recall,  dismiss,  discharge,  supercede. 
Deputy,  vicegerent,  lieutenant,  representative,  agent,  com- 
missioner, delegate,  proxy,  substitute. 
Ant. — Principal,  master,  chief,  head,  ruler,  sovereign. 
Derision,  scorn,  contempt,  contumely,  disrespect. 

Ant. — Respect,  regard,  admiration. 
Derivation,   origin,  source,    beginning,   cause,  etymology, 

root,  spring,  analysis. 
Ant. — Result,  issue,  application,  use. 

Describe,  draw   delineate,  portray,  explain,  illustrate,  de- 
fine, picture. 

Ant. — Confuse,  caricaUre,  distrust,  suggest. 
Desecrate,  profane,  secularize,  misuse,  abuse,  pollute. 
Ant. — Sanctify,  consecrate,    dedicate,    employ,    devote, 

purify,  solemnize. 
Desert,  wild,  waste,  wilderness,  solitude,  void, 

Ant. — Garden,  oasis,  pasture,  field. 
Deserve,  merit,  earn,  justify,  win 

Ant. — Undeserve,  forfeit,  iose. 

Design,    delineation,   sketch,   drawing,  cunning,   contriv- 
ance. 
Ant. — Structure,  execution,    performance,   result,  issue, 

candor,  fairness,  sincerity,  chance,  accident. 
Desirable,     expedient,     advisable,    valuable,     acceptable, 

proper,  judicious,  beneficial,  profitable,  good. 
Ant. — Undesirable,  unadvisable,  unprofitable,  evil. 
Desire,  longing,  affection,  craving. 

Ant. — Loathing,   aversion,   hate,   repugnance,  abomina* 

tion. 
Desist,  cease,  stop,  discontinue,  drop,  abstain,  'irbear 

Ant. — Persist,  continue,  proceed. 
Desolate,    bereaved,    forlorn,    forsaken,    deserted,    wild, 

waste,  bare,  bleak,  lonely. 
Ant. — Cheerful,  attended,  consoled,  cultivated,  sheltered, 

fertile,  frequented,  gay. 

Despair.  hopel/~ssness,  despondency,  desperation. 
Ant. — Hope    confidence,  elation,    sanguiness,    andcipa- 

tion. 

Desperate,  wild,  daring,  audacious,  determined,  reckless. 
Ant. — Hopeful,  remediable,  cautious,  timid,  propitious. 


58  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Destine,  purpose,  intend,  design,  devote. 

Ant. — Divert,  alienate,  misapply. 

Destination,  purpose,  intention,  design,  consignment,  ob. 
ject,  end,  fate,  doom,  use,  scope,  goal,  aim. 

Ant. — Project,  effort,  operation,  tendency,  exercise,  ac- 

tion. 
Destiny,  fate,  decree,  doom,  end. 

Ant. — Will,  freedom,  volition,  choice. 
Destroy.     See  ANNIHILATE. 
Detest.    See  HATE. 
Destructive.    See  HURTFUL. 

Desultory,    rambling,    discursive,     loose,    unmethodical, 
superficial,  unsettled,  erratic,  fitful,  spasmodic. 

Ant. — Consecutive,  continuous,   methodical,  systematic, 

periodical,  diligent,  serious. 
Detail,  particularize,  enumerate,  specify. 

Ant. — Generalize,    abstract,    condense,  sketch,  amalga- 
mate. 

Detect.    See  DISCOVER. 

Deter,   warn,    stop,   dissuade,    disspirit,    discourage,   dis- 
hearten, terrify   scare. 

Ant. — Prompt,  tempt,  encourage,  incite,  persuade. 
Destitute.     See  DEVOID. 
Detract,  lessen,  deteriorate,  depreciate,  diminish. 

Ant. — Enhance,  raise,  increase,  augment. 
Detriment.     See  HARM. 
Detrimental.    See  HURTFUL. 
Develop,  amplify,  expand,  enlarge,  enunciate. 

Ant. — Envelope,  compress,  restrict,  contract,  involve. 
Device,  artifice,  expedient,  contrivance. 

Ant. — Openness,  fortune,  mck,  hazard. 
Devious,  tortuous,  circuitous,  roundabout,  distorted. 

Ant. — Direct,  plain,  straightforward,  frequented. 
Devoid,  void,  wanting,  destitute,  unendowed,  unprovided. 

Ant. — Provided,  supplied,  furnished,  replete. 
Devolve,  impose,  place,  charge ,  commission,  befall,  fall 
on. 

Ant. — Deprive,  withhold,  cancel,  alienate,  lapse. 
Devoted.    See  FOND. 

Devotion,    piety,    devoutness,    religiousness,   dedication, 
love,  attachment. 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  59 

Ant. — Aversion,      indifference,     antipathy,     alienation, 

apathy. 
devour,  eat,  consume,  gorge,  swallow,  bolt. 

Ant. — Disgorge,  vomit,  emit. 
Dictate,  prompt,  suggest,  enjoin,  order,  command. 

Ant. — Follow,  obey,  echo,  answer,  repeat. 
Dictatorial,  imperative,  imperious,  domineering,  arbitrary, 

tyrannical,  overbearing,  commanding. 
Ant. — Persuasive,  humble,  subservient. 
Die,  expire,  depart,  perish,  decline,  languish,  wane,  sink, 

fade,  decay. 
Ant. — Live,   begin,   originate,  grow,    strength,    flourish, 

luxuriate. 
Diet,  food,  nourishment,  nutriment,  sustenance,   victuals, 

fare,  cheer,  regimen. 

Ant. — Abstinence,  starvation,  fasting,  gluttony. 
Difference,    separation,    discord,    dissent,    disagreement, 

estrangement,  variety. 

Ant. — Similarity,    likeness,  agreement,    sympathy,    uni- 
formity, identity. 
Difficult,   hard,    intricate,   involved,   perplexing,    obscure, 

unman  ageable. 

Ant. — Easy,  plain,  simple,  lucid,  tractable,  favorable. 
Diffuse,  discursive,  prolix,  diluted,  copious. 

Ant. — Terse,  laconic,  epigrammatic,  condensed. 
Dignify,  aggrandize,  elevate,  invest,   exalt,  advance,  pro- 
mote, honor. 

Ant. — Degrade,  disgrace,  humiliate. 

Dilapidation,  ruin,  decay,  disintegration,  crumbling,  demo- 
lition. 
Ant. — Solidity,  freshness,  integrity,  roundness,  repaira- 

tion,  structure. 
Dilate,  stretch,    widen,    expand,   swell,   distend,    enlarge, 

descant,  expatiate. 
Ant. — Contract,  narrow,  restrict,  constrict,  concentrate, 

epitomize,  condense. 
Dilatory,   tardy,   procrastinating,  behind    hand,   lagging, 

dawdling. 

Ant. — Prompt,  alert,  eager,  quick,  beforehand,  vigilant. 
Diligence,  care,  assiduity,  attention,  heed,  industry. 

Ant. — Indifference,   carlessness,^  neglect,    heedlessness, 
<       idleness- 


60          A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Dimension,  measurement,  size,  configuration,  delineation. 
Ant. — Segment,    part,    sector,    fragment,    mismeasure* 

ment. 

Diminish.     See  DECREASE. 
Dingy,  dim,  dull,  dusky,   rusty,    colorless,    obscure,  dead, 

somber. 

Ant, — Bright,  radiant,  lustrous,  shiny,  glossy,  gleaming. 
Diplomatic,  judicious,  knowing,  wise,  prudent,   sagacious. 
Ant. — Undiplomatic,  injudicious,  awkward,  bungling,  ill- 
managed. 
Disability,  unfitness,  incapacity. 

Ant. — Ability,  fitness,  qualification,  merit. 
Discern,    descry,    observe,    recognize,    see,   discriminate, 

separate,  perceive. 

Ant. — Overlook,  confound,  omit,  undiscern. 
Discernible,  visible,  conspicuous,  manifest,  palpable. 
Ant. — Indiscernible,  invisible,   impalpable,    obscure,  mi- 
nute. 

Discernment,  discrimination,  farsightedness,  clearsighted- 
ness, penetration,  observation,  sagacity. 
Ant. — Dullness,  stupidity,  blindness  heedlessness. 
Discipline,  order,  strictness,    training,    coercion,    punish- 
ment, organization. 
Ant. — Disorder,    confusion,    rebellion,   disorganization, 

encouragement. 
Disclose.     See  REVEAL. 
Discomfort,  disquiet,  vexation,  annoyance,  trouble. 

Ant. — Comfort,  ease,  pleasure,  agreeableness. 
Disconcert,    abash,    confuse,  confound,   upset,  baffle,  de- 
range, discompose,  frustrate,  discomfit. 
Ant. — Rally,  aid,  untangle,  encourage,    arrange,  order. 
Disconsolate,  sad,  forlorn,  melancholy,  unhappy,  desolate, 

woful. 

Ant. — Cheerful,  joyous,  blithe,  merry,  happy. 
Discover,    make  known,    find,    invent,    contrive,    expose, 

reveal,  detect. 

Ant. — Conceal,  suppress,  mask,  screen,  cover,  lose. 
Discredit,  v.  disbelieve,  distrust,  disgrace,  dishonor. 

Ant. — Credit,  believe,  trust. 
Discredit,  «.  disgrace,  disrepute,  dishonor. 
Ant, — Credit,  honor,  trust,  faith,  belief. 


ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  61 

Discreditable,  shameful,  disgraceful,  scandalous,  disrepu- 
table. 

Ant. — Honorable,  favorable,  worthy,   confidence,  trust. 
Discreet,  cautious,  prudent,  wary,  judicious. 

Ant. — Indiscreet,  foolish,  impudent,  reckless,  silly. 
Discrepancy.    See  DIFFERENCE. 
Discrimination.     See  JUDGMENT. 
Discuss.     See  ARGUE. 
Disdain.     See  SCORN. 
Disgrace,  «.  disrepute,  reproach,  dishono/,  shame,  odium. 

Ant. — Honor,  favor,  confidence,  trust. 
Disgrace,  v.  See  DISHONOR. 

Disgust,  dislike,  distaste,  loathing,   abomination,  abhor- 
rence. 

Ant. — Fondness,  partiality,  liking,  desire,  avidity,  relish. 
Dishonest,  unjust,  fraudulent,   unfair,  deceitful,  cheating, 
deceptive,  wrongful. 

Ant. — Honest,  just,  honorable,  equitable,  right. 
Dishonor,  disgrace,  shame,  degrade,  ravish,  pollute. 

Ant. — Honor,  justify,  improve,  enhance,  raise,  better. 
Dislike.     See  ANTIPATHY. 

Dismal,  dreary,  gloomy,  lonesome,  dull,  melancholy,  sad, 
pitiable,  cheerless. 

Ant. — Cheerful,  gay,  propitious,  joyous,  lively. 
Dismay,    v.   terrify,   frighten,   scare,    daunt,    appal,    dis- 
hearten. 

Ant. — Inspirit,  encourage,  allure. 
Dismay,  n.     See  v. 
Dismiss,  send  off,  discharge,  discard,  banish. 

Ant. — Recall,  retain,  detain,  keep. 

Disorder,  disease,  malady,  complaint,  confusion,  derange- 
ment. 

Ant. — Order,     health,      sanity,     arrangement,    method, 

system. 
Disorderly,  irregular,  confused,  lawless,  unruly. 

Ant. — Orderly,    regular,    systematized,  lawful,   jfovern- 

able,  amenable,  pure. 
Disown.     See  RENOUNCE. 
Dispel.     See  SCATTER. 
Disperse.    See  DISTRIBUTE. 
Display.     See  SHOW. 
Displease,  offend,  vex,  anger,  provoke,  irritate. 


62  ,*  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Please,  amuse,  gratify,  placate. 
Dispose.    See  ARRANGE. 
Dispute,  v.  argue,  contest,  contend,  question,  impugn. 

Ant. — Waive,  concede,  allow,  forego. 
Dispute,  n.  argument,  debate,   controversy,   quarrel,  dis. 

agreement. 

Ant. — Agreement,  decision,  council. 
Disregard,  slight,  neglect,  despise,  disparage. 

Ant. — Regard,  honor,  exalt,  listen,  attend,  hear. 
Dissent.     See  DISAGREE. 
Dissolve.     See  MELT. 
Distance,  interval,  remoteness,  space. 
Ant. — Nearness,    proximity,    adjacency,    contact,   pres- 
ence. 

Distinct.     See  CLEAR. 

Distinguish,  perceive,  discern,  mark  out,  divide,  discrimi- 
nate. 

Ant. — Miss,  overlook,  confound,  confuse. 
Distinguished,  famous,  glorious,  far  famed,  noted,  illus- 
trious, eminent,  celebrated. 

Ant. — Undistinguished,      dishonored,     disgraced,       un- 
known. 

Distract.     See  DISTURB. 

Distress,  trouble,  pain,  afflict,  grieve,  take,  seize,  distrain. 
Ant. — Soothe,      compose,      console,     comfort,      please, 

gratify. 
Distribute,  allot,  share,  dispense,  apportion,  deal. 

Ant. — Receive,  retain,  withhold,  restrict,  keep,  collect. 
Disturb,   derange,   discompose,   agitate,    rouse,   interrupt, 

confuse,  annoy,  trouble,  vex,  worry,  perplex. 
Ant. — Soothe,  pacify,  compose,  quiet,  order,  arrange. 
Divert,  please,  gratify,  amuse,   entertain,   alter,    change, 

deflect. 

Ant. — Annoy,  disturb,  distress,   prolong,   continue,  con- 
fine. 
Divide,  part,  separate,  sever.deal  out,  distribute,  sunder. 

Ant. — Unite,  join,  gather,  convene,  classify. 
Divine,  Godlike,  holy,  heavenly,  sacred — a  parson,  clergy- 
man, minister. 

Ant. — Profane,  unholy,  devilish,  satanic,  layman. 
Do,  effect,  make,  perform,  accomplish,  finish,  transact.       / 
Ant, — Undo,  omit,  neglect. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  63 

Docile,  tractable,  teachable,  compliant,  tame. 

Ant. — Stubborn,  obstinate,  intractable. 
Doctrine,  tenet,  articles  of  belief,  creed,  dogma,  teaching. 

Ant. — Practice,  conduct,  action,  duty. 
Domicile.     See  ABODE. 
Doom,  sentence,  verdict,  judgment,  fate,  lot,  destiny. 

Ant. — Pardon,  liberation,  respite,  acquitted. 
Doubt,   uncertainty,    suspense,    hesitation,    scruple,    am- 
biguity. 

Ant. — Certainty,  precision,   decision,   conviction,  deter- 

mination,  clearness,  satisfaction. 
Draw,  pull,  haul,  attract,  inhale,  sketch. 

Ant. — Push,  carry,  propel,   repel,  impel,  throw,   thrust, 

describe. 
Dread,  fear,  horror,  terror,  alarm,  dismay,  awe. 

Ant. — Courage,  confidence,  assurance. 
Dreadful,  fearful,  frightful,  shocking,  awful,  horrible,  hor- 
rid, terrific.  i 

Ant. — Hopeful,  inspiriting,  encouraging,  promising. 
Dress,     clothing,    attire,     apparel,    garments,     costume, 
garb,  livery. 

Ant. — Nudity,  nakedness,  undress,  disarrangement. 
Drift,  purpose,  meaning,  scope,  aim,  tendency,  direction. 

Ant. — Aimlessness,  vagueness,  indefiniteness,  pointless* 

ness. 
Drill,  train,  teach,  discipline,  perforate,  bore. 

Ant. — Disorder,  confuse,  disarrange. 
Drive,  force,  urge,  press,  compel,  guide,  direct. 

Ant. — Draw,  pull,  hinder,  obstruct,  discourage. 
Droll,  funny,  laughable,  comic,  whimsical,  queer,  amusing, 

Ant. — Sad,  lugubrious,  funereal,  tragic. 
Drown,  inundate,  swamp,  submerge,  overwhelm,  engulf. 

Ant. — Dry,  drain,  expose,  air,  ventilate,  resuscitate. 
Drowsy,  sleep,  heavy,  dozy. 

Ant. — Awake,  alive,  alert,  vigilant. 

Dry   arid,  parched,   lifeless,   dull,   tedious,   uninteresting 
meagre. 

Ant.-~- Wet,  moist,  juicy,  fresh,  lively,  entertaining. 
Due,  owing  to,  attributable  to,  just,  fair,  proper,  right. 

Ant. — Undue,  irrelative,  independent,  unfair,  improper 
deficient. 


64  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Dull,  stupid,    blunt,  gloomy,   sad,  dismal,  commonplat* 
opaque,  cloudy. 

Ant. — Sharp,  clever,  lively,  animated,  bright,   brilliant, 

clear. 

Dupe.     See  CHEAT. 
Durable,  lasting,  permanent,  abiding,  continuing. 

Ant. — Perishable,  unstable,  transient,  evanescent. 
Dutiful.     See  OBEDIENT. 
Dwell,  stay,  stop,  abide,  sojourn,  linger,  tarry. 

Ant. — Move,  travel,  wander,  roam,  migrate,  flit. 
Dwindle,  pine,  waste,  diminish,  decrease,  fall  off. 

Ant. — Enlarge,  increase,  flourish,  develope,  augment. 


Eager,  hot,  ardent,  impassioned,  forward,  impatient 

Ant. — Listless,  cool,  indifferent,  sluggish. 
Early,  soon,  by  and  by,  shortly,  ere  long,  anon,  betimes. 

Ant. — Late,  backward,  tardy,  belated. 
Earn,  acquire,  obtain,  win,  gain,  achieve. 

Ant. — Steal,  lose,  spend,  waste,  forfeit,  forego. 
Earnest,  ardent,  serious,  grave,  solemn,  warm,  pledge. 

Ant. — Playful,  flippant,  idle,  irresolute,  indifferent. 
Ease,  calm,    alleviate,  allay,  mitigate,   appease,   assuage, 

pacify,  disburden,  rid. 

Ant. — Trouble,  annoy,  vex,  incommode,  excite. 
Eccentric,  irregular,  anomalous,  singular,  odd,  abnormal, 

wayward,  particular,  strange. 

Ant. — Regular,  ordinary,  customary,  normal,  usual. 
Eclipse,  shade,  overcast,  cloud,  overshadow. 

Ant. — Brighten,  enhance,  heighten. 
Economical,    sparing,   saving,   provident,   thr'fty,  frugal, 

careful,  niggardly. 
tfit. — Extravagant,    wasteful,    improvident,    generous, 

loose,  open-handed. 
Edge.     See  BORDER. 
Efface,  blot  out,  expunge,   obliterate,   wipe   out,    cancel, 

erase. 

Ant. — Restore,  revive,  portray,  delineate. 
Effect,    n.    consequence,    result,    issue,    event,    execution. 
operation. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  65 

Ant. — Cause,   antecedent,   source,  purpose,  reason,  mo- 
tive. 

Effect,  v.  accomplish,  fulfil,  realize,  achieve,  execute,  oper- 
ate, complete. 

Ant. — Prevent,  obviate,  mar,  frustrate. 
Effective,  efficient,  operative,  serviceable. 

Ant. — Weak,  ineffective,  futile,  inoperative. 
Effects.    See  PROPERTY. 
Effectual.    See  EFFECTIVE. 
Efficacy,  efficiency,  energy,  agency,  instrumentality. 

Ant. — Inefficiency,  uselessness. 

Efficient,    effectual,  effective,    competent,    capable,    able, 
fitted. 

Ant. — Inefficient,  useless,  unable,  unfitted,  incompetent, 
Eject,  thrust  out,  cast  out,  expel,  oust,  dislodge,  throw  out, 
dispossess. 

Ant. — Receive,  retain,  accept,  accommodate,  lodge,  wel- 
come, admit,  inject,  introduce. 
Elaborate,  labored,  studied. 

Ant. — Simple,  plain,  unstudied. 
Elapse,  lapse,  guide,  pass. 

Ant. — Wait,  abide,  hold,  continue. 
Elastic,  ductile,  flexible. 

Ant. — Inelastic,  rigid,  inflexible,  tough. 
Elementary,    primary,    rudimentary,    physical,    material, 
natural,  component,  constituent,  ultimate. 

Ant. — Enveloped,  organized,  immaterial,  incorporeal. 
Eligible,  fit,  desirable. 

Ant. — Ineligible,  unfit,  unworthy,  worthless. 
Eliminate,  drive  out,  expel,  thrust  out,  eject,  cast  out,  dis- 
lodge, banish,  proscribe. 

Ant. — Add,  import,  foist,  involve. 
Elucidate,  make  plain,  explain,  clear  up,  illustrate. 

Ant. — Mystify,  obscure,  confuse. 
Elude,  evade,  escape,  avoid,  shun. 

Ant. — Meet,  confront,  encounter,  defy. 
Embarrass.    See  PERPLEXED. 
Embellish.     See  ADORN. 
Embolden.    See  ENCOURAGE. 

Embrace,  clasp,  hug,  comprise,  comprehend,  contain,  in- 
clude, embody,  incorporate. 

Ant, — Exclude,  reject,  except. 


66  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Eminent.    See  ILLUSTRIOUS. 

Emit.     See  DISCHARGE. 

Emotion,  perturbation,  agitation,  trepidation,  tremor. 

Ant. — Insensibility, indifference,  impressiveness,  stoicism, 
Employ,  occupy,  busy,  take  up  with,  engross,  use,  apply. 

Ant. — Dismiss,  discard,  misuse. 

Employment,  business,  avocation,  engagement,  office , 
function,  trade,  profession,  occupation,  calling,  voca- 
tion. 

Ant. — Idleness,  slothfulness. 
Empty,  v.  evacuate,  exhaust,  drain,  draw  out. 

Ant. — Fill,  supply,  replenish,  glut,  swell,  increase. 
Empty,  a.  void,  devoid,  hollow,  unfilled,  unoccupied,  un- 
furnished. 

Ant. — Full,  supplied,  occupied,  inhabited, 
Enchanted,   charmed,   captivated,  fascinated,  spell-bound, 

transported,  enchained,  entranced,  electrified,  wrapt. 
Ant. — Disenchanted,  disgusted,  repelled,  horrified. 
Encircle.     See  ENCOMPASS. 
Enclose,  fence  in,  confine,  circumscribe. 
Ant. — Expose,  open,  disclose,  develop. 
Encompass,  encircle,  surround,  environ,  beset,  gird,  be- 
gird, invest. 

Ant. — Open,  disinclose,  disencircle. 

Encounter,  attack,  conflict,  combat,  assault,  onset,  engage- 
ment, battle,  action. 

Ant. — Escape,  retreat,  surrender,  defeat. 
Encourage,  countenance,  support,  foster,  cherish,  sanction, 
inspirit,  embolden,  animate,  cheer   incite,  urge,  imp".l. 
Ant. — Discourage,  dissuade,  deter  dispirit. 
End,  n.   See  AIM,  TERMINATE,  OBJECT. 
Endanger.     See  IMPERIL. 
Endeavor.     See  TRY. 

Endless,    everlasting,    perpetual,   deathless,   undying,   im- 
perishable, infinite,  interminable. 
Ant. — Terminable,    limited,    transient,    brief,    perodici, 

finite. 

Endorse.    See  RATIFY. 
Endue,  invest,  endow,  enrich,  store. 

Ant. — Denude,  strip,  deprive,  divest,  spoiliate. 
Endure,  last,  continue,  support,  bear,  sustain  .  suffer,  brook, 
submit  to,  undergo. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  6»t 

Ant. — Succumb,  stop,  give  way,  fail,  wane. 
Enemy.     See  ADVERSARY. 

Energetic,  effectual,  efficacious,   powerful    binding,  strin-. 
gent,  forcible,  nervous,  active. 

Ant. — Lazy,  slothful,  uneffectual,  weak,  slow. 
Energy,  force,  vigor,  efficacy,  potency,  strength 

Ant  — Laziness,  weakness,  slowness. 

Engage,  employ,  busy,   occupy,  attract,  invite,  allure,  tu> 
tertain,  engross,  take  up,  enlist. 

Ant. — Refuse,  dismiss,  discard,  disengage,  withdraw. 
Engagement,  word,  promise,  battle,   action,  combat,  con- 
flict. 

Ant. — Declination,  refusal,  dismissal,  skirmish,  retreat. 
Engulf.     See  SWALLOW. 
Enjoin,  order,  ordain,  appoint,  prescribe. 

Ant. — Release,  recall,  dispense,  dissuade. 
Enjoyment.     See  PLEASURE. 
Enlarge.     See  INCREASE. 
Enliven.     See  ANIMATE. 

Enmity,  invidiousness,  animosity,  hatred,  hostility,  ill-will, 
malignity,  maliciousness. 

Ant. — Love,  affection,  esteem,  cordiality. 
Enormous,  gigantic,   colossal,  huge,   vast,    immense,  pro- 
digious. 

Aid. — Diminutive,  insignificant,  trivial,  ordinary,  veniaL 
Enough,  sufficient,  plenty,  abundance. 

Ant. — Bare,  scant,  inadequate,  insufficient. 
Enraged,  enfuriated,  raging,  wrathful. 

Ant. — Soothed,  quiet,  tame,  pacified,  pacific,  Aiollified. 
Enrapture.     See  CAPTIVATE. 

Entangle,  embarrass,  inveigle,  implicate,  involve,  compro* 
mise,  ensnare,  entrap. 

Ant. — Disentangle,    unrave'    extricate. 
Enterprise,  adventure,  unde.  caking,  effort,  attempt. 

Ant. — Matter  of  fact,  indifference. 
Entertainment.     See  AMUSEMENT. 
Enthusiasm,  zeal,  ardor,  fervor,  warmth,  fervency. 

Ant. — Indifference,    coldness,    callousness,    repugnano* 

contempt. 

Entice.     See  ALLURE. 
Entire,  whole,  complete,  perfect,  total. 

Ant, — Partial,  incomplete,  broken,  impaired. 


68          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Entitled,  named,  designated,  denominated,  styled,  charac 
terized,  qualified,  fit. 

Ant. — Unentitled,  unfit,  disqualified,  disabled. 
Entrance,  entry,  inlet,  ingress,  porch,  portal. 

Ant. — Exit,  egress,  departure. 
Entreat,  beg,  crave,   solicit,  beseech,   implore,  supplicate. 

Ant. — Command,  insist,  order,  bid,  enjoin. 
Enumerate,  tell,  relate,  narrate,  recount,   specify,  detail, 
reckon. 

Ant. — Lump,  mass,  miscount,  confound. 
Envy,  invidiousness,  jealousy,  suspicion,  grudging. 

Ant. — Satisfaction,  generosity,  gratification. 
Epitome,    abridgment,   compendium,  abstract,  summary; 
digest. 

Ant. — Amplification,  expansion,  enlargement,  whole. 
Equal,  «.  fellow,  colleague,  companion,  peer,  compeer. 

Ant. — Inferior,  superior,  enemy,  opponent. 
Equal,  a.   equable,    even,  uniform,    alike,   adequate,   suf- 
ficient, compensating,  equivalent,  impartial. 

Ant. — Unequal,  uneven,  ununiform,  unalike,  inadequate 

insufficient. 
Equitable.     See  JUST. 
Era,     See  AGE. 
Erase,  scratch  out,  blot  out,  expunge,  efface,  cancel. 

Ant. — Insert,  mark,  add,  write,  delineate. 
Erect,  set  up,  raise,  elevate,  construct,  establish,  institute, 
found. 

Ant. — Lower,    depress,    overthrow,    demolish,    remove, 

destroy. 
Error,  mistake,  fallacy,  blunder,  hallucination,  fault. 

Ant. — Correct,  true,  proper,  honest. 
Escape,  elude,  evade. 

Ant. — Confront,  encounter,  meet,  incur. 
Escort.    See  ACCOMPANY. 

Especially,   particularly,   specially,    mainly,    principally, 
chiefly. 

Ant. — Generally,  universally,  commonly. 
Essay.     See  ATTEMPT. 
Essential,  necessary,  indispensible,  requisite,  vital, 

Ant. — Accidental,  unnecessary,  superfluous,  redundant. 
Establish,  institute,  found,  organize,  confirm,  settle,  fix. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  69 

Ant. — Disestablish,   unsettle,    overthrow,   upset,   refute/ 

suppose,  guess. 
Estate,  domain,  demesne,  lands,  property,  possessions. 

Ant. — Waste,  chattels,  comity,  goods,  effects. 
Esteem,  prize,   value,  appreciate,  respect,  regard,   rever- 
ence, venerate,  revere. 

Ant. — Dislike,  decry,  undervalue,  depreciate. 
Estimate.     See  CALCULATE. 
Eternal,  everlasting,  endless,  infinite,  perpetual,  deathless, 

immortal,  undying,  imperishable. 
Ant. — Temporal,  finite,  transient,  ephemeral. 
Evade.     See  ELUDE. 

Evasion,  shift,  subterfuge,    prevarication,  quibble,  equivo- 
cation. 

Ant. — Honesty,  uprightness,  frankness,  straightforward- 
ness. 

Even,  equal,  equable,  smooth,  plain,  level,  uniform. 
Ant. — Uneven,  unequal,  variable,  inclined,  abrupt. 
Event,  incident,   occurrence,   accident,    adventure,    issue, 

result,  consequence. 
Ant. — Cause,    antecedent,    operation,    inducement,    ten* 

dency. 

Ever,  always,  eternally,  everlastingly,  evermore,  aye,  pet* 
petual,  continually,  incessantly,  endless,  infinite.       ,   - 
Ant. — Never,  momentarily,  transiently. 
Everlasting.     See  EVER. 
Evidence,  «.  testimony,  deposition,  declaration. 

Ant, — Surmise,  conjecture,  concealment,  refutation. 
Evidence,  v.  manifest,  evince,  demonstrate,  exemplify. 

Ant. — Conceal,  surmise,  hide,  conjecture. 
Evident.     See  APPARENT. 
Evil,  ill,  wicked,  bad,  unfair,  mischievous,  harmful. 

Ant. — Good,  wholesome,  beneficial,  felicitous. 
Evince,  show,  argue,  prove,   evidence,  manifest,  demon- 
strate. 

Ant. — Conceal,  suppress,  negative. 
Evoke,   call   out,   invite,    summon,    challenge,    provoke, 

elicit,  produce. 

Ant. — Silence,  seal,  prevent,  stop,  allay,  stifle. 
Exact.     See  ACCURATE. 
Exaggerate,  overstated,  heightened,  amplified,  enlarged. 


70          A  DICTIONARY  OF    SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Understated,  mitigated,    modified,   qualified,   pal- 
liated. 
Exalt,  raise,  elevate,  erect,  lift  up,  dignify,  ennoble. 

Ant. — Debase,  lower,  depress,  dishonor,  defame. 
Examination,   search,  inquiry,  research,  scrutiny,  investi- 
gation. 

Ant. — Conjecture,  hazard,  guess. 

Example,    pattern,    sample,    model,  specimen,    copy,    in- 
stance. 

Ant. — Principle,  law,  rule,  system,  material,  substance. 
Exasperate.     See  IRRITATE. 
Exceed.     See  SURPASS. 
Except,  unless,  save,  saving,  but. 

Ant. — Counting,  including,  reckoning,  admitting. 
Excess,  superfluity,  redundance,  redundancy. 

Ant. — Deficiency,  shortcoming,  failure,  temperance. 
Excessive,  exorbitant,  extortionate,  unreasonable,  immod- 
erate, inordinate,  extravagant. 

Ant. — Insufficient,  scant,  inadequate. 
Exchange.     See  CHANGE. 
Excitable,  irritable,  susceptible. 

Ant. — Insensible,  composed,  quiet,  cool,   self-possessed. 
Excite,  incite,  arouse,  awaken,  stir  up,  disquiet,  disturb, 
agitate,  provoke,  irritate. 

Ant. — Allay,  calm,  sooth,  quiet,  pacify,  quell. 
Exclaim,  call  out,  shout,  cry,  ejaculate. 

Ant. — Write,  whisper,  sign,  intimate,  draw. 
Exclude,  shut  out,  debar,  preclude,  seclude. 

Ant. — Admit,  include,  open,  retain,  conserve. 
Exclusive,  sole,  only,  alone. 

Ant. — Comprehensive,  inclusive,  comity. 
Excursion,  trip,  ramble,  tour. 

Ant. — Rest,  peace,  quiet,  home. 
Excusable,  pardonable,  venial. 

Ant. — Inexcusable,  uupardonable. 

Excuse,   palliate,    mitigate,    acquit,   justify,   absolve,   dis- 
pense, exempt. 

Ant. — Exact,  charge,  compel,  condemn,  accuse. 
Execrable,    abominable,     detestable,    hateful,    accursed, 
cursed. 

Ant, — Laudable,  desirable,  eligible,  respectable. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  71 

Execute,  accomplish,  effect,  fulfill,  release,  achieve,  com- 
plete, finish. 

Ant. — Neglect,  omit,  drop,  nullify,  mar,  frustrate,  defeat. 
Exemption,  freedom,  immunity,  privilege. 

Ant. — Liability,  responsibility,  amenableness. 
Exercise,  exert,  practice,  pursue,  carry  on. 

Ant. — Rest,  ease,  relax,  respite. 
Exhale,  emit,  give  out,  smoke,  steam. 

Ant. — Absorb,  inhale. 
Exhaust,  spend,  drain,  empty,  deliberate. 

Ant. — Fill,  replenish,  augment,  invigorate,  refresh. 
Exhibition,  show,  sight,  spectacle,  pageant,  representation. 

Ant. — Concealment,  mark,  suppression,  secretion. 
Exile,  banishment,    deportation,   expatriation,    expulsion, 
proscription. 

Ant. — Reinstate,  recall,  welcome,  domesticate. 
Exonerate,  clear,  acquit,  absolve,  discharge,  justify. 

Ant. — Charge,  accuse,  condemn. 
Exorbitant.     See  EXCESSIVE. 

Expand,  spread,  diffuse,  dilate,  extend,   enlarge,  amplify, 
unfold,  develop. 

Ant. — Contract,  curtail,  restrict,  condense. 
Expectation,  expectancy,  waiting  for,  hope,  anticipation, 
confidence,  trust. 

Ant. — Realization,  verification,  exhibition. 
Expedient,  fit,  necessary,  essential,  requisite. 

Ant. — Inexpedient,  disadvantageous,  unfit. 
Expedite,  accelerate,  quicken,  hasten,  facilitate,  forward, 
advance. 

Ant. — Hinder,  retard,  delay,  obstruct,  restrain. 
Expel.     See  EJECT. 
Expend.     See  SPEND. 
Expensive,  costly,  dear,  valuable,  sumptuous. 

Ant. — Cheap,  poor,  worthless,  economical. 
Experience,  experiment,  trial,  proof,  test. 

Ant. — Conjecture,  theory,  hazard,  hypothesis,  intuition. 
Expert.     See  ADROIT. 
Expiration.     See  TERMINATION. 
Expire.    See  DIE. 
Explain,  expound,  interpret,  elucidate,  clear  up. 

Ant. — Mystify,  obscure,  confound,  misinterpret. 
Explanation.     See  EXPLAIN. 


Explicit,  express,  plain,  definitive,  positive,  determinate. 

Ant. — Implicit,  implied,  suggested,  limited,  obscure. 
Exploit.    See  ACHIEVEMENT. 
Expound.    See  EXPLAIN. 

Express,  a.  explicit,  plain,   positive,    definitive,  determin- 
ate, categorical. 

Ant. —  General,  vague,  undefined,  loose. 
Express,  v.  declare,  enunciate,  pronounce,  articulate,  de- 
note, utter,  signify,  testify,  intimate. 

Ant. — Hint,  conceal,  mystify,  obscure,  retain. 
Expressive.    See  SIGNIFICANT. 
Expunge.     See  ERASE. 
Exquisite,  pre-eminent,  superlative,  consummate. 

Ant. — Common,  coarse,  ordinary. 
Extend.     See  INCREASE. 

Extensive,  comprehensive,   wide,   large,    expansive,   dif- 
fusive. 

Ant. — Contracted,  limited,  restricted,  narrow. 
Exterior,  outward,  outer,  external. 

Ant. —  Interior,  heart,  core. 
Exterminate,  eradicate,  root  out,  annihilate,  extinguish. 

Ant. — Propogate,  populate,  increase,  augment. 
Extinguish,  abolish,  destroy,  extirpate,  eradicate,  kill. 

Ant. — Establish,    propogate,    promote,    fan,   encourage, 

aid,  replenish. 
Extort,  exact,  wrest,  wring,  draw  from. 

Ant. — Coax,  wheedle,  cajole,  cheat. 
Extract,  draw  out,  elicit,  pump. 

Ant. — Restore,  resist,  replace,  incorporate. 
Extraordinary,  remarkable,  signal,   eminent,  uncommon, 
peculiar,  marvelous. 

Ant. — Ordinary,  usual,  common,  frequent. 
Extravagant,  prodigal,   lavish,    profuse,  excessive,   wild, 
absurd. 

Ant. — Frugal,  economical,  careful,   rational,   consistent, 

sound. 
Extreme,  utmost,  furthest,  most  distant,  last,  extravagant. 

Ant. — Initial,  primal,  beginning,  moderate,  judicious. 
Extricate,    free,    disengage,     disentangle,    disembarrass, 
liberate. 

Ant, — -Involve,  emmesh,  en  com  pas,  encircle. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  73 

Exuberant,     plenteous,      plentiful,    luxuriant,    abundant, 
rich. 

Ant. — Scant,  deficient,  sparse,  mean. 
Exultation,  transport,  joy,  triumph,  elation. 

Ant. — Depression,  sorrow,  grief,  mournfulness, 


Faoric,  edifice,  structure,  pile,  web,  texture. 

Ant. — Destruction,  fragment,  wreck,  ruin,  rage. 
Fabricate,   invent,  frame,  feign,  forge,  coin,  make,  con- 
struct. 

Ant. — Narrate,  copy,  represent,  portray,  repeat,  demol- 
ish, spoil. 
Face,  front,  confront,  encounter. 

Ant. — Avoid,  escape,  shun,  elude. 
Facetious,  jocose,  jocular,  pleasant,  witty. 

Ant. — Grave,  serious,  dull,  lugubrious. 
Facile,  easy,  pliable,  flexible,  docile,  manageable. 

Ant. — Obstinate,  determined,  inflexible,  self-willed. 
Fact,  reality,  incident,    circumstance,  truth,  deed. 

Ant. — Fiction,    falsehood,    lie,   delusion,    invention,    ro 

mance,  supposition,  theory. 

Failing,  imperfection,    weakness,    frailty,    foible,    miscar 
riage,  mishap. 

Ant. — Virtue,  power,  vigor,  strength. 
Failure,  omission,  neglect,  default. 

Ant. — Success,  achievement. 
Faint,  languid,  weak,  low,  timid,  dim,  pale. 

Ant. — Strong,  vigorous,  fresh,  prominent,   conspicuous, 

_  glaring. 
Fair,  clear,  bright,  just,  honest,  equitable,  impartial. 

Ant. — Lowering,  dull,  cloudy,  gloomy,  foul,  ugly,  unfair, 

fraudulent,  dishonorable. 
Faith.     See  BELIEF. 
Faithless,  unfaithful,  falsehearted,  treacherous. 

Ant. — Faithful,  true,  firm,  loyal,  exact,  accurate,  close. 
Fall,  drop,  sink,  droop,  decline. 

Ant. — Rise,  ascend,  mount,  climb,  soar. 
False,  untrue,  mendacious. 

Ant. — True,  correct,  real,  genuine,  sound,  authentic. 
Falsehood,  untruth,  story,  lie,  fabrication,  fib,  falsity. 


74  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Truth,  fact,  verity,  reality,  honesty. 
Falter,  halt,  stammer,  stutter,  hesitate. 

Ant. — Persevere,  revolve,  proceed,  speed,  discourse. 
Fame,  reputation,  glory,  renown,  celebrity,  honor,  credit 

Ant. — Silence,  disgrace,  dishonor,  hush. 
Familiar,  free,  frank,  affable,  conversant,  intimate. 
Ant. — Unfamiliar,  new,  unacquainted,  rare,  strange,  un- 
common. 
Family,  household,  house,  lineage,  ancestry,  race. 

Ant. — Strangers,  foreigners. 
Famous.     See  FAME. 

Fanciful,  imaginative,  ideal,  fantastical,  whimsical,  capri- 
cious, grotesque,  erratic. 

Ant. — Natural,  regular,  sober,  orderly,  truthful,  literal. 
Fancy,  imagi nation,  notion,  conceit,   vagary,  frolic,  incli- 
nation, liking,  humor,  thought. 

Ant. — Reality,  fact,  law,  truth,  verity,  aversion,  honor 
Farewell,  good-by,  adieu,  leave-taking. 

Ant. — Welcome,  hail. 
Farther.     See  PROMOTE. 

Farthest,  most  distant,  extreme,  remotest,  utmost,  utter- 
most. 

Ant. — Nearest,  adjacent,  next,  adjoining,  neighboring. 
Fascinate.     See  CAPTIVATE. 

Fashion,  custom,  manner,  mode,  practice,  form,  usage. 
Ant. — Eccentricity,    strangeness,    shapelessness,    work 

dress. 

Fast,  firm,  solid,  constant,  steadfast,  stanch,  stable,  steady 
unyielding,  inflexible,  unswerving,  gay,  wild,  dissi 
pated. 

Ant. — Loose,  insecure,  slow,  tardy,  virtuous,  respectable. 
Fasten,  fix,  tie,  link,  stick,  hold,  affix,  attach,  annex. 

Ant. — Unfasten,  loose,  undo,  relax,  detach,  remove. 
Fat,  obese,  corpulent,  pursy,  unctuous,  rich. 

Ant. — Lean,  slender,  barren,  poor,  scant. 
Fatal,  deadly,  mortal,  lethal,  inevitable. 
Ant. — Beneficial,     wholesome,     nutritious,     salubrious, 

harmless. 

Fatigue,   weariness,  lassitude,    languor,    enervation,    ex- 
haustion. 
Ant. — Freshness,  vigor,  activity. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  75 

Fault,  blemish,  imperfection,  vice,  failure,  defect,  omis- 
sion. 

Ant. — Perfection,  correctness,  completeness. 
Favor,  benefit,  kindness,  civility,  grace,  gift,  boon. 

Ant. — Disfavor,  disapproval,  refusal,  denial,  prohibition. 
Fear,  fright,    terror,   dismay,    alarm,    dread,   trepidation 

consternation,  apprehension. 

Ant. — Boldness,  confidence,  courage,  trust,  assurance. 
Fearless.     See  COURAGEOUS. 
Fearful,  afraid,  timid,  nervous,    timorous,    terrific,    dread 

ful,  awful,  frightful,  horrible,  distressing,  shocking. 
Ant. — Fearless,  bold,  audacious,    confident,   hopeful,  al- 
luring, attractive. 
Fee,  charge,  bill,  account,  reckoning 

Ant. — Favor,  gift. 

Feeble,  weak,  infirm,  nerveless,  forceless,  failing,  frail, 
enfeebled,  debilitated,  enervated,  impotent,  paralyzed, 
palsied. 

Ant. — Strong,  robust,  active,  effective,  successful. 
Feeling,  emotion,  sentiment,  impression,   sensation,  con- 
sciousness, sensibility. 

Ant. — Insensibility,    coldness,    callousness,    imperturb- 
ability. 

Feign.     See  PRETEND. 

Felicity,  happiness,  bliss,  "blessedness,  beatitude,  blissful- 
ness. 

Ant. — Unhappiness,  sadness,  gloominess,    wretchedness. 
Fell,  cruel,  inhuman,  barbarous,   merciless,   ruthless,   piti- 
less, remorseless,  relentless,  savage,  ferocious,  brutal. 
Ant. — Generous,     chivalrous,    humane,     lenient,   propi- 
tious. 

Fellow,  comrade,  equa.,  companion,  colleague,  mate. 
Ant. — Foe,  stranger,  opponent,  opposite,  antagonist. 
Fellowship,    brotherhood,     society,     companionship,    ac- 
quaintance, familiarity,  intimacy. 
Ant. — Severance,  enmity,  vendetta,  disconnection. 
Ferocious,  fierce,  savage,   ravenous,  voracious,  cruel,  in- 
human, fell,  barbarous,  furious. 
Ant. — Gentle,  docile,  tame,  harmless,  calm,  mild. 
Fertile,  fruitful,  prolific,   teeming,   pregnant,  productive, 
rich\  luxuriant. 


76  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Sterile,    barren,    unfruitful,    unproductive,    unim« 

maginative. 

Fervid,  glowing,  ardent,  impassioned,  fervent,  warm. 
Ant. — Passionless,    cool,    apathetic,    indifferent,    phleg- 
matic. 
Festal,  festive,  convivial,  joyous,  gay. 

Ant. — Gloomy,  deserted,  solitary,  sad,  ascetic. 
Festivity.     See  FESTAL. 

Feud,  fray,  affray,  boil,  quarrel,  dispute,  enmity,  strife. 
Ant. — Friendless,  clanship,  sympathy,  reconciliation. 
Fickle,    unstable,   inconstant,     restless,     fitful,    variable, 

changeable. 
Ant. — Reliable,     stable,     unchangeable,     steady,     trust* 

worthy,  uniform. 
Fiction,  romance,  invention,  falsehood,  fabrication. 

Ant. — Fact,  truth,  verity,  reality. 
Fictitious.     See  FICTION. 

Fidelity,  faithfulness,  honesty,  integrity,  exaction. 
Ant. — Treachery,  disloyalty,    untruthfulness,   infidelity. 

inaccuracy. 
Fiendish,  diabolic,  demoniacal,  devilish. 

Ant. — Angelic,  divine,  celestial. 
Fierce.    See  FURIOUS. 

Fiery,  hot,  glowing,  ardent,  fervid,   impassioned,  passion- 
ate, impassionate,  fervent,  vehement. 
Ant.-— Cold,  icy,  tame,  passionless,  mild,  quenched. 
Fight,  battle,  action,  engagement,  combat,  conflict,  contest 

encounter,  contention,  struggle. 
Ant. — Pacification,  reconciliation,  truce,  retreat. 
Figure,    image,    allegory,   emblem,    type,    symbol,    form, 

shape. 

Ant. — Misrepresentation,  disfigurement,  deformity. 
Fill,  satisfy,  content,  store,  replenish,  glut,  gorge,  stuff. 
Ant. — Empty,  drain,  exhaust,  diminish,  subside,  ebb. 
Filthy,  dirty,  dingy,  unclean,  gross. 

Ant. — Pure,  sweet,  clean. 

Final,  ending,  ultimate,  last,  latest,  conclusive,  decisive. 
Ant. — Inaugural,    incipient,     rudimentary,    progressive, 

current. 

Finale.    See  END. 

Fine,  refined,  delicate,  pure,  nice,  handsome,  pretty,  beau- 
tiful, elegant,  showy,  subtle,  minute. 


AN1>  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  77 

Ant. — Coarse,  large,  rough,  blunt,  rude,  illiberal,  paltry, 

unaffected. 
Finite,  limited,  bounded,  terminable. 

Ant. — Infinite,  unlimited,  eternal,  boundless. 
Firm,  strong,  robust,  sturdy,  fast,   steadfast,  stable,  solid. 
Ant. — Loose,  insecure,  weak,  irresolute,  indulgent,  waver- 
ing, unreliable. 
First,  primary,  primitive,  pristine,  primeval,  original. 

Ant. — Last,  subordinate,  subsequent,  hindmost. 
Fit,  -v .  suit,  adapt,  adjust,  equip,  prepare,  qualify. 

Ant. — Misfit,  unsuit,  misadjust,  disqualify. 
Fit,  a.  apt,  suitable,  meet,  befitting,  becoming,  decent,  de- 
corous, expedient. 

Ant. — Unfit,  unsuitable,  inadequate,  inappropriate,  inex- 
pedient, unbecoming. 
Fitful,  fickle,  unstable,   unsteadfast,  inconstant,  mutable, 

versatile,  restless. 

Ant. — Regular,  systematic,  orderly,  sober,  equable. 
Fix,  v.  fasten,  tie,  link,  enlink,  attach,  stick,  settle,  estab- 
lish, determine,  define. 

Ant. — Unfix,  displace,  unfasten,  untie,    unsettle,    disar- 
range, remove,  disturb,  change,  transfer. 
Flagitious,  disgraceful,  scandalous,  heinous,  monstrous. 
Ant. — Honorable,    creditable,    meritorious,    pardonable, 

excusable. 
Flashy,  showy,  ostentatious,  gaudy,  pompous,  tawdry. 

Ant. — Subdued,  dull,  colorless,  dim. 
Flat,  level,  horizontal,  even,  insipid,  mawkish,  dull,  spirit* 

less,  tasteless,  lifeless. 
Ant. — Hilly,    rolling,    uneven,    mountainous,    exciting^ 

thrilling. 
Flattery,  adulation,  servility,  cajolery. 

Ant. — Insult,  rebuke,  reprimand,  satire,  censure. 
Flavor,  taste,  relish,  savor. 

Ant. — Tastelessness,  insipidity. 
Flaw,     See  DEFECT. 
Fleeting,    temporary,    transient,     transitory,    shortlived, 

ephemeral. 

Ant. — Lasting,  permanent,  longlived,  eternal. 
Fleetness,  quickness,  celerity,  swiftness,  speed,  rapidity, 
velocity. 


78          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Slowness,    tardiness,  inertness,  sluggishness,  lazi- 
ness. 
Flicker,  flutter,  quiver,  waver,  glimmer. 

Ant. — Blaze,  gleam,  shine,  stream. 
Flexible,  pliant,  lithe,  supple,  ductile. 

Ant. — Rigid,  inflexible,  hard,  tough,  inelastic. 
Flightiness,  levity,  lightness,  giddiness. 

Ant. — Gravity,  heaviness,  sobriety. 
Flimsy,  light,  weak,  superficial,  shallow. 

Ant. — Solid,  sound,  substantial,  cogent,  strong. 
Fling,  cast,  throw,  hurl,  toss. 

Ant. — Hold,  keep,  retain,  grasp,  snatch,  arrest. 
Flippancy,  pertness,  sauciness,  lightness. 

Ant. — Respect,   gravity,    sobriety,  flattery,    obsequious, 

ness. 
Flock,  throng,  crowd,  swarm,  shoal,  congregate,  assemble, 

Ant. — Separate,  disperse,  scatter. 

Flood,  deluge,  inundation,   overflow,  submersion,  drown- 
tng. 

Ant. — Drought,  scarcity,  drain,  ebb,  subsidence. 
Flourish,  thrive,  prosper,  wave,  brandish. 

Ant. — Decay,  decline,  fade,  arrest,  sheath,  ground. 
Flowery,  florid,  ornate,  embellished. 

Ant. — Bare,  nude,  sober,  chaste. 
Fluctuate,  waver,  hesitate, oscillate,  scruple,  change. 

Ant. — Persist,  abide,  stay,  stick,  adhere. 
Fluent,  flowing,  glib,  voluble,  unembarrassed,  ready. 

Ant. — Labored,  strained,  dribbling,  difficult,  unready. 
Fly,  soar,  mount,  tower. 

Ant. — Crawl,  sink,  decline,  descend. 
Foe.     See  ADVERSARY. 
Foil,  balk,  defeat,  frustrate,  baffle. 

Ant. — Aid,  abet,  assist,  promote,  advance,  encourage. 
Fold,  wrap,  envelop. 

Ant. — Unfold,  disengage,  expose. 
Follow,  succeed,  ensue,  imitate,  copy,  pursue. 

Ant. — Lead,  precede,  disobey,  avoid,  elude,  cause. 
Follower,  partisan,  disciple,  retainer,  pursuer,  successor 

Ant. — Leader,  teacher,  rival,  antagonist. 
Folly,  silliness,  foolishness,  imbecility,  weakness. 

Ant. — Wisdom,  prudence,  sense,  judgment. 
Fond,  enamored,  attached,  affectionate,  loving. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  79 

Ant. — Unloving,  averse,  austere,  sensible. 
Pood,  meal,  repast,  victuals,  meat,  viands,  diet. 

Ant. — Drink,  want,  starvation,  hunger. 
Fool,  idiot,  buffoon,  zany,  clown. 

Ant. — Philosopher,  student,  scholar. 
Foolery.     See  FOLLY. 

Foolish,  simple,  silly,  irrational,  brainless,  imbecile,  crazy, 
absurd,  preposterous,  ridiculous,  nonsensical. 

Ant. — Sensible,  wise,  sane,  sagacious,  prudent,  judicious, 

advisable. 
Foppish,  dandified,  dressy. 

Ant. — Modest,  dowdy,  slovenly,  unaffected. 
Forage,  spoil,  pillage,  depredate,  plunder. 

Ant. — Purchase,  buy,  protect,  shield. 
Forbear,  abstain,  refrain,  withhold. 

Ant. — indulge,  seek. 
Force,  v.  compel,  coerce,  oblige,  necessitate. 

Ant. — Persuade,  ask,  coax. 

Force,  n.  strength,  vigor,  dint,  might,  energy,  power,  vio- 
lence, army,  host,. 

Ant. — Weakness,  feebleness,  inefficiency,  debility. 
Forcible,  strong,  vigorous,  energetic,  effective,  operative, 
powerful,  cogent,  irresistible. 

Ant. — Weak,    feeble,    inefficient,    disabled,    ineffective. 

tame. 
Forebode,  pretsage,  portend,  augur. 

Ant. — Doubt,  confess,  consult,  admit. 

Forecast,  forethought,  foresight,  premeditation,  prognosti- 
cation. 

Ant. — Result,  effect  end,  record. 
Forego.     See  ABANDON. 

Foregoing,     antecedent,    anterior,    preceding,    previous, 
prior,  formes, 

Ant. — Subsequent,  succeeding,  latter. 
Forerunner,  herald,  harbinger,  precursor,  omen. 

Ant. — Successor,  follower,  issue,  result. 
Foresight,  forethought,  forecast,  premeditation. 

Ant. — Result,  record,  guess,  hazard,  issue. 
Foretell.     See  PREDICT. 

Forge,  coin,  invent,  frame,  feign,  fabricate,  counterfeit, 
falsify. 


So          A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Detect,    expose,    shatter,    batter,    shiver,    blast; 

verify. 
Forget,  lose,  overlook. 

Ant. — Remember,  recollect,  retain,  treasure,  learn. 
Forgive.     See  PARDON. 
Forlorn.     See  FORSAKEN. 

Form,  n.  ceremony,  solemnity,  observance,  rite,  figure 
shape,  conformation,  fashion,  appearance,  representa- 
tion, semblance. 

Ant. — Informality,  illegality,  mockery,  distortion. 
Form,  v.  make,   create,  produce,  constitute,  arrange,  fash. 

ion,  mold,  shape,  frame. 
Ant. — Deform,    derange,    dislocate,    distort,    dissipate, 

analyze. 
Formal,    ceremonious,  precise,    exact,    stiff,    methodical, 

affected,  regular,  correct. 
Ant. — Informal,  easy,   unceremonious,    incomplete,    in. 

correct. 
Former,  antecedent,  anterior,  previous,   prior,  preceding 

foregoing. 

Ant. — Latter,  succeeding,  subsequent,  posterior,  future. 
Formidable,  terrible,  dreadful,  fearful,  shocking,  horrible. 

Ant. — Contemptible,  despicable,  weak,  trivial. 
Forsake.     See  ABANDON. 
Forsaken,    abandoned,   forlorn,  deserted,  desolate,  lone, 

lonesome. 
Ant. — Cherished,    protected,    defended,    pursued,    sup. 

ported,  upheld. 
Forthwith,    immediately,     directly,    instantly,     instanta. 

neously. 

Ant. — Soon,  presently,  by  and  by,  hereafter. 
Fortify,  strengthen,  garrison,  reinforce,  intrench. 

Ant. — Weaken,  invalidate,  dismantle. 

Fortitude,  endurance,   resolution,  fearlessness,  dauntless- 
ness. 

Ant. — Timidity,  faintness,  delicacy,  effeminacy. 
Fortunate,    lucky,    happy,     auspicious,    prosperous,   suc« 

cessful. 

Ant. — Unfortunate,  unlucky,  unhappy. 
Fortune.     See  CHANCE. 

Forward,  a.  onward,  progressive,  confident,  presumpttt« 
ous,  bold,  imprudent- 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  81' 

Ant. — Backward,     slow,     tardy,     indifferent,     retiring, 

modest. 
Forward,  v.  farther,  further,  advance,  promote,  prefer. 

Ant. — Deter,  retard,  retain,  hinder,  obstruct. 
Foster.     See  CHERISH. 
Foul.     See  DIRTY. 
Found,  ground,   base,   rest,  build,   institute,   establish,  set 

up. 

Ant. — Uproot,  disestablish,  subvert,  overthrow,  demolish. 
Foundatiou,  ground,  basis,  groundwork,  establishment. 

Ant. — Superstructure,  building,  disestablishment. 
Fractious,  cross,  petulant,  touchy,  captious,  testy  peevisV 

fretful,  splenetic. 

'«/. — Good-humored,  agreeable,  genial,  blithesome. 
Fragile,  brittle,  frail,  delicate,  feeble. 
Ant. — Tough,  hardy,  stout,  strong. 
Fragment,  piece,  scrap,  chip,  remains,  remnant. 

Ant. — Bulk,  body,  mass,  whole. 
Fragrant,  spicy,  sweet-scented,  balmy,  perfumed. 

Ant. — Malodorous,  stinking,  fetid,  scentless. 
Fraility.     See  WEAKNESS. 
Frame.     See  FORM. 
Franchise,   right,    exemption,    immunity,    privilege 

dom,  suffrage. 
Ant. — Obligation,    disqualification,    disaojl'.ty, 

tion. 
Frank,  artless,  candid,  sincere,  free,  easy,  familiar,  open, 

ingenuous,  plain. 

Ant. — Disingenuous,  close,  reserved,  taciturn. 
Frantic,  distracted,  mad,  furious,  raving,  frenzied. 

Ant. — Sane,  sober,  calm,  collected,  composed,  unruffled. 
Fraternize,  co-operate,  consort,  associate  with. 

Ant. — Oppose,  renounce,  abjure,  foreswear. 
Fraud.     See  DECEPTION. 
Fray.     See  AFFRAY. 

Free,  a.  liberal,  generous,  bountiful,  bounteous,  munifi- 
cent, frank,  artless,  candid,  familiar,  open,  unconfirm* 
ed,  unreserved,  unrestricted,  exempt,  clear,  loose, 
easy,  careless. 

Ant. — Illiberal,     biased,     bound,     shackled,     restricted 
clogged,  impeded,  subject,  liaole,  amenable,  qualified, 


83          A  DICTIONARY  OF    SYNONYMOUS 

Free,  v.  release,  set  free,  deliver,  rescue,   liberate,  enfran- 
chise, emancipate,  exempt. 

Ant. — Bind,  shackle,  restrict,  clog,  hinder,    enslave,  dis- 
enfranchise, confine. 
Freedom,  liberty,    independence,   unrestraint,   familiarity, 

license,  franchise,  exemption,  privilege. 
Frequent,  often,  common,  usual,  general. 

Ant. — Rare,  few,  solitary,  scanty,  casual,  infrequent. 
Fresh,  new,  novel,  recent,  modern,  blooming,  ruddy. 

Ant. — Stale,  old,  weary,  stagnant,  faded,   decayed,   pal- 

lid,  sickly,  musty,  putrid,  former. 
Fret,  gall,  chafe,  agitate,  irritate,  vex. 

Ant. — Soothe,  console. 
Fretful.  See  FRACTIOUS. 
Friendly,  amicable,  social,  sociable,  kindly. 

Ant. — Hostile,  inimical,  adverse,  antagonistic. 
Fright.     See  ALARM. 
Frighten,  scare,  affright,  dismay,  appal,  terrify,  daunt. 

Ant. — Compose,  reassure,  allay,  soothe,  rally,  embolden. 
Frightful,  fearful,  dreadful,   dire,   direful,   terrific,    awful, 
horrible,  horrid. 

Ant. — Pleasing,  attractive,  fair,  beautiful,  lovely. 
Frivolous,  trifling,  trivial,  petty,  silly. 

Ant. — Serious,  earnest,  grave  important. 
Frolic   gambol,  play,  game,  sport,  prank,  spree,  lark. 

Ant. — Occupation,  work,  business,  study,  purpose. 
Front.     See  FACE. 

Forward,  cross,  untoward,    captious,    fractious,   perverse, 
peevish. 

Ant. — Agreeable,  obedient,  docile,  amenable. 
Frugal,  provident,  economical,  saving,  temperate. 

Ant. — Intemperate,  profuse,  extravagant,  self-indulgent. 
Fruitful,  fertile,  prolific,  productive,  abundant,  plentiful. 

Ant. — Unfruitful,  barren,  sterile,  useless,  fruitless. 
Frustrate,  defeat,  foil,  baulk,  disappoint. 

Ant. — Aid,  abet,    forward,    push,    incite,    instigate.    en» 

courage. 
Fulfill,  accomplish,  complete,  effect. 

Ant. — Neglect,  ignore,  disappoint,  falsify. 
Fullness.     See  ABUNDANCE. 
Fulsome,  coarse,  gross,  sickening,  offensive,  rank. 

Ant, — Chaste,  sober,  nice,  delicate. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  83 

Fun.     See  HUMOR. 

Funereal,  dismal,  dark,  mournful, 

Ant. — Festive,  joyous,  lively. 

Furious,  violent,  boistrous,  vehement,  dashing,  sweeping, 
rolling,  impetuous,  frantic,  distracted,  stormy,  angry, 
raging,  fierce. 

Ant. — Calm,  sober,  quiet,  composed,  sane,  dull,  unruffled. 
Furniture.     See  EFFECTS. 
Further.     See  ADVANCE. 
Fury.     See  ANGER. 
Futile,  trifling,  trivial,  frivolous,  useless. 

Ant. — Effective,  powerful,  cogent,  useful,  solid, 

G. 

Gaiety,  merriment,  jollity,  mirth,  hilarity. 

Ant. — Sadness,  sorrow,  melancholy,  gravity. 
Gain.  n.  profit,  emolument,  advantage,  benefit,   winnings, 
earnings. 

Ant. — Loss,  forfeiture,  disadvantage,  failure. 
Gain,  v.  get,   acquire,  obtain,  attain,   procure,   earn,  win, 
achieve,  reap,  release,  reach. 

Ant. — Lose,  forfeit,  suffer,  fail. 
Gainsay,  contradict,  deny,  dispute. 

Ant. — Affirm,  verify,  conform,  attest,  witness. 
Gallant,  brave,  bold,   courageous,  gay,   fine,  showy,  intre- 
pid, fearless,  heroic. 

Ant. — Cowardly,  churlish,  discourteous,  rude,  coarse. 
Gallantry,  prowess,  courage,  bravery,  valor,  heroism,  bold- 
ness, fearlessness,  politeness. 

Ant. — Cowardice,  timidity,  rudeness,  barbarity. 
Galling.     See  IRRITATING. 
Gambol,  frisk,  prank,  play,  spree,  caper. 

Ant. — Droop,  flag,  tire,  wean,  work,  study. 
Game,  play,  pastime,  diversion,  sport,  amusement. 

Ant. — Toil,  work,  business,  duty,  study,  labor. 
Gang.     See  COMPANY. 

Gap,  breach,  chasm,  hollow,  cavity,  cleft,  crevice,  rift, 
chink. 

Ant. — Contrivance,  connection,  sequence. 
Garble,  mutilate,  misquote,  distort,  pervert,  falsify. 

Ant. — Quote,  cite,  extract,  recite. 


84  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Garnish,  embellish,  adorn,  beautify,  deck,  decorate 

Ant. — Denude,  strip,  dismantle,  spoil,  mark. 
Gather.     See  COLLECT. 
Gaudy,  showy,  tawdry,  gay,  glittering,  bespangled. 

Ant. — Rich,  simple,  handsome,  chaste. 

Gaunt,  emaciated,  scraggy,  shinny,  meagre,  lank,  attena. 
ated.  spare,  lean,  thin. 

Ant. — Sleek,  fat,  well-fed,  unctuous. 
Gawky.     See  AWKWARD. 
Gay,  cheerful,  merry,  lively,  jolly,  sprightly,  blithe. 

Ant. — Sad,  melancholy,  grave,  heavy,  sombre,  dull. 
Generate.     See  MAKE. 
Generation,  formation,  race,  breed,  stock,  kind,  age,  era. 

Ant. — Eternity,  immortality,  perpetuity. 
Generous,  beneficent,  noble,  honorable,  bountiful,  liberal. 

Ant. — Stingy,  mean,  selfish,  illiberal,  ignoble. 
Genial,  cordial,  hearty,  festive,  joyous,  warm. 

Ant. — Ungenial,  cold,  distant,  harsh,  deadly. 
Genius,  talent,  taste,  nature,  character,  cleverness. 

Ant. — Stupidity,  imbecility,  stolidity,  inanity. 
Gentle,  placid,  mild,  meek,  tame,  bland,  docile. 

Ant. — Rough,  rude,  harsh,  coarse,  fierce,  savage. 
Genuine,  real,  true,  unaffected,  sincere,  authentic,  veritable. 

Ant. — Spurious,  fictitious,  adulterated,  false. 
Germane,  relative,  allied,  related,  pertinent. 

Ant. — Foreign,  alien,  irrelevant,  unconnected. 
Gesture.     See  ATTITUDE. 
Get,  obtain,  earn,  gain,  attain,  procure,  achieve. 

Ant. — Lose,  forfeit,  surrender,  forego. 
Ghastly,  pallid,  wan,  hideous,  grim,  shocking. 

Ant. — Ruddy,  blooming,  fresh,  comely,  buxom. 
Ghost,  specter,  sprite,  apparition,  shade,  phantom. 

Ant. — Substance,  body,  animal,  organism. 
Gibe,  scoff,  sneer,  flout,  jeer,  mock,  taunt,  deride. 

Ant. — Salute,  compliment,  bail,  welcome,  greet. 
Giddy,  unsteady,  flighty,  thoughtless,  lofty. 

Ant. — Steady,  stationary,   wary,    composed,  slow,   pon- 
derous, thankful,  low. 
Gift,  donation,    benefaction,  grant,   alms,  gratuity,    booa 

present,  faculty,  talent. 

Ant. — Earnings,  purchase,  compensation,  remuneration, 
forfeit,  surrender,  stupidity,  inanity. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  85 

Gigantic.     See  ENORMOUS. 

Gild.     See  ADORN. 

Gird,  belt,  encircle,  enclose,  engird. 

Ant. — Open,  expand,  ungird,  disclose. 
Give,  grant,  bestow,  confer,  yield,  impart. 

Ant. — Withhold,  retain,  refuse,  deny,  withdraw. 
Glad,  pleased,  cheerful,  joyful,  gladsome,  gratified,  cheer- 
ing. 

Ant. — Sorry,  unhappy,  dismal,  despondent. 
Glare,  flare,  glisten,  glitter,  dazzle,  gleam. 

Ant. — Flicker,  glimmer,  sparkle,  scintillate. 
Gleam.     See  GLARE. 
Glee.     See  GAIETY. 
Glib,  voluble,  fluent,  flowing,  ready,  flippant. 

Ant. — Stammering,  slow,  hesitating,  abrupt,  rough. 
Glide,  slip,  slide,  run,  roll  on. 

Ant. — Jump,  skip,  hop,  tumble,  stumble,  soar,  fall. 
Glimmer.    See  FLICKER. 
Glimpse,  glance,  look,  glint. 

Ant. — Scrutiny,  analysis,    investigation,    inspection,  ex- 
posure. 

Glitter.     See  FLICKER. 

Gloom,  cloud,  darkness,  dimness,  blackness,  dullness,  sad- 
ness. 

Ant. — Light,  brightness,  radiance,  clearness. 
Glorify,  magnify,   celebrate,   adore,   exalt,  elevate,  honor. 

Ant. — Debase,  degrade,   decry,  defame,   censure,  abuse. 
Glorious,  famous,  renowned,  celebrated,  illustrious,  distin- 
guished, conspicuous,  noble,  exalted,  grand. 

Ant. — Degraded,    infamous,     unknown,     debased,     dis- 
honored. 
Glory,  honor,  fame,  renown,  splendor,  grandure. 

Ant. — Ignominy,  dishonor,  degradation,  obscurity. 
Glowing.     See  HOT, 

Glut,  gorge,  stuff,  cram,  cloy,   satiate,  block  up,  fill  to  re- 
pletion, inundate. 

Ant. — Empty,  drain,  draw  off. 
Go,  depart,  proceed,  move,  budge,  stir. 

Ant. — Come,  stand,  stay,  abide,  remain,  persist,  endure. 
Good,  n.  benefit,  weal,  advantage,  profit,  boon. 

Ant. — Hurt,     evil,     injury,      detriment      disadvantage, 
calamity,  infliction. 


/86  A  DIG  TIONA  RY  OF  S  YNON  YMO  US 

Good,  a.  virtuous,    righteous,    upright,    just,  true,   pious,' 

efficient,  reputable. 
Ant. — Bad   evil,    wrong,    mean,    disgraceful,    unperfect, 

victous,  invalid,  fictitious. 
Goodly,  comely,  pleasant,  graceful,  desirable,  considerable. 

Ant. — Unpleasant,  undesirable,  inconsiderable,  small. 
Gorge.      See  GLUT. 

Gorgeous,  superb,  grand,  magnificent,  splendid. 
Ant. — Dowdy,  dingy,  bare,  cheap,  poor,  mean. 
Govern,  rule,  manage,  command,  direct. 

Ant. — Misgovern,  misrule,  misdirect,  tyrranize. 
Government,    rule,  administration,    cabinet,   constitution, 

state,  control,  sway. 
Ant. — Anarchy,  revolution,  rebellion. 
Graceful,  becoming,  elegant,  beautiful,  comely. 

Ant. — Ungraceful,  awkward,  deformed,  gawky. 
Gracious,  merciful,  beneficent,  courteous,  merciful,  civil. 

Ant. — Haughty,  ungracious,  churlish. 
Gradual,  slow,  progressive. 
Ant. — Sudden,     instanstaneous,     intermittent,    broken, 

periodic. 

Grand,  majestic,  stately,  dignified,  lofty,  elevated,  exalted, 
splendid,  gorgeous,  superb,  magnificent,  sublime, 
pompous. 

Ant. — Small,  little,   inferior,   common,  paltry,   insignifi- 
cant, undignified,  petty,  unimposing. 
Grant,  bestow    impart,   give,   yield,  cede,  allow,   confer, 

invest. 

Ant. — Withhold,  deny,  withdraw,  reserve. 
'Graphic,  forcible,  pictorial,  telling,  picturesque,  vivid. 

Ant. — Weak,  unpicturesque,  undescriptive. 
Grasp,  catch,  seize,  gripe,  clasp,  grapple. 
Ant. — Loose,    lose,   abandon,    relinquish,    release,   sur- 
render. 
Grasping,  greedy,  avaricious,  covetous,  miserly. 

Ant. — Generous,  benevolent,  philanthropic. 
Grateful,  agreeable,  pleasing,  welcome,  thankful. 

Ant. — Ungrateful,  unacceptable, disagreeable  unpleasant. 
Gratification,  enjoyment,  pleasure,  delight,  reward. 

Ant. — Abstinence,  abnegation,  stinting,  pain,  dislike. 
Grave,  serious,  sedate,  thoughtful,  solemn,   sober,  import- 
ant, weighty,  pressing,  heavy. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  87 

Ant. — Joyous,  merry,  irivolous,  facetious,  light,  trivial. 
Gravity,  weight,  heaviness,  importance,  moment,  serious- 
ness. 

Ant. — Lightness,buoyancy,  smallness,  frivolity, triviality. 
Great,    big,    huge,    large,    majestic,    vast,    grand,    noble, 

august. 
Ant. — Little,   narrow,   puny,  few,   scanty,   short,   mean, 

ignoble,  weak. 
Greediness,  avidity,  eagerness,  voracity. 

Ant. — Abstinence,  temperance,  indifference,  content. 
Grief.     See  SORROW. 
Grieve,  mourn,  lament,  sorrow,  pain,  hurt,  wound,  bewail. 

Ant. — Exult,  rejoice,  ease,  console,  soothe. 
Gr*»vious,  painful,  afflicting,  heavy,  baneful,  unhappy,  dis- 
astrous, calamitous. 

Ant. — Joyous,  pleasant,  glad,  acceptable,  light. 
Gripe,  catch,  seize,  clutch,  grasp,  press,  squeeze,  pinch. 

Ant. — Abandon,  relax,  soothe,  ease,  relieve. 
Grisly.     See  GHASTLY. 

Gross,  coarse,  outrageous,  unseemly,  shameful,  indelicate, 
entire,  whole. 

Ant. — Pure,  refined,  partial,  net. 
Ground.     See  ESTABLISH. 
Groundless,  unfounded,  baseless,  ungrounded,  gratuitous. 

Ant. — Well-founded,  authoritative,  authentic,  substantial. 
Group.     See  ASSEMBLY. 
Grovel,  crawl,  cringe,  fawn,  sneak. 

Ant. — Soar,  aspire,  mount,  rise, 
Grow,  increase,  vegetate,  expand,  advance. 

Ant. — Disminish,  contract,  die,  wane,  fail. 
Growl,  grumble,  snarl,  murmur,  complain. 

Ant. — Chuckle,  cackle,  grin,  acquiesce,  purr. 
Grudge,  malice,  rancor,  spite,  pique,  hatred,  aversion. 

Ant. — Welcome,  liking,  affection,  attachment. 
Gruff,  rough,  rugged,  blunt,  rude,  harsh,  surly,  bearish. 

Ant. — Affable,  courteous,  smooth,  mild. 
Grumble.     See  GROWL. 
Guard,  v.     See  PROTECT. 
Guard,  n.     See  PROTECTION. 
Guess.     See  SURMISE. 

Guide,   lead,    conduct    Direct,   regulate,  manage,  superin- 
tend 


88  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Mislead,  misconduct,  betray,  deceive. 
Guile,  deceit,  fraud,  artifice,  trickery. 

Ant. —  Honesty,  candor,  sincerity,  frankness. 
Guilt,  crime,  offense,  sin. 

Ant. — Honesty,    truth,    frankness,    straightforwardness, 

virtue. 
Guise,  manner,  aspect,  mien,  habit,  dress. 

Ant. — Individual,  life,  mind,  soul,  self. 
Gull.     See  CHEAT. 
Gush,  stream,  flow,  rush,  spout. 

Ant. — Drip,  drop,  dribble,  trickle,  ooze,  filter. 
Gust,  breeze,  blast,  gale,  squall. 

Ant. — Calm,  quiet. 

H 

Habiliments.     See  DRESS. 
Habit.    See  CUSTOM. 
Habitation.     See  ABODE. 

Habitual,  usual,  customary,  accustomed,  wonted,  regular, 
ordinary. 

Ant. — Unusual,  rare,    exceptional,    occasional,    extraor- 
dinary. 
Hail,  greet,  salute,  welcome,  accost,  call. 

Ant. — Ignore,  pass,  cut,  avoid. 
Hale.     See  HEALTHY. 
Hallow,  consecrate,  sanctify,  venerate,  dedicate,  enshrine. 

Ant. — Desecrate,  profane,  abominate,  execrate. 
Halt,  rest,  pause,  falter,  limp,  hop,  hobble. 

Ant. — Advance,  speed,  proceed,  progress. 
Handle,  manage,  use,  wield,  feel. 

Ant. — Drop,  mismanage,  bungle,  abstain. 
Handsome,  pretty,  elegant,  graceful,  ample,  beautiful,  fine. 

Ant. — Uncomely,  ugly,  ill-looking,  coarse. 
Handy,  near,  convenient,  ready,  dexterous. 

Ant. — Remote,   inconvenient,    unhandy,    awkward,    un- 

weildy. 

Hapless.     See  LUCKLESS. 
Happen,  betide,  befall,  occur, 

Ant. — Ordain,  ordered,  caused. 
Happiness,  felicity,  bliss,  prosperity,  wellbeing,  welfare. 

Ant. — Unhappiness,  sorrow,  grief,  despair,  misery. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  89 

Happy,  prosperous,  successful,  lucky,  fortunate,  glad. 
Ant. — Unhappy,  sorrowful,  miserable,    dull,    sorry,    dis- 
consolate. 

Harass.     See  PERPLEX. 
Harbor,  n.  port,  haven,  asylum,  refuge. 

Ant. — Exposure,  peril,  toil,  labor,  voyage. 
Harbor,  v.  shelter,  indulge,  foster,  cherish,  entertain. 

Ant. — Exclude,  eject,  expel,  banish,  dismiss. 
Hard,  firm,  solid,  flinty,  unfeeling,    harsh,   cruel,  difficult, 

arduous. 
Ant. — Soft,    fluid,    liquid,    elastic,    brittle,    easy,    mild, 

lenient,  tender,  simple. 
Hardened.     See  HARD. 
Hardihood.     See  AUDACITY. 
Hardy,   manly,  masculine,    vigorous,  courageous,    brave, 

heroic,  intrepid,  stout,  strong,  firm. 
Ant. — Weak,  fragile,  delicate,  effeminate,  enervated. 
Harm,  evil,  ill,  misfortune,  mischief,  mishap,  injury,  hurt, 

detriment. 

Ant. — Benefit,  boon,   improvement,   compensation,    rep- 
aration. 
Harmonious,  symphonious,  accordant,  amicable. 

Ant. — Discordant,  incongruous,  harsh,  grating,  riotous. 
Harsh,  rough,  severe,  rigorous,  gruff,  rugged,  blunt,  grat- 
ing, jarring,  sour. 

Ant. — Smooth,  soft,  melodious,  suave,  kindly,  gentle. 
Hasten,  push  on,  press  on,  accelerate,   quicken,   expedite, 

hurry. 

Ant. — Retard,  impede,  obstruct,  hesitate,  halt. 
Hasty,  quick,  precipitate,  rash,  excitable,  hot,   fiery,  pas- 
sionate, angry    cursory,  slight. 

Ant. — Slow,  careful,  close,  reflective,  thoughtful,  deliber- 
ate. 
Hate,  detest,  abominate,  abhor,  loathe,  dislike. 

Ant. — Love,  cherish,  like,  approve. 

Hateful,    odious,    detestable,    execrable,   abominal,   loath- 
some, repulsive. 

Ant. — Loveable,  desirable,   delightful,   attraction,  pleas- 
ant. 

Haughtiness.     See  ARROGANCE. 
Haunt.    See  FREQUENT. 
Havoc,  destruction,  desolation,  devastation. 


9o          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Prosperity,    conservation,    augmentation,     enrich- 
ment. 
Hazard,  peril,  imperil,  jeopardize,   risk,   dare,  conjecture. 

Ant. — Insure,  protect,  guard,  think,  know,  determine. 
Haze,  fog,  mist,  rime. 

Ant. — Clearness,  transparency,  brightness, 
Head.     See  CHIEF. 
Headstrong.     See  OBSTINATE. 
Heal,  cure,  remedy,  reconcile. 

Ant. — Hurt,  wound,  harm,  pierce. 
Healthy,  hearty,  hale,  sound,  strong,  wholesome. 

Ant. — Unhealthy,  unsound,  delicate,  sick,  weak,  noxious. 
Heap.    See  ACCUMULATE. 
Hear,  hearken,  overhear,  listen. 

Ant. — Ignore,  disregard,  refuse. 
Hearty.    See  HEALTHY. 
Heavenly,  celestial,  divine,  seraphic,  angelic. 

Ant. — Hellish,  diabolical,  devilish. 
Heaviness,  dullness,  gloom,  lethargy,  torpor. 

Ant. — Lightness,  buoyancy,  joyousness,  animation. 
Heavy,  weighty,   massive,   dull,   drowsy,   insipid,  oppres- 
sive, inert,  slow. 

Ant. — Light,  agile,  active,  quick,  brisk,  animated,  joyous. 
Heed,  mind,  attend  to,  regard,  notice. 

Ant. — Disregard,  slight,  ignore. 
Height,  top,  crisis,  acme,  apex,  climax,  zenith. 

Ant. — Depth,  base,  lowness,  depression,  abasement. 
Heighten,  amplify,  exaggerate,  raise,  enhance,  increase. 

Ant. — Lower,  depress,  debase,  diminish,  tone,  modify. 
Help.     See  AID. 
Heroic,  courageous,  brave,  bold,  intrepid,  fearless,  gallant. 

Ant. — Cowardly,  cravenly,  dastardly,  timidly. 
Hesitate,  falter,  pause,  demur,  scruple. 

Ant. — Resolve,  decide,  determine,  proceed. 
Hew,  cut,  fell,  hack,  chop. 

Ant. — Mould,  model,  form,  carve. 
Hidden,  secret,  occult,  mysterious. 

Ant. — Open,  exposed,    revealed,    understood,   apparent, 

evident. 
Hide,  -v.  conceal,  disguise,  secrete,  cover,  screen. 

Ant. — Expose,  exhibit,  discover,  betray,  show. 
Hide.  n.  See  SKIN. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  91 

Hideous,  ghastly,  grim,  grisly,  frightful,  horrible,  ugly. 

Ant. — Attractive,  beautiful,  graceful. 
High,  tall,  lofty,  elevated,  proud,  conceited. 

Ant. — Low,  depressed,  stunted,  mean,  base,  affable. 
Hilarity,  mirth,  glee,  jollity,  merriment,  joviality. 

Ant. — Despair,  grief,  sorrow,  mournfulness,  depression. 
Hinder,  thwart,  retard,  stop,  prevent,  impede,  obstruct. 

Ant. — Expedite,  promote,  facilitate,  accelerate. 
Hint.     See  SUGGEST. 
Hire,  pay,  allowance,  salary,  wages,  stipend. 

Ant. — Gratuity,  present. 
Hit,  strike,  dash,  beat,  thump. 

Ant. — Miss,  mischance,  fail,  err. 
Hoard,  heap  up,  treasure,  lay  up,  store. 

Ant. — Waste,  squander,  dissipate. 
Hoax.     See  TRICK. 
Hoist.     See  LIFT. 
Hold,  have,  possess,  keep,  detain,  retain. 

Ant. — Drop,  abandon,  release,  forego,  vacate,  surrender, 

fail. 
Hollow,  vacant,  empty,  void. 

Ant. — Solid,  full,  strong,  firm,  genuine,  sound. 
Holy,  sacred,  pious,  devout,  religious,  divine. 

Ant. — Unholy,  profane,  evil,  impure. 
Homage,  respect,  deference,  honor,  veneration. 
I    Ant. — Defiance,  treason,  rebellion,  disaffection. 
Home.    See  ABODE. 
Honest,  upright,  honorable,  conscientious,  virtuous. 

Ant. — Dishonest,  tricky,  deceitful,  fraudulent,  guileful. 
Honesty,    integrity,   purity,   probity,    sincerity,    veracity, 
virtue,  justice. 

Ant. — Dishonesty,  fraud,  deceit,  deception,  guile. 
Honor,  n.  homage,  dignity,  grandeur,  deference,  respect, 
regard. 

Ant. — Disrespect,  irreverence,  abasement,  dishonor. 
Honor,   v.  reverence,    revere,    venerate,   respect,  dignify, 
exalt. 

Ant. — Disrespect,  despise,  obscure,  dishonor. 
Hope,   expectation,   expectancy,   trust,   confidence,    antici- 
pation. 

Ant. — Despair,  despondency,  disbelief. 


92  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Horrible,  fearful,  dreadful,  dire,  direful,  frightful,  terrible; 
terrific,  horrid. 

Ant. — Lovely,  desirable,  enjoyable,  beautiful,  fair,  amia- 
ble. 

Hostile.     See  ADVERSE. 
Hostility.     See  ENMITY. 

Hot,  ardent,  fervent,  fiery,  burning,  glowing,  intense,  pas- 
sionate. 

Ant. — Cold,  cool,  slow,  indifferent,  passionless. 
House.     See  ABODE. 
Huge.     See  ENORMOUS. 

Humanity,  kindness,  benevolence,   philanthropy,   tender- 
ness, sensibility. 

Ant. — Inhumanity,  cruelty,  unkindness,  bestiality. 
Humble,  v.  lower,  debase,  degrade,  disgrace,  humiliate. 

Ant. — Raise,  enhance,  honor,  elevate. 

Humble,  a.   lowly,  modest,  submissive,  unpretending,  un- 
assuming. 

Ant. — Eminent,  proud,  boastful,  arrogant,  pretentious. 
Humiliation.     See  DEGRADATION. 
Humor,   satire,  wit,  jocularity,  temper,  mood,  frame,  fun. 

Ant. — Seriousness,  gravity,  sorrow,  grief,  nature. 
Hurl.     See  FUNG. 
Hurricance.     See  GALE. 
Hurry,  v.  hasten,  speed,  expedite,  precipitate. 

Ant. — Hinder,  retard,  restrain,  obstruct,  dally,  tarry. 
Hurt,  annoy,  grieve,  vex,  wound. 

Ant. — Heal,  soothe,  repair,  console,  benefit,  compensate. 
Hurtful,  pernicious,    baneful,   deleterious,    noxious,    detri« 
mental,  prejudicial,  destructive. 

Ant. — Advantageous,  useful,  beneficial,   healthy,  whole. 

some. 
Hush,  lull,  calm,  still,  quiet,  silence. 

Ant. — Noise,  riot,  gale,  disturbance,  boisterity. 
Hypocrisy,  deceit,  pretence,  cant. 

Ant, — Honesty,  candor,  openness,  virtue,  fanaticism. 


Idea,  imagination,  conception,  notion,  thought,  sentiment, 

impression. 
Ant. — Object,  form,  subject   thintr  -*»'itv. 


~AN~D  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  93 

Ideal,  fanciful,  imaginary,  imaginative. 

Ant. — Physical,  material,  real,  actual,  palpable,  visible, 

tangible. 
Identical,  same,  self-same,  particular. 

Ant. — Different,  distinct,  contrary,  opposed,  separate. 
Idiot.     See  FOOL. 
Idle,  lazy,  indolent,  inactive,  unemployed. 

Ant. — Busy,  employed,  occupied,  industrious,  filled,  pop- 
ulated. 
Ignominious,  shameful,  scandalous,  infamous. 

Ant. — Creditable,  reputable,  honorable. 
Ignorant,  unlearned,  illiterate,  unlettered,  uninformed,  un* 
educated. 

Ant. — Learned,  wise,  informed,  educated,  cultured,  cuki* 

vated. 

111.     See  EVIL. 
Ill,  sick,  indisposed,  unwell,  diseased. 

Ant. — Well,  healthy,  sound,  hearty. 
Ill-tempered.     See  SURLY. 
Ill-will.     See  HATRED. 
Illegal,  unlawful,  illicit,  contraband,  illegitimate. 

Ant. — Lawful,  legal,  legitimate,  honest. 
Illimitable.     See  INFINITE. 
Illiterate.     See  IGNORANT. 

Illness,  sickness,  indisposition,  disease,  disorder,  malady, 
ailment. 

Ant. — Health,  vigor,  soundess,  activity. 
Illusion,  deception,  phantasm,  fallacy. 

Ant. — Reality,  body,  substance. 
Illustrate,  explain,  elucidate,  clear. 

Ant. — Obscure,  confuse,  mystify,  darken. 
Illustrious,   celebrated,    glorious,    noble,    eminent,  distin- 
guished, famous,  renowned. 

Ant. —  Infamous,  disreputable,  ignominious,  disgraceful, 
Image,  likeness,  picture,  representation,  effigy. 

Ant. — Original,  substance,  subject,  reality,  truth,  verity. 
Imaginary,  ideal,  fanciful,  illusory. 

Ant. — Real,  true,  substantial,  satisfactory,  solid. 
Imagine,  conceive,  fancy,  apprehend,  think,  presume. 

Ant. — Prove,  demonstrate,  depict,  exhibit,  substantiate. 
Imbecility,  silliness,  senility,  dotage. 

Ant. — Wisdom,  shrewdness,  sagacity,  cleverness. 


94  A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Imbibe.     See  ABSORB. 

Imbolden.     See  ENCOURAGE. 

Imitate,  copy,  ape,  mimic,  mock,  counterfeit. 

Ant. — Alter,    distort    caricature,    modify,     misrepresent, 

vary. 
Immaculate,  unspotted,  spotless,  unsullied,  staimess. 

Ant. — Defiled,    impure,    corrupt,    sinful,    contaminated, 

polluted. 

Immediately,    instantly;     forthwith,    directly,    instanter, 
presently,  straightway. 

Ant. — By  and  by,  distantly,  remotely. 
Immense.     See  ENORMOUS. 
Immerse,  dip,  plunge,  douse,  souse. 

Ant. — Dry,  drain,  air,  ventilate,  hoist  out. 
Immigration,  colonization,  settlement 

Ant. — Emigration,  exodus. 
Immunity,  privilege,  prerogative,  exemption. 

Ant. — Liability,  obligation,  impost,  jurisdiction. 
Immure,  confine,  shut  up,  imprison. 

Ant. — Release,  dismiss,  acquit,  escape. 
Impair,  injure,  diminish,  decrease. 

Ant. — Enhance,  improve,  augment,  repair. 
Impart.     See  GIVE. 
Impartial.     See  JUST. 

Impassioned,  passionate,   glowing,    burning,  fiery,    vehe- 
ment, intense,  impetuous. 

Ant. — Cool,  impassive,  indifferent. 
Impeach,  accuse,  charge,  arraign,  censure. 

Ant. — Acquit,  absolve,  vindicate. 
Impede.     See  OBSTRUCT. 
Impediment.     See  OBSTA*  LE 
Impel.     See  ENCOURAGE. 
Impending,  imminent,  threatening. 

Ant. — Distant,  remote. 

Imperative,    commanding,  dictatorial,    authoritative,  des- 
potic, peremptory. 

Ant. — Indulgent,    lenient,   mild,    supplicatory,   optional, 

discretional. 

Imperfection.     See  BLEMISH. 
Imperil,  peril,  endanger,  hazard,  jeopardise. 

Ant. — Defend,  secure,  protect,  shield. 
Imperious.     See  DICTATORIAL. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  95 

Impertinent,  intrusive,  meddling,    officious,   rude,    saucy, 
impudent,  insolent. 

Ant. — Pertinent,  related,  appropriate,   fit,    proper,  appli- 
cable. 
Impervious,  impassable,  inaccessable,  impenetrable. 

Ant. — Penetrable,  explorable,  traversable. 
Impetuous,  violent,  boisterous,  furious,    vehement,    rapid, 
hasty. 

Ant. — Slow,  thoughtful,  deliberate,  leisurely. 
Impious,  profane,  irreligious,  godless. 

Ant. — Pious,  sacred,  godly,  religious. 
Implicate,  involve,  entangle,  embarrass,  compromise. 

Ant. — Extricate,  acquit,  disconnect. 
Implore.     See  ENTREAT. 
Imply,  involve,  comprise,  infold,  import,  denote,  signify,. 

Ant. — Express* state,  declare,  pronounce. 
Importance,  signification,  significance,  avail,  consequence, 
weight,  gravity,  moment. 

Ant. — Unimportance,  irrelevance,  triviality,  meanness. 
Important,  pressing,  momentous,  material,  weighty,  grave. 

Ant. — Unimporant,  insignificant,  trivial,  irrelevant,  petty. 

mean. 
Impose,  put,  place,  set,  fix,  lay. 

Ant. — Remove,  unburden. 

Imposing,  impressive,  striking,    majestic,    august,    noble, 
grand. 

Ant. — Ineffective,  undignified,  petty. 
Imposition.     See  CHEAT. 
Impost,  tax,  duty,  custom,  excise,  tribute,  toll. 

Ant. — Exemption,  immunity,  proceeds,  revenue. 
Impostor.    See  CHEAT. 
Imposture.    See  CHEAT. 
Impotence.     See  WEAKNESS. 
Impotent.     See  WEAK. 
Impregnate.     See  SATURATE. 

Impression,   feeling,  sentiment,    sensation,   susceptibility, 
stamp,  edition. 

Ant. — Apathy,  insensibility,  evenness. 
Impressive,  stirring,  forcible,  exciting,  affecting,  moving. 

Ant. — unimpressive,   ordinary,   common,    laugnable,  lu- 
dicrous. 
Imprison,     See  CONFINE. 


96          A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS  \ 

Imprisonment,  incarceration,   captivity,   durance,  confine* 

ment. 

Ant. — Freedom,  release,  acquittal,  liberty. 
Improve,  amend,  better,  mend,  reform,  rectify,  ameliorate, 

apply,  use,  employ. 
Ant. — Debase,  lower,  disgrace,  abase,  drag  down,  make 

worse. 

Improvement,  progress,   proficiency,  amendment,  correc- 
tion, advancement. 

Am. — Debasement,  retrogression,  blemish,  fault. 
Improvident.     See  PRODIGAL. 
Impudence,  assurance,  impertinence,  confidence,  insolence, 

rudeness. 

Ant. — Courtesy,  attention,    flattery,    compliment,   good- 
breeding. 

Impudent.     See  IMPUDENCE. 
Impugn,  gainsay,  oppose,  attack,  assail. 

Ant. — Confirm,  prove,  establish,  evidence. 
Impulse.     See  MOTIVE. 
'  >puisive,  rash,  hasty,  forcible,  violent. 

Ant. — Deliberate,  thoughtful,  cool,  quiet,  self-restrained, 
fmpure,  mixed,  adulterated,  tainted,  foul. 

Ant. — Pure,  good,  unadulterated,  honest. 
Imputation,  blame,  censure,  reproach,  charge,  accusation. 

Ant. — Withdrawal,  retraction,  acquittal. 
Inability,  weakness,  impotence,  incapacity,  incapability. 

Ant. — Ability,  power,  strength,  capacity,  capability. 
Inactive,  inert,  lazy,  slothful,  sluggish,  idle,  indolent. 

Ant. — Active,  smart,  energetic,  alert. 
Inanimate,  lifeless,  dead,  defunct,  inert,  extinct. 

Ant. — Animate,  alive,  sensible,  active,  lively. 
Incapable,  unable,  inadequate,   incompetent,   insufficient 

unfit. 

Ant. — Able,  competent,  fitted. 
Incentive.     See  MOTIVE. 
Incessantly,    always,    unceasingly,    continually,    perpetu. 

ally. 

Ant. — Occasionally,  periodically,  intermittently,  never. 
Incident.     See  CIRCUMSTANCE. 

Incidental,  accidental,  casual,  contingent,  occasional. 
Ant. — Essential,  invariable,  regular,  irrelative,   uniform, 
inherent. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  <ft 

Incite.    See  URGE. 

Inclemency,  harshness,  rigor,  intensity,  severity. 

Ant. — Clemency,  mercifulness,  mildness,  geniality. 
Inclination.     See  INCLINE. 

Incline,  slope,  lean,  slant,  tend,  bend,  turn,  bias,  dispose 
Ant. — Diverge,  ascend,  rise,  trend,  indispose,  disincline, 

deter. 

Inclose.     See  SURROUND. 
Include,  comprehend,  comprise,  contain,  embrace   take  in 

hold. 

Ant. — Exclude,  except,  shut  out. 
Incoherent,  loose,  unconnected,  incongruous,  inconsistent. 

incompatible. 

Ant. — Coherent,  clear,  continuous,  intelligible. 
Incommode,  annoy,  plague,  molest,  disturb,  inconvenience^ 

trouble. 

Ant. — Accommodate,  oblige,  supply,  reconcile,  fit. 
Incompetent.     See  INCAPABLE. 
Incomplete,  imperfect,  defective,  unexecuted. 

Ant. — Complete,  perfect,  finished. 

Inconstant,  changeable,  unsteadfast,  unstable,  fickle,  rest- 
less, fitful,  variable. 

Ant. — Constant,  faithful,  changeless,  stable,  firm,  steady. 
Inconvenience.     See  INCOMMODE. 

Increase,  extend,   enlarge,  augment,  dilate,    expand,  am- 
plify, raise,  enhance,  aggravate,  magnify,  grow. 
Ant, — Decrease,    diminish,    modify,    contract,    narrow. 

lessen. 
Inculcate,  impress,  infuse,  instil,  implant. 

Ant. — Insinuate,  suggest,  disavow,  abjure,  denounce. 
Incursion,  inroad,  invasion,  irruption,  aggression. 

Ant  — Retreat,  retirement,  withdrawal,  settlement,  abode. 
Indefinite,  vague,   uncertain,  unsettled,  loose,  lax. 
Ant. — Defin/'e,  exact,  bounded,  settled,   fixed,  unaltera- 
ble. 
Indicate,  point  out,  show,  mark,  declare. 

Ant. — Conceal,  contradict,  falsify,  misindicate. 
Indication,  mark,  sign,  note,  symptom,  token. 
Ant. — Silence,  misdirection,  surmise,  guess. 
Indifference,    apathy,    carelessness,   listlessn^ss,    in«ensi- 
bility. 


98          A  DICTIONARY  OF    SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Interest,  eagerness,  gravity,   ardor,  affection,  im- 
portance, significance. 
Indigence,  want,  penury,  poverty,  destitution,  privation. 

Ant. — Abundance,  wealth,  richness. 
Indignation.     See  ANGER. 
Indignity,  insult,   affront,  outrage,  obloquy,   opprobrium. 

reproach,  ignominy. 

Ant. — Deference,  compliment,  homage,  respect. 
Indiscriminate,  promiscuous,  chance,  indistinct,  contused. 

Ant. — Careful,  discerning,  sorted,  select. 
Indispensable,  essential,  neccessary,  requisite,  expedient. 

Ant. — Dispensable,  unnecessary,  useless,  inexpedient. 
Indisputable,  undeniable,  undoubted,  incontestable,  indub- 
itable, unquestionable,  sure,  infallible. 
Ant — Disputable,  debateable,  doubtful,  contestible,  falli- 
ble. 

Indistinct,   uncertain,  indiscriminate,    confused,   ambigu- 
ous, disputable,  questionable,  doubtful. 
Ant. — Distinct,  certain,  exact,  clear,   plain,  intelligible, 

indisputable,  sure. 
Indite,  compose,  couch,  frame. 

Ant. — Write,  transcibe,  pen,  speak,  say. 
Indolent.     See  LAZY. 
Induce.    See  INSTIGATE. 
Inducement.    See  MOTIVE. 
Indulge,     See  CHERISH. 
Industrious.     See  DILIGENT. 
Ineffectual.    See  USELESS. 

Inequality,  disparity,   disproportion,  unevenness,  dissimi- 
larity. 

Ant. — Equality,  justice,  fairness,  evenness. 
Inestimable,  invaluable,  priceless. 

Ant. — Estimable,  worthless,  cheap,  mean,  poor. 
Inevitable,  unavoidable,  not  to  be  avoided,  certain. 

Ant. — Avoidable,  uncertain,  indeterminate. 
Infamous,  scandalous,  shameful,  ignominious,   opprobri- 
ous, disgraceful. 

Ant. — Famous,    honorable,    reputable,    celebrated,    re- 
nowned. 
Infect,  pollute,  contaminate,  taint,  defile,  corrupt 

Ant. — Purify,  disinfect, 
infectious.    See  CONTAGIOUS, 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  99 

Inference,  deduction,  corollary,  conclusion,  consequence. 

Ant. — Premise,  argument,  statement,  guess,  assumption, 
Inferior,  secondary,  subaltern,  subordinate. 

Ant. — Superior,  better,  greater,  higher. 
Infernal,  diabolical,  fiendish,  devilish,  hellish. 

Ant. — Celestial,  godly,  heavenly. 
Infest,  annoy,  plague,  harass,  disturb. 

Ant. — Regale,  refresh,  gratify,  comfort. 
infidelity,  unbelief,  distrust,  incredulity,  disbelief. 

Ant. — Faith,  belief,  trust,  orthodoxy. 

Infinite,  boundless,  unbounded,  illimitable,  unlimited,  ab- 
solute. 

Ant. — Limited,  bounded,  narrow,  confined. 
Infirm,  weak,  feeble,  enfeebled,  decrepit. 

Ant. — Firm,  strong,  sound,  forcible,  active,  cogent. 
I&flame,  anger,  irritate,  enrage,  incense,  nettle,  aggravate^ 
imbitter,  exasperate. 

Ant. — Cool,  quench,  extinguish,  allay,  pacify,  quiet.        ' 
Iftflict,  lay  on,  impose. 

Ant. — Remove,  alleviate,  suspend,  spare. 
Influence,  credit,  favor,  reputation,   character,   weight, 
authorky,  sway,  ascendency. 

Ant. — Neutrality,  inefficacy,  weakness,  powerlessness,  in. 

efficiency. 

Inform,    communicate,    tell,    report,     acquaint,    apprise, 
notify,  disclose,  reveal,  divulge. 

Ant.. -fez.  silent,  conceal,  retain,  mislead,  deceive, 
information.     See  INFORM. 

Infraction,  infringement,    encroachment,   invasion,  intru- 
sion. 

Ant. — Observance,  respect,  maintenance,  integrity. 
Infuse,  instil,  ingraft,   implant,  inspire,  breathe  into,  im- 
part. 

Ant. — Dry,  drain,  retract,  divert,  suck,  withdraw. 
Ingenuous,  artless,   candid,  generous,    open,  frank,  plain* 
sincere. 

Ant. — Disingenuous,  sly,  reserved,  mean,  insincere. 
Ingratitude,  unthankfulness,  thanklessness. 

Ant. — Gratitude,  thankfulness. 
Ingress,  entry,  entrance,  inlet. 

Ant. — Egress,  exit,  outlet. 
inhabit,  dwell  in,  reside  in,  occupy. 


too         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Abandon,  forsake,  migrate. 
Inherit,  enjoy,  possess,  obtain,  occupy. 

Ant. — acquire,  earn,  bequeath,  devise. 

Inhuman,  cruel,  brutal,  savage,  barbarous,  ruthless,  merci- 
less, ferocious. 

Ant. — Human,  merciful,  civilized,  kind,  gentle. 
Iniquity,  injustice,  wrong,  grievance. 

Ant. — [Justice,  integrity,  virtue,  holiness. 
Injunction.     See  ORDER. 

Injure,  damage,  hurt,  deteriorate,  wrong,   aggrieve,  harm, 
spoil,  mar,  sully. 

Ant. — Benefit,  profit,  repair,  ameliorate,  enhance. 
Injurious.     See  HURTFUL. 
Injustice,  wrong,  iniquity,  grievance. 

Ant. — Justice,  right,  law. 
Inlet.     See  INGRESS. 

Innocent,  guiltless,    sinless,  harmless,    inoffensive,  innox- 
ious. 

Ant. — Guilty,  responsible,  sinful,  corrupt,   bad,   impure. 
Innovation,  alteration,  novelty. 

Ant. — Conservation,  maintainance,  archaism. 
Inoffensive,  harmless,  innocent,  innoxious,  unoffending. 

Ant. — Offensive,  obnoxious,  pernicious,  harmful. 
Inordinate,   intemperate,  irregular,   disorderly,  excessive, 
an  moderate. 

Ant. — Moderate,  just,  regular. 
Inquisitive,  prying,  peeping,  curious,  peering. 

Ant. — Indifferent,  careless,  incurious,  dull,  blind. 
Inquiry,     investigation,    examination,    research,  scrutiny, 
disquisition,  question,  query,  interrogation. 

Ant. — Conjecture,  guess,   assumption,  supposition,   hy- 
pothesis. 

Insane.     See  MAD. 
Insanity.    See  LUNACY. 
Inscribe,  dedicate,  devote,  impress,  engrave. 

Ant. — Erase,  expunge,  obliterate,  efface,  deface. 
Inside,  interior,  within,  inland. 

Ant. — Without,  outside,  extraneously,  externallyl 
Insidious,  sly,  treacherous,  crafty,  artful,  wily. 

Ant. — Sincere,    straightforward,  undesigning, 
Insight.    See  DISCERNMENT. 
Insinuate*  hint,  intimate,  suggest,  infuse ,  ingratiate. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS,  101 

Ant. — State,  affirm,  propound,    announce,   withdraw,  re- 
tract, extract. 
Insipid,  dull,    fiat,   mawkish,   tasteless,   vapid,  inanimate, 

lifeless. 

Ant. — Racy,  intense,  strong,  full-flavored. 
Insist,  persist,  persevere,  urge. 

Ant. — Waive,  yield,  concede,  surrender,  forego. 
Insolent,  rude,  saucy,  pert,    impertinent,    abusive,   scurrL 

lous,  opprobrious,  insulting,  offensive,  outrageous. 
Ant. — Deferential,  polite,  modest,    respectful,   consider- 
ate. 
Inspect,  examine,  investigate,  overhaul,  supervise 

Ant. — Glance,  overlook,  connive,  dismiss. 
Inspire,  animate,   exhilarate,    enliven,    cheer,   breathe,  in. 

hale. 

Ant. — Depress,  discourage,  dispirit,  deter. 
Instability,  mutability,  fickleness,  mutableness,  wavering, 

Ant. — Stability,  durability,  firmness,  strength. 
Install,  induct,  inaugurate,  invest. 

Ant. — Eject,  degrade,  dismiss,  deprive. 
Instance.     See  EXAMPLE. 

Instantaneous,  direct,  immediate,  momentary,  quick. 
Ant. — Enduring,  continuing,  periodic,  long,  eternal,  per 

petual. 
Instantly,  immediately,    forthwith,    straightway,    directly, 

instanter. 

Ant. — Soon,  by  and  by,  sometime. 

Instigate,  stir  up,  persuade,  animate,   incite,  urge,  stimu- 
late, encourage,  induce. 

Ant. — Discourage,  deter,  dispirit,  hinder,  obstruct. 
Instil,  implant,  inculcate,  infuse,  insinuate. 

Ant. — Drain,  extract,  remove,  eliminate,  strain. 
Institute,   establish,  found,   erect,   begin,   form,  organize, 

prescribe. 
Ant. — Disestablish,   overthrow,   bankrupt,  complete,  fin. 

ish,  subvert. 

Instruct,  inform,  teach,  educate,  enlighten,  initiate. 
Ant. — Misinform,    misinstruct,    misguide,    mislead,    d& 

ceive,  barbarize,  brutalize. 
Instruction.     See  INSTRUCT. 

Instrument,  tool,    implement;  utensil,   medium,  channel, 
agent. 


103        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Bar,  preventive,  obstruction,   hindrance,  counter- 
agent,  opponent. 

Instrumental,  conducive,  assistant,  helping,  ministerial. 
Ant. — Non-instrumental,  foreign,  opposed,  hindrance. 
Insufficiency,  inadequacy,  incompetency,  incapability,  de- 
ficiency, lack. 

Ant. — Sufficient,  ei.ough,  plenty,  abundance,  richness. 
Insult,  affront,  outrage,  indignity,  blasphemy. 

Ant. — Respect,  honor,  praise,  flattery,  compliment. 
Insulting.     See  INSOLENT. 

Insurrection,  rebellion,  mutiny,  revolt,  sedition. 
Ant. — Law,  peace,  order,  government,  submission,  suu 

jection,  obedience,  bondage,  servitude,  pacification. 
Integrity,  uprightness,  honesty,  probity,  entirety,  entire- 

ness,  completeness,  rectitude,  purity. 
Ant. — Dishonesty,   roguery,   rascality,   fraud,   duplicity, 

meanness,  chicanery. 
Intellect,  understanding,  sense,  brains,  mind,  intelligence, 

ability,  talent,  genius. 

Ant. — Matter,  force,   passion,   body,  mechanism,  organ- 
ism. 
Intellectual,  mental,  ideal,  metaphysical,  learned. 

Ant. — Unintellectual,  bodily,  physical,  ignorant,  stupid. 
Intelligence,  advice,  information,   instruction,   notice,  in- 
tellect, spirit,  report,  news. 
Ant. — Stupidity,  dullness,  ignorance,  misunderstanding, 

concealment,  silence,  'misguidance. 

Intelligent,  understanding,  enlightened,  instructed,  know- 
ing. 

Ant. — Unintelligent,  stupid,  foolish,  ignorant. 
Intelligible,  clear,  obvious,  plain,  distinct. 
Ant. — Unintelligible,     obscure,     dull,    indistinct,    inco- 
herent. 
Intemperate,  immoderate,  excessive,   drunken,    nimious, 

inordinate. 
Ant. — Temperate,     moderate,     self-restrained,    ascetic, 

austere,  severe. 
Intend.    See  PURPOSE. 
Intense,  ardent,   earnest,  glowing,  fervid,  burning,  vehe. 

ment,  strained,  forced,  excessive,  extreme. 
Ant. — Indifferent,  apathetic,   cool,  dispassioned,  phleg. 
matie. 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  103 

Intent.    See  PURPOSE. 

Intentional,  designed,  intended,  contemplated,   premedi- 
tated, studied. 

Ant. — Unitentional,  fortuitous,  accidental,  casual. 
Inter,  bury,  entomb,  inhume. 

Ant. — Disinter,  exhume,  ressurrect. 
Intercede,  interpose,  interfere,  mediate,  advocate. 

Ant. — Inculpate,  accuse,  abandon,  incriminate. 
Intercourse,   commerce,   connection,  intimacy,  acquaint- 
ance. 

Ant. — Reticence,  cessation,  suspension,  opposition. 
Interdict,  forbid,  prohibit,  inhibit,  proscribe,  debar. 

Ant. — Grant,  allow,  indulge,  concede. 
Interfere.     See  INTERPOSE. 

Interior,    inward,   inner,    inside,  internal,    instrinsic,    in- 
herent, innate. 

Ant. — Exterior,  outside,  adjacent,  external. 
Intermediate,  intervening,  interjacent,  between. 
Ant, — Surrounding,  outside,  extreme,  enclosing. 
Interminable,     endless,     infinite,     unlimited,    illimitable, 

boundless,  limitless. 

Ant. — Terminable,  brief,  moderate,  curt,  short. 
Intermission,  cessation,  pause,  rest,  stop,  stoppage,  inter- 
ruption. 
Ant. — Continuity,   perpetuity,  permanence,  uninterrupt- 

edness. 

Internal.     See  INTERIOR. 

Interpose,  intercede,  arbitrate,  mediate,  interfere,  meddle. 
!   Ant. — Retire,  recede,  remove,  hold   aloof,  withdraw,  re- 
tract. 
Interpret,  elucidate,  explain,   expound,   unfold,    decipher, 

translate,  declare. 
Ant. — Misinterpret,  falsify,   distort,    mistake,    misrepre* 

sent. 
Interpretation,   version,   rendering,   sense,   construction, 

explanation. 

Ant. — Misinterpretation,  distortion,  mistake,   error,    fal- 
sification. 
Interrupt,  disturb,  hinder,  break,  divide. 

Ant. — Continue,  prosecute,  expedite. 

Interval,  interlapse,  space,  period,  gap. 

4  nt. — Continuity,  simultaneousness. 


104         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Intervention,  agency,  interposition,  mediation. 

Ant. — Non-intervention,      continuity,     opposition,     en- 
couragement, instigation. 

Intimate,   hint,  suggest,  insinuate,  express,    signify,    im- 
part, tell. 

Ant. — Conceal,  retain,  withhold,  reserve. 
Intimidate,    frighten,    dishearten,    alarm,    affright,    scare. 

appal,  daunt,  cow,  quail,  browbeat. 
Ant. — Encourage,  inspirit,  animate,  reassure. 
Intolerable,  insufferable,  insupportable,  unendurable. 
Ant. — Tolerable,  allowable,  endurable,  supportable. 
Intoxicated,  drunk,  tipsy,  inebriated,  fuddled,  muddled. 

Ant. — Sober,  sane,  depressed,  melancholy,  clearheaded. 
Intrepid.     See  BOLD. 
Intricacy,  difficulty,  complexity,  complication,  involution, 

perplexity. 

Ant. — Simplicity,  directness,  obviousness,  clearness 
Intrigue,  plot,  conspiracy,  combination,  artifice,  ruse. 
Ant. — Rebellion,   insurrection,  candor,    openness,   hon- 
esty, probity. 

Intrinsic,  genuine,  sterling,  native,  real,  true,  natural. 
Ant. — Extrinsic,   acquired,   borrowed,   added,   assumed, 

pretended. 
Introduce,  present,  usher,  bring  in,  begin. 

Ant. — Estrange,  eject,  conclude,  terminate,  end. 
Introduction,  preface,  prelude,   exordium,  prologue,   pre» 

amble. 

Ant. — Conclusion,  completion,  end. 

Intrude,  force  in,  obtrude,  trench,   infringe,    invade  inter- 
fere. 

Ant. — Withdraw,  hold  back,  retire,  restrain,  withhold. 
Intrust.     See  COMMIT. 

Inundate,  drown,  overflow,  deluge,  flood,  submerge,  over- 
whelm. 

Ant. — Drain,  dry,  parch,  burn. 
Inure.     See  ACCUSTOM. 
Invade,  attack,  assail,  infringe,  encroach,  trench,  intrude, 

violate. 

Ant. — Vacate,  abandon,  evacuate,  relinquish. 
Invalid.    See  WEAK. 
Invasion.    See  INVADE. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS  105 

Invective,    abuse,    reproach,    railing,    censure,    sarcasm, 
satire. 

Ant. — Commendation,  eulogy,  panegyric,  laudation. 
Invent,  devise,  contrive,  frame,  fabricate,  discover,  design. 

Ant. — Imitate,  copy,  reproduce. 
Invert,  upset,  overturn,  overthrow,  subvert,  reverse- 

Ant.^ Erect,  fix,  conserve,  establish,  ground. 
Invest,  surround,  besiege,  endue,  clothe. 
Investigation.     See  EXAMINATION. 
Inveterate,  confirmed,  chronic,  malignant. 

Ant. — Incipient,  unformed,  undeveloped. 
Invidious,  unfair,  partial,  envious,  hateful,    odious,  malig- 
nant. 

Ant. — Fair,  impartial,  considerate,  due,  just. 
Invigorate,  brace,  harden,  nerve,  strengthen,  fortify. 

Ant. — Enervate,  depress,  sadden,  frighten. 
Invincible,  unconquerable,  impregnable,  insuperable. 

Ant. — Weak,  powerless,  spiritless,  puny. 
Invisible,  unseen,   imperceptible,    impalpable,    unperceiv- 
able. 

Ant. — Visible,  seen,  perceptible,   palpable,  tangible,  evi- 
dent. 

[nvite,  summon,  challenge,  ask,  call,  bid,  request,  allure, 
attract,  solicit. 

Ant. — Forbid,  exclude,  expel,  discard,  repel. 
Invoke,  invocate,  call   upon,    appeal,   refer,   implore,    be- 
seech. 

Ant. — Ignore,  defy,  warn,  inhibit,  deprecate. 
Involuntary,  compulsory,  exacted,  coercive. 

Ant. — Voluntary,  spontaneous,  free,  deliberate,  optional. 
Involve,  implicate,  entangle,  compromise,  envelo^ 

Ant. — Separate,  extricate,  disconnect. 
Inward,  interior,  internal,  inner. 

Ant. — Outward,  exterior,  external. 
Ire.     See  ANGER. 
Irksome.     See  TEDIOUS. 
Irony,  sarcasm,  satire,  ridicule,  raillery. 

Ant. — Compliment,  seriousness,  honesty. 
Irrational,  foolish,   silly,  imbecile,  brutish.  unreasonaote, 
absurd,  preposterous,  ridiculous. 

Ant. — Rational,   right,  correct,  learned,  cultivated,    rea- 
sonable .  logical. 


106         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Irregular,  eccentric,   anomalous,   inordinate,   intemperate. 

Ant. — Regular,  ordinary,  common,  temperate. 
Irreligious,  profane,  godless,  impious,  sacrilegious,  dese- 
crating. 

Ant. — Religious,  pious,  orthodox,  sacred. 
Irreproachable,     blameless,    spotless,     irreprovable,    un- 
blemished. 

Ant. — Reproachable,  blamable,  censurable,  reprovable. 
Irresistible,  resistless,  opposeless,  irrepressible. 

Ant. — Resistible,  defensible,  repressible. 
Irresolute,  wavering,  undetermined,  undecided,  vacillating. 

Ant. — Resolute,  determined,  bold,  decided,  firm. 
Irritable,  excitable,    irascible,  susceptible,  sensitive,  hasty. 

Ant. — Calm,  good  tempered,  cool,  quiet. 
Irritate,  aggravate,  worry,  provoke,  embitter,  madden,  e*« 
asperate,  displease. 

Ant. — Soothe,  mollify,  pacify,  caress. 
Issue,  emerge,  rise,  proceed,  flow,  spring,  emanate. 

Ant. — Cause,  ori/~*3ate,  commence,  order. 


Jade,  harass,  weary,  tire,  worry. 

Ant. — Refresh,  recruit,  invigorate,  inspirit. 
Jangle,  wrangle,  conflict,  disagree. 

Ant. — Agree,  debate,  discourse. 
Tarring.    See  DISCORDANT. 
Jealousy,  suspicion,  envy,  invidiousness,  covetousness. 

Ant. — Liberality,  indulgence,  toleration,  indifference. 
Jeer,  sneer,  scoff,  mock,  deride,  banter. 

Ant. — Flatter,  fawn,  compliment,  eulogize. 
Jeopardy,  risk,  peril,  hazard,  danger,  chance,  venture. 

Ant.— Safety,  security,  provision,  insurance. 
Jocose,  jocular,  jolly,  facetious,  witty,  pleasant. 

Ant. — Serious,  earnest,  melancholy,  grave,  lugubrious. 
Jocund,  light-hearted,  lively,  sprightly,  vivacious,  sportive, 
merry,  mirthful,  blithesome. 

Ant. — Melancholy,    dull,    grave,     mournful,     cheerless 

sorrowful. 

Join,  accompany,  go  with,  add,  unite,  append,  adjoin,  com- 
bine, confederate,  league,  band. 

Ant. — Separate,  leave,  subtract,  disconnect,  oppose. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  107 

Jolly,  merry,  gay,  mirthful,  genial,  joyous. 

Ant. — Sad,  mournful,  cheerless,  morose,  gloomy. 
Journey.     See  TOUR. 
Joviality.     See  MERRIMENT. 
Joy,  delight,  gladness,   charm,  pleasure,   ecstacy,  rapture, 

transport. 
Ant. — Sorrow,  pain,  trouble,  misery,  melancholy,  grief, 

affliction,  despondency. 

Judgment,    discernment,   discrimination,   sagacity,  intelli- 
gence, sentence,  decision,  order,  award. 
Ant. — Insagacity,  inquiry,  argument,  speculation,  propo- 
sition, investigation. 
Judicious,  wise,  sage,  thoughtful,  discerning,  just. 

Ant. — Unwise,    foolish,    imprudent,    injudicious,  indis- 
creet, rash,  blind,  impolitic,  unjust. 
Juicy,  succulent,  bibulous,  spongy. 

Ant. — Dry,  parched,  wizened. 
Jump,  leap,  bound,  spring. 

Ant. — Fall,  crawl,  glide,  walk,  run. 

Junction,  union,  alliance,  connection,  confederacy,  combi- 
nation. 

Ant. — Separation,   disunion,  dispersion,  division,  segre- 
gation, divergence. 
Juncture,  contact,  touch,  conjuncture,  crisis. 

Ant. — Course,  arrangement,  provision,  preparation. 
Just,  right,  proper,  fair,  equitable,  impartial,  honest,  sound, 

reasonable,  lawful. 

Ant. — Unjust,  unfair,  partial,  inexact,  dishonorable,  un- 
sound. 
Justice,  right,  equity,  law. 

Ant. — Injustice,  wrong,  partiality,  unfairness,  illegality. 
Justify,  excuse,  clear,  exonerate,  defend,  absolve. 

Ant. — Condemn,  censure,  convict,  protest,  accuse,  incul- 
pate. 

Juvenile,  young,  youthful,  boyish,  infantile,  childish. 
Ant. — Mature,  aged,  manly,  womanly,  adult,  elderly 

K 

Keen,  sharp,  acute,   penetrating,  cutting,   biting,  stinging 

sarcastic,  satirical. 
Ant. — Blunt,  dull,  blind,  indifferent,  languid. 


io8         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Keep,  retain,  hold,   detain,   preserve,   maintain,   sustain, 

hinder,  obey,  continue,  celebrate. 

Ant. — Release,  liberate,  send,  dismiss,  betray,  neglect, 
divulge,  abandon,  discard,  disobey,  forsake,  desert, 
disregard. 

Key.    See  SOLUTION. 
Kill,  murder,  assassinate,  slay,  massacre,  butcher. 

Ant. — Vivify,  resuscitate,  animate. 
Kind,  a.  thoughtful,    affable,   gentle,  meek,  tender,  good, 

gracious,  compassionate,  indulgent,  forbearing. 
Ant. — Unkind,  harsh,  severe,  cruel,  hard. 
Kind,  n.  species,  sort,  class,  genus,  nature,  character. 

Ant. — Inaffinity,  irrelation. 
Kindle,  ignite,  enkindle,  awaken,  arouse,  stir  up,  excite. 

Ant. — Extinguish,  quench,  suppress,  allay. 
Kindred,  affinity,  relatives,  kinsfolk,  related,  connected, 

akin. 

Ant. — Strangers,  foreigners,  disconnection,  unrelated. 
Kingly.     See  REGAL. 
Kinsfolk.     See  KINDRED. 
Knave,  rogue,  scoundrel,  rascal. 

Ant. — Gentleman,  dupe,  simpleton,  innocent. 
Knavish,  roguish,  dishonest,  fraudulent. 

Ant. — Honest,  square,  fair. 
Knowledge,   learning,   scholarship,   acquirements,    attain. 

ments,  information,  understanding. 

Ant. — Ignorance,  inexperience,  illiteracy,  incomprehen* 
sion,  stupidity. 


Laborious,  hard-working,  industrious,  diligent,  assiduous, 
active,  toilsome,  wearisome, 

Ant. — Idle,  lazy,  indolent,  easy,  light,  simple. 
Labor,  work,  task,  toil,  exertion. 

Ant. — Indolence,  ease,  inactivity,  rest,  recreation,  facj 

ity,  skill. 

Laborer.     See  WORKMAN. 
Lack,  want,  need,  require. 

Ant. — Supply,  satisfy. 
Laconic,  short,  brief,  concise,  curt. 

4nt. — Prolix,  garrulous,  loquacious,  prosy,  long. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  *og 

Lag,  tarry,  linger,  loiter,  saunter. 

Ant. — Hasten,  hurry,  rush,  press,  speed. 
Lame,  limp,  halt,  hobble,  hop,  weak,  hesitating: 

Ant. — Agile,  robust,  efficient,  telling,  effective. 
Lament,   grieve,  mourn,  regret,  bewail,  deplore,  bemoan, 

Ant. — Welcome,  hail,  rejoice. 
Language,  speech,  tongue,  dialect,  phraseology. 

Ant. — Muteness,    jargon,    gibberish,    cry,    whine,   howl. 

noise. 
Languid,  weak,  faint,  drooping,  pining. 

Ant. — Strong,  healthy,  robust,  active. 
Lank,  lean,  thin,  skinny,  meager,  scraggy. 

Ant. — Plump,  rounded,  short,  full. 
Lapse,  elapse,  glide,  pass,  roll. 

Ant. — Fix,  stay,  stand,  arrest,  stop,  retain. 
Large,  big,  great,  huge,  vast,  extensive,  wide,  liberal. 

Ant. — Small,   mean,  narrow,   contracted,  scanty,  petty, 

illiberal,  bigoted. 
Lash,  scourge,  whip,  flog,  beat,  fasten. 

Ant. — Anoint,  smooth,  rub,  unfasten. 
Lassitude,  weariness,  fatigue,  languor. 

Ant. — Health,  strength,  activity,  freshness. 
Last,  latest,  hindmost,  utmost,  extreme,  final,  ultimate. 

Ant. — First,  initiatory,  opening,  foremost,  highest,  next, 

nearest. 

Lasting,  durable,  abiding,  permanent,  perpetual,  continu- 
ing. 

Ant. — Ending,  transient,  ephemeral. 
Latent,  hidden,  secret,  occult,  inscrutable. 

Ant. — Visible,  apparent,  manifest,   conspicuous,  explicit. 
Laud.     See  PRAISE. 
Laughable.     See  RIDICULOUS. 
Lavish,  profuse,  extravagant,  prodigal. 

Ant. — Chary,  sparing,   close,   niggardly,  mean,  econom- 
ical. 
Lawful,  legal,  legitimate,  rightful,  constitutional. 

Ant. — Unlawful,  illegal,  wrong,  lawless,  unfair. 
Lax,  Loose,  vague,  dissolute,  licentious,  remiss. 

Ant. — Concise,   coherent,  compact,  strict,   rigid,  severe, 

conscientious. 
Lazy,  idle,  indolent,  slothful,  sluggish,  inactive. 

Ant. — Industrious,  energetic,  laborious,  active,  alert. 


no        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Lead,  conduct,  guide,   direct,  induce,  persuade,  influence. 
Ant.- — Mislead,  dissuade,   follow,   abandon,    leave,  mis- 
guide. 

Leader.     See  CHIEF. 

Leading,  principal,  chief,  governing,  ruling,  important. 
Ant. — Unimportant,    subordinate,    inferior,    lower,   suc- 
ceeding, following. 
League,    alliance,    confederacy,    combination,    coalition 

union. 

Ant. — Dissolution,  neutrality,  secession,  disunion,  aliena- 
tion. 
Lean,  a.  thin,  scraggy,  lank,  skinny,  meager. 

Ant. — Fat,  stout,  brawny,  plump. 
Lean,  v.  incline,  tend,  bend,  slope,  rest,   repose,   confide> 

Ant. — Erect,  raise,  rise,  straighten,  stabilitate. 
Leap.    See  JUMP. 

Learning,  knowledge,  scholarship,  erudition,  lore. 
Ant. — Ignorance,  illiteracy,  intuition. revelation,  inspira* 

tion. 
Leave,  n.  liberty,  licence,  permission. 

Ant. — Prohibition,  prevention,  refusal,  restriction. 
Leave,  v.  quit,  relinquish,  renounce,  give  up,  retire,  de- 
part, go,  withdraw. 

Ant. — Pursue,   prosecute,  seek,  court,  hold,   keep,   sup- 
port, occupy. 
Legal.    See  LAWFUL. 
Legend,  fable,  myth,  memoir,  chronicle. 

Ant. — Fact,  history,  transaction,  substantiation. 
Legitimate,  legal,  lawful,  genuine,  fair. 

Ant. — Illegitimate,  illicit,  unallowable,  unfair,  bastard. 
Leisure,  vacation,  recess,  freedom,  convenience,  ease. 
Ant. — Toil,    labor,   business,    employment,    occupation, 

engagement. 
Lengthen,  extend,  elongate,  protract,  prolong. 

Ant. — Condense,  abbreviate,  shorten,  contract. 
Lessen,  abate,  diminish,  decrease,  lower,  subside. 

Ant. — Lengthen,  increase,  extend,  elongate. 
Let.    See  ALLOW. 

Letter,  epistle,  note,  communication. 
Ant. — Word,  speech,  conversation. 
Level,  even,  plain,  smooth,  flat. 

Ant.—' Uneven,  unequal,  rough,  rolling,  inclined. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  Ill 

t-evity,  giddiness,  lightness,  flightiness. 

Ant. — Gravity,  earnestness,  seriousness. 
Liable,  exposed  to,  subject  to,  amenable. 

Ant. — Independent,  autocratic. 
Libel,  lampoon,  pasquinade,  defamation,  calumny. 
Ant. — Eulogy,  panegyric,  puff,  encomium,  apology,  vin- 
dication. 

Liberal,  generous,  bountiful,  bounteous,  munificent,  plenti- 
ful. 

Ant. — Illiberal,   mean,  ungenerous,   bigoted,  prejudiced. 

Liberate,  set  free,  free,  deliver,  discharge,  release,  let  gp. 

Ant. — Confine,  immure,  imprison,  restrict,  bind,  enslave. 

Liberty,  leave,  permission,  freedom,  independence. 

Ant. — Slavery,  servitude,  dependence,  submission,  co»^ 

straint. 

Licentious,    loose,  lax,    dissolute,    rakish,   unbridled,   de- 
bauched. 

Ant. — Temperate,  strict,  sober,  ascetic,  rigid. 
Lie,    untruth,  falsehood,    falsity,    fabrication,    fiction,   io 

vention,  story. 
Ant. — Truth,  fact,  verity. 
iLife,  animation,  vivacity,  buoyancy,  spirits,  history,  career, 

existence. 

Ant. — Death,  decease,  lethargy,  torpor,  dullness. 
Lift,  raise,  elevate,  erect,  exalt,  hoist. 

Ant. — Sink,  depress,  degrade,  lower,  cast,  hurt. 
Light,  illuminate,  illumine,  enlighten,  lighten. 
Ant. — Darken,  obscure,  dim,  shade,   mystify,  misinter- 

pret. 

Lightness,    levity,    flightiness,    volatility,    giddiness,    in- 
constancy. 

Ant. — Darkness,  gravity,  seriousness. 
Likeness,  picture,  image,   effigy,  resemblance,  similarity, 

representation,  similitude. 
Ant. — Original,  unlikeness,  dissimilarity,  inequality,  di* 

parity. 

Likelihood.    See  PROBABILITY. 
Likewise,  also,  too,  as  well. 

Ant. — Nor,  otherwise. 
Limit,  n.  extent,  boundary,  bound,  border. 

Ant. — Extension,  infinity. 
Limit,  v.  bound,  circumscribe,  restrict,  confin*. 


Jl2         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Extend,  prolong,  unconfine,  loosen. 
Limpid.     See  CLEAR. 
Lineage,  descent,  family,  house,  generation 

Ant. — Source,  origin,  ancestry. 
Linger,  tarry,  loiter,  wait,  lag.  saunter. 

Ant. — Hasten,  speed,  press   push. 
Link,  tie,  bind,  join,  chain. 

Ant. — Disjoin,  break,  untie,  unbind. 
Liquid,  fluid,  juicy,  watery,  fluent,  limpid. 

Ant. — Solid,  hard,  congealed,  dry   harsh,  discordant 
Liquidate.     See  PAY. 
List.     See  CATALOGUE. 
Listen,  list,  hearken,  heed,  attend  to. 

Ant. — Ignore,  disregard,  refuse,  repudiate. 
Listless,  indifferent,  indolent,  careless,  languid. 

Ant. — Eager,    attentive,    active,    earnest,     awake,     in 

terested. 
Literal,  actual,  real,  positive,  true. 

Ant. — General,  metaphorical,  figurative,  free. 
Little,  small,  diminutive,  dwarf,  tiny,  short,  scanty,  brief, 
slight,  weak,  petty,  paltry. 

Ant. — Big,    bulky,    large,  enormous,   huge.   long,  full, 

much,  important,  liberal,  generous,  noble. 
Live,  exist,  subsist,  dwell,  act. 

Ant. — Die,  perish,  wither,  vanish,  fade,  fail,  depart. 
Livelihood,  living,  support,  sustenance. 

Ant. — Want,  starvation,  beggary. 

Lively,  active,  brisk,    quick,   sprightly,    prompt,   buoyant, 
racy,  vivacious. 

Ant. — Lifeless,  listless,    dull,   indifferent,  torpid,  insenr 

sible. 
Loath,  a.  reluctant,  backward,  unwilling. 

Ant. — Eager,  willing,  alert,  anxious. 
Loathe.    See  ABHOR. 
Lofty,  high,  tall,  elevated,  exalted. 

Ant. — Low,  depressed,  stunted,  undignified. 
Logical,  sound,  argumentative,  conclusive, 

Ant. — illogical    inconclusive,  fallacious 
Loiter,  wait,  linger,  tarry,  saunter,  lag. 

Ant. — Hasten,  hurry,  speed,  rush. 
Lone.    See  SOLITARY, 
Look.    See  ASPECT. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  113 

Eo6k,  see,  witness,  view,  eye,  inspect. 

Ant. — Overlook,  hide,  avert,  miss,  furk. 
Loose,  vague,  indefinite,  lax,  slack,   dissolute,   licentious, 
rakish,  wanton. 

Ant. — Tied,   fast,   bound,  tight,    compact,  accurate,  ex- 
act, logical,  conscientious. 
Loss,  damage,  detriment,  waste. 

Ant. — Gain,    advantage,    satisfaction,    recovery,    econ- 
omy. 
Lot,  destiny,  future,  doom. 

Ant. — Law,  provision,  design,  purpose,  portion. 
Loud,  noisy,   clamorous,   vociferous,   blustering,    riotous; 
turbulent,  tumultuous. 

Ant. — Soft,  quiet,  gentle,  subdued,  dulcet,  inaudible. 
Love,  endearment,  affection,  attachment,  fondness. 

Ant. — Hatred,    dislike,    coldness,    indifference,    repug- 
nance, malice. 
Lovely,  charming,  amiable,  delightful. 

Ant. — Homely,  unlovely,  unattractive,  hideous,  plain. 
Lover,  suitor,  sweetheart,  wooer. 

Ant. — Rival,  foe,  opponent. 
Low,  humble,  lowly,  base,  mean,  filthy,  foul,  gentle. 

Ant. — High,  tall,  elevated,  raised,  loud,  eminent. 
Lower,  reduce,  humble,  humiliate,  degrade,  debase. 

Ant. — Hoist,  raise,  heighten,  increase,  elevate. 
Lowering.     See  GLOOMY. 
Luck.     See  CHANCE. 
(Luckless.    See  HAPLESS. 
iucre,  gain,  profit,  emolument,  money. 

Ant. — Loss,  poverty,  dross,  failure,  privation. 
Ludicrous.    See  RIDICULOUS. 
Lull,  quiet,  hush,  still,  calm. 

Ant. — Storm,  tempest,  tumult,  excitement. 
Luminous.     See  LIGHT. 
Lunacy,  derangement,  madness,  insanity,  aberration. 

Ant. — Sanity,  reason,  intelligence,  lucidity. 
Lurid,  gloomy,  murky,  lowering. 

Ant. — Bright,  luminous. 
Luscious,  honeyed,  sweet,  mellifluous. 

Ant. — Sour,  sharp,  tart,  bitter. 

Lustre,  splendor,  brightness,  brilliancy,  effulgence,  refnU 
gence. 


H4         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Dimness,  dullness,  darkness,  cloudiness. 
Lusty,  stout,  strong,  able-bodied,   stalwart,   robust,   mus- 
cular,. 

Ant. — Infirm,  weak,  disabled,  effete,  listless. 
Luxuriant,  overflowing,  exuberant,   redundant,  abundant. 

Ant. — Poor,  mean,  small. 
Luxury,  plenty,  profusness,  voluptuousness. 

Ant, — Ascetisism,  self-denial,  hardship,  poverty^ 

M 

Machination,   stratagem,  imposture,   fraud,   cheat,  trick 
plot. 

Ant. — Detection,  baffling,  defeat,  exposure,  overthrow.  * 
Mad,  wild,  frantic,  distracted,  furious,  rabid,  insane. 

Ant. — Sane,  sensible,  composed,  sober,  rational. 
Madden,  irritate,  enrage,  exasperate. 

Ant. — Calm,  soothe,  pacify,  assuage. 

Madness,   mental    aberration,    insanity,    lunacy,   mania^ 
frenzy,  rage,  fury. 

Ant. — Sanity,  sense,  composure,  sobriety,  rationality. 
Magnanimous,  generous,  august,  dignified,  noble,  exalted, 
lofty. 

Ant. — Mean,  petty,  paltry,  spiteful. 
Magnificence,  splendor,  grandeur,  gorgeousness,  pomp. 

Ant. — Tameness,  tawdryness,  pettiness,  smallness. 
Magnify,  enlarge,  extol,  applaud,  laud,  amplify. 

Ant. — Diminish,  contract,  curtail,  extenuate,  decry. 
Magnitude.     See  SIZE.  J 

Maim,  mutilate,  mangle,  cripple,  lame. 

Ant. — Mend,  strengthen,  restore. 
Main,  chief,  principal,  leading,  first. 

Ant. — Portion,  inferior,  subordinate. 
Maintain.     See  SUPPORT.  x 

Maintenance.    See  LIVELIHOOD. 
Majestic,  dignified,  noble,  stately,  pompous,  grand* 

Ant. — Mean,  small,  undignified,  petty. 
Majesty,  grandeur,  dignity,  honor. 

Ant. — Meanness,  debasement,  degradation. 
Make,  create,  form,  produce,  mold,  shape,  construct,  gain, 
fashion. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  113 

Ant. — Destroy,  demolish,   annihilate,  dismember,  undo 

defeat,  miss,  lose,  mar. 
Malady,  ailment,  disease,  distemper,  disorder,  sickness. 

Ant. — Health,  vigor,  soundness. 
Malediction,  curse,  imprecation,  denunciation,  anathema. 

Ant. — Benediction,  eulogy,  compliment. 
Malefactor.    See  CRIMINAL. 
Malice,  spite,  rancor,  ill-feeling,  grudge,  pique,  animosity. 

Ant. — Charity,  toleration,  love,  kindness,  affection. 
Malicious,  virulent,  malignant,  wicked. 

Ant. — Kind,  loveable,  affectionate,  charitable,  good. 
Manacle.    See  CHAIN. 

Manage,  contrive,  concert,  direct,  handle,  control,  regu- 
late, i 

Ant. — Mismanage,  misconduct,  upset,  derange. 
Management,  direction,  superintendence,  care,  economy. 

Ant. — Maltreatment,  mismanagement,  misconduct. 
Mangle.    See  MAIM. 
Mania.     See  MADNESS. 
Manifest,  v.    See  EXHIBIT. 
Manifest,  a.     See  EVIDENT. 
Manifold,  several,  sundry,  various,  divers,  numerous. 

Ant. — Limited,  few,  scant,  rare. 

Manly,   masculine,   hardy,   vigorous,    courageous,   brave, 
heroic. 

Ant. — Effeminate,  childish,   unmanly,   dastardly,    weak, 

boyish,  timid,  feminine. 

Manner,  habit,  custom,  way,  air,  look,   appearance,  mode, 
style,  fashion. 

Ant. — Design,  performance,  life,  action,  appearance   raw- 
ing 
Manners,  morals,  habits,  behavior,  carriage. 

Ant. — Misbehavior,  awkwardness,  misdemeanor. 
Many,  numerous,  several,   sundry,  divers,  various,  mani? 
fold, 

Ant. — Few,  scarce,  rare,  infrequent. 
Mar.    See  INJURE. 
March,  tramp,  tread,  walk,  step,  space. 

Ant. — Halt,  stop,  stand,  rest,  crawl,  creep,  Jump. 

run. 
Margin,  edge,  rim,  border,  brink,  verge. 

Ant. — Center,  space,  figure,  restriction. 


li6        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Marine,  maritime,  nautical,  naval. 

Ant. — Territorial,  land,  earthly. 

Mark,  «.  sign,  note,   symptom,  token,  indication,   tract, 
vestige,  track  badge,  brand. 

Ant. — Erasure,  effacement,  obliteration,  plainness. 
Mark,  v.  impress,  print,  stamp,  engrave,  note,  notice,  **• 
mark,  show,  indicate. 

Ant. — Ignore,  overlook,  omit,  misindicate. 
Marked.     See  REMARKABLE. 
Marriage,  wedding,  nuptials,  matrimony,  wedlock. 

Ant. — Celibacy,  virginity. 
Marsh.    See  SWAMP. 
Martial.     See  MILITARY. 
Marvelous.    See  WONDERFUL. 
Masculine.     See  MANLY. 
Mask,  visor,  cloak,  veil,  blind. 

Ant. — Truth,  exposure,   detection,  openness,  candor. 
Massacre,  carnage,  slaughter,  butchery. 

Ant. — Deliverance,  quarter,  ransom. 
Massive,  bulky,  heavy,  weighty,  ponderous. 

Ant. — Slight,  frail,  light,  slender. 
Master,  possessor,  proprietor,  head,  owner. 

Ant. — Servant,  slave,  subject,  property,  pupil. 
Masterly,  skillful,  clever   expert,  dexterous,  adroit. 

Ant. — Clumsy,  rude,  unskilled. 

Mastery,  dominion,  rule,  sway,  ascendancy,  supremacy, 
authority,  victory. 

Ant. — Submission,  tutelage,  guidance,  obedience,  failure, 

defeat,  surrender. 

Matchless,  unrivaled,  unequaled,  unparalleled,    peerless, 
incomparable,  inimitable,  surpassing,  unique. 

Ant. — Common,  ordinary,  commonplace. 
Material,  corporeal,  bodily,  physical,  temporal,   moment- 
ous, essential. 

Ant. — Immaterial,    spiritual,   metaphysical,   ideal,   no»» 

essential. 

Matrimony.    See  MARRIAGE. 
Matter.    See  SUBSTANCE  ;  see  also  AFFAIR. 
Mature.    See  RIPE. 
Mawkish,  insipid,  flat,  spiritless,  vapid. 

Ant, — Savorv.  sound,  pungent,  palatable* 


'AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  "117 

Maxim,   adage,   apophthegm,  proverb,    saying,  by-word, 
saw. 

Ant. — Enigma,  sophism,  quibble,  absurdity,  paradox. 
Meager,  poor,  lank,  emaciated,  barren,  dry,  uninteresting. 

Ant. — Stout,  fat,  brawny,  fertile,  copious. 
Mean,  a.  stingy,  niggardly,  low,  abject,  vile,  ignoble,   de- 
graded, contemptible,  vulgar,  despicable. 

Ant. — Generous,  openhanded,  extravagant,  noble,  lofty, 

dignified,  exalted,  extreme,  excessive. 

Mean,  v.  design,  purpose,  intend,  contemplate,  signify,  de. 
note,  indicate. 

Ant. — Say,  state,  enunciate,  do,  perform. 
Meaning,  signification,  import,  acceptation,  sense,  purport. 

Ant. — Statement,  saying,   speech,   proposition,  passage. 
Means,    way,   manner,   method,  mode,   resources,   instru- 
ment. 

Ant. — End,  purpose,  object. 
Mechanic.    See  WORKMAN. 
Meddlesome,  officious,  intermeddling,  interfering. 

Ant. — Helpful,  unofficious,  inobtrusive. 
Mediate,  intercede,  interpose,  interfere,  arbitrate. 

Ant. — Combat,  excite,  irritate. 
Mediocity,  commonplace,  mean,  average. 

Ant. — Superiority,  excellence,  distinction. 
Meditate,  think,  reflect,  muse,  plan. 

Ant. — Execute,  enact,  complete,  consummate. 
Medium.     See  MEANS. 
Medley,  mixture,  variety,  diversity,  miscellany,  confusion. 

Ant. — Classification,    order,    arrangement,     assortment, 

grouping. 
Meek,  unassuming,  mild,  gentle,  yielding. 

Ant. — Bold,  arrogant,  proud,  high-spirited. 
Meet,  apt,  fit,  suitable,  expedient,  proper. 

Ant. — Unsuitable,  unfit,  unmeet. 
Meeting.    See  ASSEMBLY. 

Melancholy,  low-spirited,    dispirited,    dreamy,    sad,    de- 
jected. 

Ant. — Merry,    lively,    sprightly,    blithesome,     cheerful, 

happy. 
Mellow,  ripe,  mature,  soft. 

Ant. — Unripe,  sour,  harsh,  crabbed,  dry. 
Melodious.    Se£  MUSICAL. 


n8        A  DICTION-ARY  OF    SYNONYMOUS 

Melt,  liquefy,  fuse,  dissolve,  moisten. 

Ant. — Consolidate,  freeze,  congeal,  crystalize. 
Memoir,  narrative,  chronicle,  legend,  life,  history. 

Ant. — Myth,  tradition,  romance. 
Memorable,  signal,    distinguished,    marked,    famous,    re* 

markable,  extraordinary. 
Ant. — Ordinary,  insignificant,  petty,  trivia\. 
Memorial,  monument,  memento,  commemoration. 

Ant. — Obliteration,  erasure,  effacement. 
Memory,  remembrance,  recollection,  fame. 

Ant. — Forgetfulness,  oblivion. 
Menace.    See  THREAT. 
Mend,  amend,  correct,  better,  ameliorate,  improve,  rectify. 

Ant. — Impair,  damage,  mar,  corrupt,  spoil,  prevent. 
Menial,  servant,  domestic,  drudge. 

Ant. — Master,  lord,  soverign,  autocrat. 
Mention,  tell,  name,  communicate,  impart,  divulge,  reveal, 

disclose,  inform,  acquaint. 

Ant. — Conceal,  retain,  withhold,  suppress,  omit,  forget. 
Mercenary,  sordid,  selfish,  avaricious. 

Ant. — Generous,  prodigal,  liberal,  unselfish. 
Merchant,  trader,  tradesman,  dealer. 

Ant. — Salesman,  peddler,  jobber,  employee. 
Merciful,  compassionate,  lenient,  clement,  tender,  gracious, 

kind. 

Ant. — merciless,  cruel,  unmerciful,  pitiless,    remorseless. 
Mercy,  lenient,  mildness,  clemency,  compassion,  pity. 

Ant. — Vengeance,  cruelty,  harshness,  execution. 
Merit,  worth,  desert,  excellence. 

Ant. — Badness,  demerit,  imperfection,  defect,  fault,  fafl» 

ing. 
Merited,  deserved,  condign,  suitable,  adequate,  proper. 

Ant. — Unmerited,  undeserved,  improper. 
Merriment,  mirth,  joviality,  jollity,  hilarity. 
Ant. — Soberness,  sobriety,  gravity,  moroseness,  lugubri- 

ousness. 
Merry,  cheerful,  mirthful,  joyous,  gay,  lively,  sprightly, 

blithe,  blithesome,  jovial,  sportive,  jolly. 
Ant. — Melancholy,  dispirited,  sad,  gloomy,  sober,  grave. 
Metaphorical,  figurative,  allegorical,  symbolical. 

Ant. — Literal,  exact,  actual. 
Method,  way.  manner,  mode,  process,  order,  rule,  system. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  119 

Ant. — Disorder,   assumption    hazard,    guess-work,    con- 
jecture. 

Mien.     See  AIR. 
Mighty,  powerful,  potent. 

Ant. — Weak,  impotent,  feeble,  infirm. 
Mild,  soft,  meek,  gentle,  kind,  calm,  moderate. 

Ant. — Violent,  wild,  fierce,  savage,  strong,  severe,  harsh 

bitter. 
Military,  soiuierlike,  martial,  warlike. 

Ant. — Unmilitary,  peaceful,  civil,  civilian,  unmartial. 
Mind,  v.  heed,  advert  to,  regard. 

Ant. — Disregard,  ignore,  overlook,  miss. 
Mind,  n.  sentiirent.  opinion,  idea,  notion,  intellect,  under- 
standing 

Ant. — Body,  limD_    action,  conduct,  object,  aversion. 
Mindful,  observant,  attentive,  heedful,  thoughtful. 

Ant. — Regardless,  inattentive,  mindless,  oblivious 
Mingle,  mix,  blend,  compound,  amalgamate. 

Ant. — Separate,  sift,  sort,  analyze,  eliminate,  unravel. 
Minister,  n.  official,  divine,  clergyman,   ecclesiastic,    par- 
son, curate,  incumbent. 

Ant. — Government,  nation,  master,  head,  layman. 
Minister,  v.  administer,  contribute,  supply. 

Ant. — Rule,  command,  exact,  lead. 
Minute,  particular,  specific,  circumstantial,  microscopic. 

Ant. — Big,  huge,  enormous,    superficial,   general,    com- 
prehension. 

Mirth,  joy,  merriment,    gladness,    festivity,   joviality,   hi- 
!         larity,  cheerfulness,  vivacity,  gaiety,  fun,  jollity. 

Ant. — Sadness,  sorrow,  trouble,  gravity,  sobriety,  mel- 
ancholy. 
Miscellaneous,  promiscuous,  indiscriminate,  mixed. 

Ant. — Selected,  classified,  orderly,  systematized. 
Miscellany,  medley,  diversity,  variety,  mixture. 

Ant. — System,  order,  group,  collection,  classification. 
Mischance,  calamity,  disaster,  misfortune,  mishap,  misad- 
venture. 

Ant. — Chance,  design,  purpose,  predestination,  law. 
Mischief,  injury,  harm,  damage,  hurt,  evil,  ill. 

Ant. — Compensation,  benefit,  favor,  good. 
Misconception,  misapprehension,  misunderstanding,  mis- 
take. 


MO         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Conception,  understanding,  truth,  verity. 
Miscreant.     See  ROGUE. 
Miserable,  unhappy,  wretched,  distressed,  afflicted. 

Ant. — Happy,      contented,      comfortable,      respectable, 

worthy. 
Miserly,  stingy,  niggardly,  avaricious,  griping. 

Ant. — Prodigal,  extravagant,  generous,  liberal. 
Misery,  wretchedness,  woe,  destitution,  penury,  privation. 

Ant. — Happiness,  comfort,  content,  respect,  worth,  lux- 
ury, ease. 

Misfortune.     See  DISASTER. 
Misguide,  mislead,  dazzle,  beguile,  deceive. 

Ant. — Guide,  lead,  show,  conduct,  aid,  help,  encourage. 
Mislead.     See  MISGUIDE. 
Misrule,  anarchy,  confusion. 

Ant. — Rule,  order,  stability,  government,  peace. 
Miss,  omit,  lose,  fail,  miscarry. 

Ant. — Meet,  spy,  accost,  address,  conduct. 
Mission,  commission,  legation,  embassy,  errand. 

Ant. — Assumption,  usurpation,  self-appointment,  relaxa- 
tion, pleasure. 
Mistake,  n.     See  ERROR. 
Mistake,  v.  err,  fail,  misconceive,  misapprehend. 

Ant. — Apprehend,  affirm,  know,  recognize. 
Misty,    murky,    dark,    dim,    obscure,    cloudy,    shadowy, 
dusky. 

Ant. — Bright,  clear,  lucid. 
Misunderstand.     See  Mistake. 
Mitigate,  alleviate,  relieve,  abate,  diminish. 

Ant. — Aggravate,  enhance,  enlarge,  increase,  extend. 
Mix.     See  MINGLE. 
Mixture.    See  VARIETY. 
Mob,  crowd,  concourse,  multitude,  throng,  bevy. 

Ant. — Individual,  meeting,  congregation. 
Mock,  mimic,  imitate,  ape,  deride,  ridicule. 

Ant. — Salute,  respect,  admire,  compliment,  copy. 
Mode.     See  METHOD. 
Model,  copy,  pattern,  specimen,  example,  standard,  type. 

Ant. — Imitation,  copy,  execution,  production,  work. 
Moderate,  temperate,  abstemious,  sober,  abstinent. 

Ant. — Excessive,  extravagant,  intemperate,  violent. 
Moderation,  temperance,  sobriety,  abstemiousness. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  121 

Ant, — Excess,  intemperance,  extravagance. 
Modern,  novel,  new,  recent,  present. 

Ant. — By-gone,  ancient,  past,  olden,  antiquated. 
Modest,  chaste,  virtuous,  bashful,  reserved,  meek. 

Ant. — Immodest,  bold,  vulgar,  coarse,  forward,  pushing, 

assertive. 
Moist,  wet,  damp,  dank,  humid. 

Ant. — Arid,  dry,  parched. 

Molest,   annoy,  incommode,  discommode    incommodate, 
vex,  tease,  disturb. 

Ant. — Soothe,  caress,  pacify,  mollify. 
Moment,  consequence,  weight,  importance,  instant,  trice. 

Ant. — Triviality,     unimportance,     insignificance,     age, 

period. 
Monotonous,  unvaried,  dull,  tiresome,  undiversified. 

Ant. — Varied,  diversified,  different,  relieved. 
Monster,  ruffian,  villain,  brute,  prodigy. 

Ant. — Beauty,  gem,  jewel,  angel. 

Monstrous,  shocking,  dreadful,  horrible,  prodigious,  por. 
tentous,  marvellous,  abnormal. 

Ant. — Fair,  comely,  shapely,  beautiful,  ordinary,  famil- 
iar, reasonable,  just. 
Monument.     See  MEMORIAL. 
Mood,  humor,  vein,  temper. 

Ant. — Disposition,  nature,  character. 
Moral,  regular,  strict,  virtuous,  ethical. 

Ant. — Immoral,  vicious,  bad,  physical,  material. 
Morass.     See  SWAMP. 
Morbid,  sick,  ailing,  sickly,  diseased,  corrupted. 

Ant. — Healthy,  sound,  wholesome. 
Morning,  daybreak,  morn,  dawn,  sunrise,  forenoon,  A.  M. 

Ant. — Evening,  afternoon,  night,  sunset,  P.  M. 
Morose,  gloomy,  sullen,  surly,  fretful,  crabbed,  crusty. 

Ant. — Genial,  kindly,  gentle,  indulgent. 
Mortal,  human,  deadly,  fatal,  destructive. 

Ant. — Divine,  immortal,  celestial,  life-giving. 
Mortify,  vex,    chagrin,   grieve,   hurt,   afflict,    annoy,   rot, 
putrefy. 

Ant. — Please,  gratify,   delight,    indulge,    pamper,   heal, 

recover. 
Motion,  proposition,  proposal,  movement,  change,  action. 

Ant. — Rest,  equilibrium,  stability,  fixity,  inaction. 


I2»        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Motionless,  still,  stationary,  torpid,  stagnant. 

Ant. — Active,  unstable,  nervous,  moving. 
Motive,   cause,   reason,  principle,  inducement,  incentive, 

impulse,  spur,  stimulus. 

Int. — Result,  end,  action,  effort,  deed,  attempt. 
Xttotley,  heterogeneous,  diversified,  mixed 

Ant. — Uniform,  homogeneous,  alike. 
Mottled,  dappled,  dotted,  spotted,  flecked,  speckled. 

Ant. — Uniform,  unspotted,  clear. 
Mount.     See  ASCEND. 
Mournful.    See  SAD. 

Move,  actuate,  impel,  induce,  prompt,  instigate,  persuade, 
stir,  agitate,  propel,  push. 

Ant. — Stand,    stop,    rest,    stay,    allay,    deter,    prevent 

arrest. 
Moving,  affecting,  touching,  pathetic,  melting. 

Ant. — Laughing,  ridiculous,  absurd,  ineffective- 
Much,  ample,  plenteous,  copious. 

Ant. — Little,  scant,  short,  near. 
Muffle,  deaden,  disguise,  conceal,  cover,  shroud, 

Ant. — Unfold,  exhibit,  reveal. 
Multitude,  crowd,  throng,  host,  mob,  swarm. 

Ant. — Paucity,  scarcity,  sprinkling. 
Munificent,  bounteous,  bountiful,  generous,  liberal. 

Ant. — Niggardly,  mean,  beggarly,  miserly. 
Murder,  kill,  assassinate,  slay,  massacre,  despatch. 

Ant. — Resuscitate,  revivify,  protect,  shield,  guard. 
Murderous.    See  SAVAGE. 
Murky,  dark,  dusky,  dim,  cloudy,  misty,  shadowdy. 

Ant. — Clear,  light,  pleasant,  bright. 

Muse,  meditate,  contemplate,  think,  reflect,  cognitate,  pon- 
der. 

Ant. — Stir,  act,  move,  perform. 
Music,  harmony,  melody,  symphony. 

Ant. — Discord,  babel,  harshness. 
Musical,  tuneful,  melodious,  harmonious,  dulcet,  sweet. 

Ant. — Discordant,  harsh,  inharmonious,  unmclodious. 
Muster,  collect,  rally,  assemble,  congregate. 

Ant. — Dismiss,  disperse,  disband,  relegate 
Musty,  stale,  sour,  fetid. 

Ant. — Fresh,  odorous,  aromatic,  fragrant. 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  123 

Mutable,  inconstant,  unsteadfast,  unstable,  fickle,  altera- 
ble, restless,  fitful,  variable,  changeable,  unsteady, 
undecided. 

•int. — Immutable,  permanent,  changeless,  eternal. 
Mute,  dumb,  silent,  speechless. 

Ant. — Voluble,  garrulous,  loquacious,  talkative 
Mutilate.     See  MAIM. 

Mutinous,  insurgent,  seditious,  tumultuous,  turbulent,  riot- 
ous. 

Ant. — Orderly,  obedient,  quiet,  pacific. 
Mysterious,  dark,  obscure,    hidden,   secret,   dim,   mystic, 

enigmatical,  unaccountable. 

Ant. — Clear,  plain,    obvious,    simple,    explained,  under- 
stood. 
Mystify,  confuse,  perplex,  puzzle. 

Ant. — Enlighten,  inform,  guide,  elucidate. 
Myth,  fable,  legend,  fiction,  parable. 
Ant. — Fact,  history,  narration,  truth. 

N 

Naked,  nude,   bare,   uncovered,   unclothed,   rough,   rude, 

simple. 

Ant. — Dressed, robed,  clothed,  protected,  veiled,shrouded. 
Name,  v.  denominate,  style,  designate,  term,  call,  christen, 

specify. 

Ant. — Misname,  miscall,  hint,  suggest. 
Name,  n.  appellation,  designation,  denomination,  title,  cog- 
nomen  reputation,  character,  fame,  credit,  repute. 
Ant. — Misnomer,    anonymity,  pseudonym. 
Narrate,   tell,  relate,  detail,  recount,  describe,  enumerate, 

rehearse,  recite. 

Ant. — Suppress,  conceal,  hide,  retain,  withhold,  misrep- 
resent. 

Narrow,  bigoted,  illiberal,    contracted,    confined,    circum- 
scribed, straightened,  limited. 
Ant. — Liberal,  tolerant,   generous,   wide,   broad,  ample, 

easy. 
Nasty,  filthy,  foul,  dirty,  unclean,  impure,  indecent,  gross, 

vile. 

y4«/..~-Nice,  pure,  agreeable,  pleasant. 
Nation,  people,  community,  realm,  state. 


124         A  DICTION  A  R  Y  OF  S  YNON  YMO  US 

Ant. — Individuals,  subjects,  dependents,  colonists. 
Native,  real,  genuine,  indigenous,  vernacular,  mother. 

Ant. — Foreign,   alien,  imported,   acquired,   artificial,  as- 
sumed, affected. 
Natural,  original,  regular,  normal,  bastard. 

Ant. — Unnatural,  abnormal,   adventitious,  fictitious,  af- 
fected. 
Nausea,  qualm,  sea-sickness,  disgust,  loathing,  aversion. 

Ant. — Relish,  enjoyment,  taste,  health. 
Nautical.    See  MARINE. 
Near,  nigh,  neighboring,  close,  adjacent,  contiguous. 

Ant. — Far,  distant,  remote,  off,  foreign,  removed. 
Neat,  nice,  spruce,  trim,  precise,  pure. 

Ant. — Slovenly,  careless,  dirty,  unclean,  nasty. 
Necessary,  needful,  expedient,    essential,  requisite,  indis- 
pensable. 

Ant. — Unnecessary,   contingent,  unessential,  accidental 

casual,  optional,  discretional. 
Necessitate,  compel,  force,  oblige. 

Ant. — Ask,  suggest,  hint,  supplicate,  beg. 
Necessity,  need,  occasion,  exigency    emergency,  urgency, 
want,  poverty. 

Ant. — Uncertainty,  uselessness,  superfluity,  competence, 

casualty,  contingency,  freedom,  choice. 
Need.    See  NECESSITY. 
Needful.    See  NECESSARY. 
Neglect,  v.  disregard,  slight,  omit,  overlook. 

Ant. — Respect,  consider,  notice,  observe,  attend,  regard 

foster. 

Neglect,  n.    See  ». 
Neighborhood,  vicinity,  nearness,  adjacency,  proximity. 

Ant. — Remoteness,  distance. 
Nerve,  fiber,  sinew,  tendon,  force,  pluck,  courage. 

Ant. — Timidity,  cowardice,  hesitation. 
Nerveless,  feeble,  impuissant,  weak,  forceless,  enfeebled, 
debilitated,  enervated,  impotent,  paralyzed,  palsied. 

Ant. — Strong,  healthy,  sound,  active,  bold,  fearless. 
Nervous,  timid,  timorous,  shaky. 

Ant. — Cool,  collected,  calm. 
Nettle.    See  AGGRAVATE. 
Neutralize,  counterbalance,  counteract. 

Ant. — Aggregate,  enhance,  intensify. 


AMD  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  125 

New,  fresh,  recent,  novel,  modern. 

Ant. — Old,  ancient,  antique,  antiquated,  obsolete 
News,  tidings,  intelligence,  information. 

Ant. — Antiquity,  oldness,  staleness. 

Nice,  good,  fine,  delicate,  exact,  accurate,  particular,  pre- 
cise, fastidious. 

Ant. — Coarse,  rude,  rough,  nasty,  unscrupulous,  inexact, 

inaccurate. 

Niggardly.     See  MISERL 
Nigh.     See  NEAR. 
Nimble.     See  ACTIVE. 
Nobility,  aristocracy,  greatness,  grandeur,  peerage. 

Ant. — Obscurity,  plebeian,  meanness,  commonality. 
Noble,  exalted,  elevated,  dignified,  illustrious,  great,  grand, 
stately,  lofty. 

Ant. — Ignoble,  mean,  plebeian,  paltry,  small. 
Nocturnal,  nightly,  gloomy,  dark. 

Ant. — Diurnal,  light,  daily,  brilliant,  solar. 
Noise,  cry,  outcry,  clamor,  row,  din,  uproar,  tumult. 

Ant. — Stillness,  hush,  silence,  music,  note,  melody. 
Nominate,  name,  entitle,  appoint,  invest,  present. 

Ant. — Suggest,  indicate,  recall,  deprive,  cancel,  withdraw. 
Nonsensical.     See  SILLY. 
Notable.     See  REMARKABLE. 
Note.     See  MARK. 
Noted.     See  REMARKABLE. 

Notice,    advice,    notification,    intelligence,    information 
warning. 

Ant. — Neglect,  oversight,  disregard,  slight,  omission. 
Noticeable.     See  REMARKABLE. 
Notification.     See  NOTICE. 
Notify,  publish,  acquaint,  communicate,  inform,  declare, 

Ant. — Suppress,  withhold,  conceal. 

Notion,   conception,  idea,  belief,  opinion,  sentiment,  im- 
pression. 

Ant. — Misconception,  misapprehension,  falsification 
Notorious,  noted,  well-known,  renowned,  infamour 

Ant. — Suspected,  reported,  famous. 
Nourish,  nurture,  cherish,  foster,  supply. 

Ant. — Starve,  blight,  destroy,  wither,  kill. 
Nourishment.     See  DIET. 
Novel.    See  NEW. 


126         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Noxious,  hurtful,  deadly,  poisonous,  deleterious,  baneful 

Ant. — Wholesome,  healthy,  useful,  beneficial. 
Nugatory,  ineffectual,  futile,  useless,  null,  void. 

Ant. — Potent,  serious,  important,  efficacious,  successful. 
Nullify.     See  ANNUL. 
Number.     See  COUNT. 
Numerous,  many,  sundry,  various,  several. 

Ant. — Few,  sparse,  scant. 
Nuptials.     See  MARRIAGE. 
Nurture.     See  NOURISH. 
Nutrition,  food,  diet,  nutriment,  nourishment. 

Ant, — Exhaustion,  starvation,  inanition. 

o 

Obdurate,  hard,  callous,  hardened,  unbending,  graceless, 

unfeeling,  insensible,  unsusceptible. 
Ant. — Tender,    softened,  flexible,    yielding,    amenable, 

docile. 
Obedient,  compliant,  submissive,  dutiful,  respectful. 

Ant. — Disobedient,  rebellious,  mutinous,  antagonistic. 
Obese.     See  FAT. 
Obey,  conform,  comply,  submit. 

Ant. — Resist,  rebel,  violate,  transgress,  disobey. 
Object,  n.  aim,  end,  purpose,  design,  mark,  butt. 

Ant. — Idea,  notion,  subject,  proposal. 

Object,  v.  oppose,  except  to,  contravene,   Jmpeach,  depre- 
cate. 

Ant. — Agree,  comply,  aid,  help,  abet,  encourage. 
Obligation,  duty,  favor,  engagement,  contract,  bond. 
Ant. — Promise,    word,   choice,   freedom,   intention,    ex- 
emption. 
Oblige,  compel,  bind,  engage,   concuss,  coerce,  constrain, 

force,  impel,  accommodate,  gratify. 

Ant. — Release,    acquit,    induce,   persuade     annoy,    dis- 
obey. 
Obliging,  accommodating,  civil,  courteous,  considerate. 

Ant. — Discourteous,  rude,  perverse,  disobliging. 
Obliterate,  erase,  blot  out,  expunge,  efface. 

Ant. — Insert,  mark,  note,  introduce. 
Obloquy,  odium,  reproach,  censure,  abuse,  scurrility,  op 
probrium,  shame. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  127 

Ant. — Praise,  enconium,  encouragement,  congratulation. 
Obnoxious,  hateful,  offensive,  liable,  exposed,  unpopular. 
Ant. — Pleasant,    wholesome,    salutary,   beneficial,   pop- 
ular. 
Obscene,  lewd,  foul,  filthy,  indecent,  indelicate,  shameless. 

Ant. — Pure,  modest,  virtuous,  decent. 
Obscure,   a.  dim,   misty,   cloudy,  shadowy,  dusky,  dark, 

gloomy,  indistinct,  unknown,  humble,  unintelligible. 
Ant. — Plain,  distinct,  lucid,  bright,  luminous,  prominent, 

eminent. 
Obscure,  v.  shade,  dim,  cloud,  darken. 

Ant. — Lighten,  brighten,  unveil,  expose. 
Observance,    form,    etiquette,  ceremony,  solemnity,    rite, 

celebration,  usage,  custom. 

Ant. — Disuse,    omission,    informality,    disrespect,    un- 
mindful, unconventionality. 
Observant,  watchful,  mindful,  attentive,  heedful. 

Ant. — Unobservant,   heedless,    careless,   neglectful,  un- 
mindful. 
Observation,  remark,  comment,  notice. 

Ant. — Inattention,  oversight,  inadvertence,  disregard. 
Observe,  keep,  fulfill,  heed,  obey,  perform,  notice,  remark 

watch. 

Ant. — Omit,  miss,  ignore,  fail,  disregard. 
Obsolete,  disused,  antiquated,   old-fashioned,  ancient,  old. 

Ant. — Current,  extant,  modern,  fashionable. 
Obstacle,  difficulty,  impediment,  stumbling-block,  barrier, 

hindrance,  obstruction. 

Ant. — Aid,  incentive,  encouragement,  help,  course. 
Obstinate,  firm,  dogged,    pertinacious,   perverse,   intract- 
able, stubborn,  headstrong. 

Ant. — Docile,    complaisant,    amenable,    yielding,    irres- 
olute. 
Obstruct,  hinder,  prevent,    impede,   bar,    clog,   barricade, 

choke,  interrupt. 

Ant. — Clear,    open,    facilitate,    expedite,    aid,   help,    ad- 
vance, promote. 
Obtain.    See  ACQUIRE. 
Obtuse,  stolid,  heavy-headed,  dull,  stupid,  unintelligent. 

Ant. — Acute,  sharp,  clever,  intelligent. 
Obviate,  prevent,  preclude,  hinder,  provide  against, 
Ant. — Necessitate,  compel  order. 


128        A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Obvious.    See  APPARENT. 

Occasion,  «.    necessity,    need,    event,    opening,   ground, 

reason. 

Ant. — Untimeliness,  unseasonableness. 
Occasion,  v.  cause,  make,  create,  induce,  generate. 

Ant. — Frustrate,  hinder,  mar. 
Occasional,  accidental,  casual,  incidental. 

Ant. — Frequent,  often,  always,  permanent,  continual. 
Occult,   secret,   hidden,   unknown,   invisible,   dark,  mys- 
terious. 

Ant. — Plain,  clear,  open,  familiar,  exposed. 
Occupation,  occupancy,  profession,   holding,  tenure,  busi- 
ness,  trade,    avocation,    calling,    engagement,    office, 
pursuit. 
Ant. — Idleness,    indolence,     rest,     enjoyment,    leisure, 

resignation,  abandonment. 
Occupy.     See  HOLD. 
Occur,  happen,  take  place,  appear,  offer,  present  itself. 

Ant. — Pass,  threaten,  impend. 

Odd,   singular,   eccentric,  strange,    extraordinary,    whim- 
sical, comical,  droll,  uneven. 

Ant. — Usual,  regular,  normal  common,  balanced,  aggre- 
gate, matched,  even. 
Odious,  hateful,   loathsome,    execrable,    detestable,  abom* 

inable,  disgusting,  repulsive. 
Ant. — Pleasant,  pleasing,  acceptable,  delectable. 
Odor.     See  SMELL. 

Offence,  affront,  insult,    outrage,  indignity,  misdeed,  tres- 
pass, transgression,  wrong,  misdemeanor,  injustice. 
Ant. — Defence,  innocence,  gentleness,  favor,  right. 
Offend,  displease,  vex,  nettle,   irritate,    shock,    transgress, 

err. 

Ant. — Conciliate,  gratify,  please. 
Offensive,  insulting,  rude,  saucy,    impertinent,  distasteful, 

obnoxious,  opprobrious. 

Ant. — Defensive,  grateful,  pleasant,  agreeable,  savory. 
Offer,  present,  bid,  tender,  proffer,    extend,    propose,   vol- 
unteer. 

Ant. — Withdraw,  retract,  retain,  withhold,  divert. 
Office,    business,    post,    situation,    duty,  charge,  benefit, 

service,  counting-house. 
Ant. — Leisure,  vacancy,  sinecure,  home. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  129 

Officer,  functionary,  official,  commandant. 

Ant. — Private,  civilian,  member,  servant,  subordinate. 
Officious,  busy,  obtrusive,  interfering,  meddling, 

Ant. — Modest,  retiring,  unofficious,  negligent. 
Offspring,  issue,  progeny,  descendants,  children. 

Ant. — Ancestry,  paternity. 
Often,  frequently,  recurrently,  repeatedly,  many  times. 

Ant. — Seldom,  infrequently,  never. 
Old.     See  AGED. 
Omission,  oversight,  failure,  neglect,  default. 

Ant. — Attention,  insertion,  notice,  performance. 
Omit,  leave  out,  miss,  overlook. 

Ant. — Insert,  notice,  perform,  do. 
One,  common,  united,  single,  individual,  undivided. 

Ant. — Plurality,  multitude,  variety,  diversity. 
Onerous,  burdensome,  heavy,  laborious,  responsible,   op. 
pressive,  toilsome. 

Ant. — Light,  easy,  trivial,  slight. 
Onset.     See  ATTACK. 
Onward,  forward,  ahead,  progressive. 

Ant. — Backward,  back,  retrograde. 
Ooze,  exude,  drop,  percolate,  filter. 

Ant. — Pour,  rush,  flow,  stream. 
Opaque,  dull,  dark,  cloudy. 

Ant. — Transparent,  clear. 

Open,  a.  candid,  frank,  unreserved,  free,  ingenuous,  sincere 
unaffected,  genuine,  undisguised,  unfolded. 

Ant. — Close,  shut,  reserved,  unavailable,  settled. 
Open,  v.  unclose,  unlock,  unseal,  exhibit,  dissolve,  spread 
expand,  begin. 

Ant. — Close,  shut,  cover,  conceal,  inclose,  mystify. 
Opening,  breach,  aperture,  gap,  rent,  hollow,  chasm,  cleft, 
crevice,  cranny,  fissure,  chink,  chance. 

Ant. — Obstruction,  enclosure,  close,  end,  conclusion. 
Operate,  act,  do,  make,  work,  labor. 

Ant. — Cease,  rest,  fail,  stop. 

Operation,   action,   agencys  instrumentality,  force,  effort, 
enterprise. 

Ant. — Cessation,  inaction,  rest,  inefficacy. 
Operative,  stringent,  effective,  serviceable,  binding. 

Ant. — Inoperative,  inefficacious. 


13°        A  DICTIONARY  OF    SYNONYMOUS 

Opinion,  view,  idea,  sentiment,  feeling,  notion,  impression, 
conviction,  theory. 

Ant. — Knowledge,  verity,  fact. 
Opponent.     See  ADVERSARY. 
Opportune,  seasonable,  timely,  fit,  well-timed,  proper. 

Ant. — Inopportune,  untimely,  unseasonable,  infelicitous. 
Opportunity,  occasion,  chance,  opening. 

Ant. — Unseasonableness,  lapse,  omission. 
Oppose,  combat,  bar,  hinder,  resist,  withstand,  contradict. 

Ant. — Aid,  abet,  help,  support,  expedite,  sustain 
Opposing,  conflicting,  jarring,  neutralizing. 

Ant. — Agreeing,  supporting,  aiding,  helping. 
Opposite,  adverse,  diverse,  contrary,  hostile,  antagonistic, 
repugnant,  incompatible,  paradoxical,  facing. 

Ant. — Agreeing,  coincident,  neighboring. 
Oppress,  overburden,  overbear,  overtask,  persecute,  abuse. 

Ant. — Encourage,  support,  assist,  befriend 
Oppressive.     See  OPPRESS. 

Opprobrious,  abusive,  scurrilous,  insulting,  offensive,  out- 
rageous, shameful. 

Ant. — Eulogistic,  panegyrical,  flattering,  pleasing,  honor- 
able. 
Opprobrium,  disgrace,  odium,  infamy,  ignominy,  obloquy. 

Ant. — Honor,  respect,  glory,  praise. 
Option,  choice,  preference,  election,  discretion. 

Ant.— -Obligation,  necessity,  compulsion. 
Opulent.     See  RICH. 
Oral,  verbal,  spoken,  parole. 

Ant. — Written,  documentary. 
Oration,  address,  speech,  harangue,  discourse. 

Ant. — Essay,  letter. 
Ordain,  order,  consecrate,  prescribe,  enjoin,  institute. 

Ant. — Revoke,  cancel,  annul,  subvert,  disestablish. 
Order,  «.  succession,  series,  method,  rule,  class,  rank,  de- 
gree, fit  condition,  law,  injunction,  precept,  command. 

Ant. — Disorder,  confusion,   inversion,  execution,    disar- 
rangement. 

Order,  v.  appoint,  prescribe,  enjoin,  command,  direct,  ar- 
range, range,  dispose,  regulate,  organize,  adjust, 
classify. 

Ant. — Disorder,  revoke,  cancel,  confuse,  inrert,  execute. 
Orderly,  regular,  systematic,  methodical,  quiet,  peaceable.  ^ 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  131 

Ant. — Disorderly,  irregular,  riotous. 
Ordinance,  decree,  law,  statute,  edict,  regulation. 

Ant. — Custom,  usuage,  prescription. 
Ordinary,    common,    vulgar,    plain,    customary,    settled, 

wonted,  conventional,  habitual,  usual. 
Ant. — Extraordinary,    uncommon,    strange,    marvelous. 

remarkable,  unconventional,  unusual. 
Organic,  fundamental,  radical,  rooted,  elemental. 

Ant. — Accidental,  unimportant,  inorganic,  vegetal. 
Organize,  dispose,  arrange,  regulate,  adjust. 

Ant. — Disband,  break  up,  disorganize,   dismember,  dis- 
tort, adjourn. 
Organization,  structure,  form,   instrumentality,    construe* 

tion. 

Ant. — Disruption,   disorganization,   dismemberment,  ad- 
journment. 
Orifice,  aperture,  opening. 

Ant, — Stopper,  plug,  obstruction. 
Origin,  commencement,  original,  beginning,    rise,    source, 

spring,  cause. 

Ant. — Termination,  conclusion,  extinction. 
Original,  first,  primary,  pristine,  primeval,  peculiar,  odd. 
Ant. — Derived,    subsequent,     terminal,     later,    modern, 

plagarized. 
Originate,    create,     form,    spring,   ooze,    issue,    proceed, 

begin. 

Ant. — Prosecute,  conduct,  apply. 
Ornament,  adorn,  beautify,  deck,  embellish,  emblazon. 

Ant. — Disfigure,  disgrace,  brand,  spoil,  mar. 
Ostensible,    manifest,    visible,    outward,    colorable,    pro 

fessed. 

Ant. — Real,  genuine,  concealed,  actual,  veritable. 
Ostentation,    display,    pomp,    show,    parade,    vaunting 

boasting. 

Ant. — Reserve,  modesty,  diffidence,  unobtrusiveness. 
Oust,  remove,  eject,  expel,  dislodge,  evict. 

Ant. — Install,  restore,  reinstate. 
Outcast.     See  VAGRANT. 
Outcry,  cry,  clamor,  noise,  scream,  yell. 

Ant. — Quiet,  silence,  acclamation,  plaudit. 
Outdo.    See  EXCEL. 
Outer.    See  EXTERIOR. 


132         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Outlandish,  strange,  foreign,  alien,  barbarous,  clownish. 

Ant. — Regular,  modish,  fashionable,  native. 
Outline,  sketch,  plan,  draft,  contour. 

Ant. — Form,  substance,  figure,  ground,  space. 
Outrage,  affront,  abuse,  injury,  insult,  offence,  indignity. 

Ant. — Favor,    moderation,   self-control,    coolness,  calm* 

ness. 
Outrageous,  monstrous,  flagrant,  violent,  furious,  wild. 

Ant. — Moderate,  reasonable,  justifiable. 
Outset,  commencement,  start,  beginning,  opening. 

Ant. — Close,  termination,  end,  conclusion. 
Outskirts,  suburbs,  environs,  precincts. 

Ant. — Interior,  center,  heart. 
Outward,  outer,  external,  exterior,  extrinsic,  extraneous. 

Ant. — Inward,  internal,  intrinsic,  toward,  homeward. 
Overcharge.    See  OPPRESS. 
Overcome.     See  DEFEAT. 
Overflow,  inundate,  submerge,  deluge,  flood. 

Ant. — Subsidence,  deficiency,  exhaustion. 
Overlook,  inspect,  survey,   excuse,  forgive,  pardon,    neg* 
lect,  miss. 

Ant. — Visit,  scrutinize,  investigate,  mark. 
Overreach.    See  CHEAT. 

Oversight,    inadvertence,   inattention,    neglect,    mistake, 
error,  omission,  inspection,  superintendance. 

Ant. — Scrutiny,  correction,  emendation,  attention,  mark, 

notice. 
Overt,  "pen,  public,  notorious,  manifest,  patent. 

Ant. — Covert,  secret,  clandestine. 

Overthrow,  prostrate,  demolish,  overturn,  destroy,    ruin, 
upset,  beat,  defeat,  discomfit,  rout. 

Ant.— Restore,  reinstate,  regenerate,   revive,  construct, 

build. 
Overture,  pwposal,  offer,  invitation,  resolution. 

Ant. — Inaction,  quiescence. 
Overturn.    See  OVERTHROW. 

Overwhelm,  drown,  overbear,  oppress,  overpower,  subdue, 
crush. 

Ant. — Raise,  re-establish,  rescue,  extricate. 
Owe,  indebted,  beholden. 
"\  Ant. — Repay,  liquidate,  defray. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  133 

Own,    acknowledge,    admit,     confess,     recognize,    have 
possess. 

Ant. — Disown,  abjure,  disavow,  forfeit,  lose,  alienate. 
Owner,  proprietor,  possessor,  master,  holder. 

Ant. — Servant,  subordinate,  lessee. 


Pacific,  peaceful,  peaceable,  mild,  gentle,  calm,  quiet. 

Ant. — Warlike,  tumultuous,  harsh,  quarrelsome,  exasper- 

ating. 
Pacify,  appease,  calm,  quiet,  still,  soothe. 

Ant. — Excite,  exasperate,  irritate,  provoke,  rouse. 
Pagan,  Gentile,  heathen,  idolater. 

Ant. — Believer,   Christian. 
Pageantry,  pomp,  splendor,  show,  magnificence. 

Ant. — Illusion,  mockery,  disorder,  turbulence. 
Pain,  «.  anguish,  agony,  distress,  suffering,  pang,  grief. 

Ant. — Pleasure,  joy,  felicity,  enjoyment,  delight,  ease. 
Pain,  v.  agonize,  rack,  torment,  torture,  trouble,  annoy. 

Ant. — Relieve,  ease,  refresh,  please,  gratify. 
Paint,  color,  represent,  portray,  delineate,  depict. 

Ant. — Daub,    caricature,    misrepresent,    misdepict,   do 

scribe. 
Palatable,  tasteful,  savory,  appetizing. 

Ant. — Unpalatable,  disagreeable,  sour,  unsavory. 
Pale,  pallid,  wan,  whitish,  sallow,  faint. 

Ant. — Ruddy,  deep,  high-colored,  conspicuous. 
Palliate,  extenuate,  varnish,  cover,  allay,  soothe,  soften. 

Ant. — Expose,  denounce,  exaggerate,  aggravate. 
Pallid.     See  PALE. 
Palpable.     See  APPARENT. 
Palpitate,  flutter,  pant,  throb,  pulsate. 

Ant. — Pause,  stop,  cease. 

Paltry,    contemptible,    pitiful,    mean,    sorry,    despicable, 
shabby,  beggarly. 

Ant. — Admirable,   magnificent,  candid,  straightforward, 

estimable. 
Panegyric,  eulogy,  encomium,  eulogium,  praise. 

Ant. — Satire,  sarcasm,  invective,  tirade. 
Pang,  throe,  twinge,  agony,  anguish,  pain,  distress. 

Ant, — Delight,  glow,  enjoyment,  pleasure,  gratification. 


134         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Pant.    See  PALPITATE. 

Parable,  fable,  allegory,  simile,  similitude. 

Ant. — History,  fact,  narrative. 

Parade,  show,  ostentation,  vain-glory,   procession,   spec 
tacle. 

Ant. — Concealment,  modesty,  humility,  plainness,  retirei 

ment. 
Parallel,  equal,  parity,  analogous,  like,  similar. 

Ant. — Divergent,  different,  opposed,  incongruous. 
Paralyze.     See  ENERVATE. 
Paramount,  supreme,  principal,  chief. 

Ant. — Minor,  inferior,  subordinate. 
Parasite,  flatterer,  sycophant,  toady. 

Ant. — Friend,  antagonist,  traducer,  calumniator. 
Pardon,  forgive,  absolve,  overlook,  excuse,   remit,  acquit, 
discharge,  set  free,  clear,  liberate. 

Ant. — Condemn,  punish,  visit,  accuse. 
Parent,  author,  origin,  source,  cause. 

Ant. — Offspring,  child,  issue,  effect,  progeny. 
Parity.     See  EQUALITY. 
Parsimonius.     See  MISERLY. 
Parson,  clergyman,  incumbent,  curate,  minister. 

Ant. — Layman,  member,  sinner. 
Part,  separate,  divide,  sever,  dissever,  disunite,  break. 

Ant. — Join,  annex,  compound,  add,  unite. 
Partake,  participate,  share. 

Ant. — Forfeit,  relinquish. 
Partial,  biassed,  prejudiced,  limited,  incomplete. 

Ant. — Impartial,   just,    fair,   equitable,   total,  universal 

whole. 

Participate.    See  PARTAKE. 
Particular,  singular,  exact,  nice,  punctual,  minute,  careful. 

Ant. — General,  universal,  comprehensive,  rough,  coarse. 
Particularly,  primarily,  especially,  chiefly. 

Ant. — On  the  whole,  generally. 
Partisan.     See  ADHERENT. 
Partition,  part,  divide,  apportion,  distribute. 

Ant. — Unite,  coalesce,  include,  collect,  incorporate. 
Partner,  colleague,  coadjutor,  associate,  sharer,  confeder- 
ate, spouse. 

Ant. — Rival,  opponent,  competitor,  antagonist. 


AtfD  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  I3» 

Partnership,  union,  connection,  firm,   house,  association, 
company,  companionship,  society. 

Ant. — Dissolution,  separation,  disunion. 
Party,    faction,    confederacy,    combination,    detachment, 
clique,  league. 

Ant. — Individual,  nation,  state. 

Passage,  journey,  course,   road,  route,    avenue,  channel, 
clause,  sentence. 

Ant. — Halt,  rest,  stop,  discourse,  essay. 
Pass,  elapse,  glide,  slip,  slide. 

Ant. — Stay,  remain,  stand,  wait. 

Passion,  anger,  rage,  fury,  vehemence,  impetuosity,  love, 
affection. 

Ant. — Apathy,  indifference,  coolness,  frigidity. 
Passionate,  angry,  excitable,  fiery,  vehement,  impetuous, 
glowing,  burning,  ardent,  hot,  hasty,  irritable. 

Ant. — Impassionate,  cool,  deliberate,  apathetic,  quiet. 
Passive,    unresisting,    unopposing,    submissive,   enduring; 
patient. 

Ant. — Active,  alert,  positive,  vehement. 
Pastime,  sport,  play,  recreation,  amusement,  diversion. 

Ant. — Business,  study,  labor,  task,  work. 
Paternal.     See  PARENT. 
Path.     See  ROAD. 
Pathetic,  moving,  touching,  affecting,  melting,  tender. 

Ant. — Ludicrous,  funny,  unaffecting,  farcical. 
Patience,  resignation,  endurance,  fortitude. 

Ant. — Resistance,  impatience,  rebellion,  inconstancy. 
Patient.     See  PASSIVE. 
Patronize,  befriend,  favor,  countenance,  support. 

Ant. — Discountenance,  oppose,  oppress,  disfavor. 
Pattern.     See  MODEL. 
Pauperism.      See  POVERTY. 
Pause,    demur,    hesitate,    deliberate — interval,     suspense, 

Ant. — Continue,  proceed,  advance,  persist,  persevere. 
Pay,  n.  wages,  salary,  hire,  stipend,  recompense. 

Ant. — Present,  gratuity,  gift. 

Pay,  v.  liquidate,  lessen,  discharge,  extinguish,  cash,  re- 
ward. 

Ant. — Defraud,  repudiate,  hoard,  retain,  deprive. 
Peace,  quiet,  calm,  tranquility,  repose,  amity, 

Ant, — War,  noise,  tumult,  disorder,  strife,  discord. 


136         A  ZL  CTIONAR  Y  OF  S YNONYMO  US 

Peaceful,   tranquil,  quiet,  still,  pacific,  undisturbed,  calm, 

placid,  serene,  mild,  gentle. 

Ant. — Warlike,  pugnacious,  savage,   hostile,   fierce,  vio- 
lent. 
Peasant,  countryman,  rustic,  bumpkin,  clodpole,  swain. 

Ant. — Citizen,  townsman,  autocrat,  lord. 
Peculator.     See  THIEF. 
Peculiar,  particular,  exclusive,  remarkable,  signal,  special. 

singular,  uncommon. 

Ant. — General,  universal,  ordinary,  common,  public. 
Pedantic,  priggish,  pedagogical   learned. 

Ant. — Modest,  unaffected. 
Peel,  skin,  rind,  husk. 

Ant. — Heart,  core. 
Peerless,  unequaled,  unmatched,  matchless,  unique. 

Ant. — Ordinary,  commonplace,  mediocre. 
Peevish,    ill-natured,    touchy,    testy,    captious,    fractious, 

cross,  fretful,  petulant,  cynical,  irascible. 
Ant. — Genial,  good-natured,  good-tempered,  complaisant. 
Pellucid.     See  CLEAR. 
Penal,  punitive,  retributive,  corrective. 

Ant. — Honorary,  remunerative,  reparatory. 
Penalty,  fine,  amercement,  mulct,  forfeiture. 
Ant. — Reward,   wages,    premium,    prize,    compensation. 

remuneration. 
Penetrate,  pierce,  perforate,  bore,  fathom,  reach. 

Ant. — Withdraw,  fail. 

Penetration,   insight,  sharpness,  acuteness,  sagacity,  dis- 
cernment, discrimination. 

Ant. — Dullness,  shallowness,  obtuseness,  ignorance. 
Penitence,  contrition,  repentance,  remorse. 
Ant. — Obdi^acy,  congratulation,  approval,  hard-hearted' 

ness. 

Pensive,  thougfltful,  meditative,  dreamy,  melancholy,  de- 
jected, depressed,  cheerless,  drooping. 
Ant. — Vacant,  careless,  thoughtless,  joyous,  unreflective. 
Penurious.     See  MISERLY. 
Penury,   poverty,   indigence,  beggary,    destitution,    want, 

need,  privation. 

Ant. — Competence,  wealth,  affluence. 

People,    commonalty,    populace,   mob,    mobility,    nation, 
tribe,  race. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  137 

Ant. — Ruler,  government,  nobility,  aristocracy 
Perceive,   see,  discern,  distinguish,   observe,   understand, 
know,  comprehend. 

Ant. — Overlook,  miss,  misconceive,  misobserve. 
Perception,  seeing,   sense,  perceptibility,  sensibility,  sus- 
ceptibility, sensation,  apprehension,  conviction. 

Ant. — Unsensibility,  ignorance,  misapprehension. 
Peremptory,  absolute,  positive,   arbitrary,  despotic    deci- 
sive, imperative. 

Ant. — Suggestive,  entreative,  mild,  gentle. 
Perennial,    imperishable,   undying,    immortal,    deathless, 
enduring,  perpetual. 

Ant. — Occasional,  periodical,  uncertain,  deficient. 
Perfect,    complete,    whole,     entire,    finished,     unbroken, 
thorough,  mature,  ripe,  absolute. 

Ant. — Imperfect,  faulty,  deficient,  objective,  scant,  falli- 
ble, blemished,  spoiled. 
Perfidous,  faithless,  treacherous,  insidious,  unfaithful. 

Ant. — True,  staunch,  faithful,  honorable. 
Perforate.     See  PENETRATE. 
Perform.     See  ACCOMPLISH. 
Performance.     See  ACT. 
Performer,  actor,  player,  comedian,  tragedian. 

Ant. — Spectator,  looker-on,  audience. 
Perfume,  odor,  scent,  fragrance,  aroma,  smell,  incense. 

Ant. — Stench,  stink,  fetor. 
Perhaps,  perchance,  possibly,  peradventure. 

Ant. — Certainly,  inevitably,  without  doubt. 
Peril,  danger,  hazard,  jeopardy,  risk,  venture,  insecurity. 

Ant. — Security,  safety,  certainty. 
Period.     See  AGE. 
Periodically,  regularly,  statedly. 

Ant. — Continually,  spasmodically,  fitfully. 
Perish.     See  DIE. 

Permanent,    durable,    abiding,   enduring,    lasting,    fixed, 
stable. 

Ant. — Transient,  ephemeral,  fleeting,  frail,  transitory. 
i*ermission,  permit,  leave,  liberty,  license. 

Ant. — Prohibition,  denial,  refusal,  prevention,  hindrance. 
Permit.     See  ALLOW. 
Pernicious.    See  HURT. 


138        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Perpetual,  constant,  continual,  continuous,  endless,  eter. 
nal,  lasting,  incessant,  ceaseless,  unceasing,  uninter- 
rupted. 

Ant. — Occasional,  transient,  periodic,   momentary,  acci- 
dental, casual. 
Perplex,  embarrass,  harass,   confuse,  bewilder,  entangle, 

involve,  puzzle. 

Ant. — Clear,  enlighten,  elucidate,  simplify,  explicate. 
Persecute,  oppress,  harrow,  afflict,  worry,  annoy. 

Ant  — Encourage,  inspirit,  abet,  support. 
Persevere,  continue,  persist,  pursue,  proceed. 

Ant. — Lag,  fail,  rest,  withdraw,  refrain,  abstain. 
Persons,  men,  people,  folks,  individuals. 

Ant. — Collection,  assembly,  nation,  state. 
Perspicuous,  clear,  plain,  distinct,  unequivocal,  unmistak- 
able, intelligible. 

Ant. — Obscure,  confused,  unintelligible. 
Persuade,  extort,  urge,  allure,  incite,  influence. 

Ant. — Deter,  disincline,  dissuade,  coerce,  compel,  order. 
Persuasion.     See  PERSUADE. 
Pert,  forward,  flippant,  saucy,  impertinent,  impudent. 

Ant. — Modest,  bashful,  demure,  staid. 
Pertinacious,  obstinate,  inflexible,  stubborn,  determined. 

Ant. — Inconstant,  irresolute,  volatile,  unreliable. 
Pertinent,   fit,    relevant,  proper,   appropriate,   applicable, 

related. 

Ant. — Alien,  discordant,  unrelated,  unconnected,  repug- 
nant. 

Perturb.     See  VEX. 
Pervade,  diffuse,  spread,  permeate,  overspread,  fill. 

Ant. — Affect,  touch. 
Perverse,    awkward,  cross,   untoward,  petulant,  peevish, 

crooked,  froward,  wayward,  stubborn. 
Ant. — Docile,  complaisant,  obliging,  amenable,  gentle. 
Pest,  bane,  plague,  ruin,  pestilence,  taint. 

Ant. — Benefit,  blessing,  good,  acquisition. 
Pestilential,  contagious,  infectious,   epidemical,  mischiev- 
ous, pernicious,  noxious,  baneful,  destructive. 
Ant. — Innocuous,    genial,   wholesome,   salubrious,   salu- 
tary, pure,  nutritive,  healthy. 

Petition,  prayer,  supplication,  entreaty,  request,  suit,  ap- 
peal 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  '139 

Ant. — Protest,  command,  injunction,  demand,  exaction. 

requirement. 
Petty,  trifling,  trivial,  frivolous,  insignificant,  small,  little 

Ant. — Large,  liberal,  broad,  noble,  generous. 
Petulant.     See  PEEVISH. 
Phantom.     See  GHOST. 
Philanthropic,  charitable,  kind,  benevolent,  gracious. 

Ant. — Selfish,  egotistical,  misanthropic,  morose. 
Philosophy,  science,  knowledge. 

Ant. — Ignorance,  stupidity. 
Phlegmatic,  frigid,  cold,  heavy,  unfeeling,  apathetic. 

Ant. — Passionate,  active,  energetic,  interested,  alert. 
Physical,  material,  corporeal,  tangible,  natural,  bodily. 

Ant. — Spiritual,  mental,  immaterial,  moral,  intangible. 
Pick,  pluck,  choose,  cull,  select,  gather. 

Ant. — Reject,  discard,  repudiate,  relegate,  bunch,  grasp. 
Picturesque,  graphic,  imaginative. 

Ant. — Unpicturesque,  tame,  desolate,  cheerless,  homely. 
Picture,  likeness,  painting,  image,  resemblance,   drawing, 
representation,  effigy. 

Ant. — Original,  landscape,  scene,  body,  nature. 
Pierce,  penetrate,  perforate,  bore,  broach,  tap. 

Ant. — Blunt,  soothe,  allay,  lull,  compose. 
Piercing.     See  PIERCE. 

Piety,  religion,  sanctity,  holiness,  devotion,    grace,    godli- 
ness. 

Ant. — Impiety,  ungodliness,  profanity,  hypocrisy. 
^ile,  v.  heap,  accumulate,  hoard,  amass,  collect. 
•*'  Ant. — Demolish,   scatter,    upset,    overthrow,    disperse, 

separate. 
f*ile,  n.  building,  edifice,  structure,  thread,  fiber. 

Ant. — Heap,  ruin,  material,  finish. 
Pilfer,  filch,  steal,  purloin. 

Ant. — Pillage,  rifle,  plunder,  restore,  refrain. 
Pillage.     See  PLUNDER. 
Pillar,  column,  shaft,  post,  support. 

Ant. — Base,  capitol,  arch,  wall. 
Pilot,  guide,  steer,  direct,  conduct. 

Ant. — Mislead,  betray,  lose,  misdirect. 
Pinch.     See  SQUEEZE. 
Pine.    See  LANGUISH. 
Pious,  holy,  godly  vsaintly,  devout,  religious. 


I4o         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Impious,  ungodly,  sinful,  hypocritical,  bad. 
Piquant,  pungent,  acrid,  smart,  keen,  biting,  harsh,  sting- 
ing, cutting,  racy. 
Ant. — Tame,  dull,  flat,  insipid. 
Pique.    See  SPITE. 
Pitch,  fling,  cast,  launch,  throw. 

Ant. — Draw,  pull,  hold,  restrain,  push. 
Piteous,  doleful,  pitiable,  mournful,  sad,  deplorable. 
Ant. — Joyous,  pleasant,  comfortable,   desirable,   delect* 

able. 
Pith,  gist,  kernel,  cream,  strength,  marrow. 

Ant. — Dressing,  surroundings,  verbiage. 
Pithy,  terse,  concise,  forcible,  strong. 

Ant. — Fruitless,  vapid,  weak,  diluted,  insipid. 
Pitiful.    See  MEAN. 

Pity,  n.  compassion,  sympathy,  condolence,  mercy. 
Ant. — Cruelty,  pitilessness,  hardheartedness,    relentless* 

ness. 

Place,  n.    See  POSITION. 
Place,  v.  put,  set,   lay,   dispose,   order,  organize,  array, 

marshal. 
Ant. — Disturb,    remove,   disarrange,    misplace,    uproot. 

transport. 

Placid,  serene,  calm,  peaceful,  tranquil,  unruffled,  mild. 
Ant. — Ruffled,  troubled,  stormy,  excited,    agitated,    dis» 

turbed. 
Plague,  annoy,  molest,   vex,    tease,    trouble,  harass,    tor« 

ment. 

Ant. — Please,  gratify,  amuse,  soothe,  comfort,  allay. 
Plain,   even,   level,   flat,  smooth,  apparent,  visible,  clear 
obvious,  intelligible,  certain,    evident,    manifest,   di£ 
tinct,  palpable,  open,  candid,   frank,   sincere,  free,  in> 
genuous. 

Ant. — Uneven,  undulatory,  rough,  broken,  abrupt,  con. 
fused,  obstructed,  uncertain,  dubious,  ambiguous,  enig- 
matical, fair,  beautiful,  artful. 
Plaintive,  doleful,  sad,  mournful,  melancholy. 

Ant. — Joyous,  exultant,  glad,  cheerful,  cheering. 
Plan.    See  DESIGN. 
Plastic,  pliant,  ductile,  tractile. 

Ant. — Stubborn,  unyielding,  unmalleable,  inflexible. 
Plaudit.    See  ACCLAMATION. 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  '4* 

Plausible,  colorable,  specious,  ostensible,  feasible. 

Ant. — Unmistakable,  genuine,  sterling,  true. 
Play,  game,  sport,  pastime,  amusement,  gambol,  drama. 

Ant. — Occupation,  labor,  business,  work,  idleness. 
Playful,   sportive,  lively,   jocund,   merry,   gay,  sprightly, 
vivacious,  racy,  buoyant. 

Ant. — Inert,  slow,  sluggish,  sad,  melancholy. 
Plea,  excuse,  apology,  defence,  vindication,  entreaty. 

Ant. — Charge,  accusation,  impeachment,  action. 
Plead,   defend,    vindicate,   exonerate,   justify,    exculpate, 
I         excuse. 

Ant. — Charge,  accuse,  impeach,  condemn. 
Pleasant.    See  AGREEABLE. 
Please,  gratify,  satisfy,  content,  delight,  fascinate,  indulge. 

Ant. — Displease,  dissatisfy,  annoy,  trouble,  vex,  irritate. 
Pleasure,  comfort,  enjoyment,  gratification,  joy,  delight, 
rapture,  charm,  wish. 

Ant. — Pain,  suffering,  affliction,  trouble,  asceticism. 
Plebeian,  ignoble,  vulgar,  low-born. 

Ant. — Patrician,    noble,    aristocratic,    high-born,   high. 

bred. 
Pledge,  pawn,  earnest,  security,  surety,  guarantee. 

Ant. — Word,  promise,  parole,  assurance. 
Plentiful.     See  ABUNDANT. 
Plenty,  enough,  sufficiency,  abundance,  fullness. 

Ant. — Scantiness,  insufficiency. 
Pliable,  pliant,  flexible,  lithe,  supple,  yielding,  docile. 

Ant. — Stiff,  brittle,  stubborn,  unbending,  unmanageable. 
Plight.     See  PLEDGE. 

Plot,  n.  stratagem,  conspiracy,  combination,   confederacy, 
scheme,  plan. 

Ant. — Action,  execution,  deed,  resolution,  law. 
Plot,  v.    concoct,  hatch,  frame,  contrive,  conspire. 

Ant. — Resolve,  consult,  debate,  discover,  defeat. 
Pluck,  courage,  mettle,  spirit,  nerve. 

Ant. — Timidity,  cowardice. 
Plump,  fleshy,  round,  fat,  full,  chubby. 

Ant. — Lean,  thin,  wizened,  shriveled,   emaciated,   lank. 

weak. 
Plunder,  pillage,  booty,  loot,  spoil,  robbery,  depredation, 

Ant. — Wages,  desert,  gratuity,  present. 
Plunge,  dive,  dip,  douse,  sink. 


I42          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Emerge,  issue,  rise,  extricate. 
Ply.     Se  URGE. 

Poetical,    metrical,    versified,   imaginative,  dreamy,   ficti- 
tious. 
Ant. — Prosaic,     unmetrical,     commonplace,    historical, 

mathematical,  logical,  sober. 
Poignant,    sharp,    keen,    biting,    severe,    deep,    intense, 

stinging. 

Ant. — Blunt,  dull,  gentle,  shallow. 
Pointed,  aim,  level,  direct,  sharpen,  show,  punctuate. 

Ant. — Suggest,  intimate,  hint. 
Point,  peaked,  sharp,  marked,  keen,  severe. 

Ant. — Pointless,  aimless,  feeble,  inexpressive. 
Poison,  bane,  pest,  venom,  virus,  infection. 
Ant. — Purification,  disinfectant,  antidote. 
Policy,  plan,  device,  stratagem,  management. 
Ant. — Conjecture,  hazard,  mismanagement. 
Polish,  brighten,  burnish,  glaze,  civilize,  cultivate,  refine. 

Ant. — Dull,  scratch,  mar,  spoil,  dim,  barbarize. 
Polite,  refined,  genteel,  civil,  accomplished,  well-bred. 
Ant. — Awkward,  rude,   uncouth,  ill-bred,  discourteous, 

boorish. 

Politeness.    See  AFFABILITY. 
Politic,  wise,  political,  civil,  judicious,  prudential. 

Ant. — Imprudent,  unwise,  improvident,  impolitic. 
Pollute,  contaminate,  soil,  defile,  taint,  infect,  corrupt,  de- 
prave, demoralize. 

Ant. — Purify,  clarify,  disinfect,  filter. 
Pomp,  parade,  display,  gorgeousness,  splendor,   grandeur, 

pageantry,  show,  state. 

Ant. — Quiet,  simplicity,   privacy,   plainness,   unceremo- 
niousness. 
Pompous,  majestic,  stately,  grand,  august,  dignified,  lofty, 

inflated,  bombastic. 

Ant. — Unassuming,  modest,  unobtrusive. 
Ponder.     See  REFLECT. 
Ponderous,  heavy,  weighty,  massive,  bulky. 
Ant. — Light,  trifling,  airy,  volatile,  subtle. 
Poor,   indigent,   needy,   penniless,   necessitous,    deficient, 

scanty. 

Ant. — Rich,  wealthy,  affluent,  abundant,  liberal,  ample, 
moneyed,  sufficient.  / 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  143 

Populace,  people,  commonalty,  vulgar,  mob. 

Ant. — Nobility,  aristocracy,  government,  individual. 
Popular,  common,  general,  prevailing,  favorite. 

Ant. — Exclusive,  restricted,  scientific,  unpopular,  odious. 
Port,  harbor,  haven,  entrance,  portal. 

Ant. — Sea,  ocean,  coast. 
Portal.     See  GATE. 
Portend,    foreshow,    augur,    presage,    forebode,   betoken, 

threaten. 

Ant. — Avert,  contradict,  nullify,  negative,  preclude. 
Portion,  part,  division,  share,  piece,  bit,  section,  fragment, 

parcel. 

Ant. — Whole,  substance,  bulk,  mass. 
Portly,  majestic,  stately,  grand,  dignified,  burly,  stout. 

Ant. — Thin,  undignified,  unimposing,  mean. 
Portray,  draw,  sketch,  paint,  depict,  delineate,  represent, 

describe. 

Ant. — Caricature,  misrepresent,  misportray,  suggest. 
Position,  place,  locality,  situation,  spot,  site,  action,  gesture, 

posture,  attitude. 
Ant. — Displacement,  absence. 
Positive,  actual,  true,  real,  certain,  sure,   definitive,  fixed, 

settled,  confident,  dogmatic. 

int. — Negative,    fictitious,    imaginary,    contingent,    de- 
pendent,   conditional,    implied,     dubious,    uncertain, 
doubtful. 
Possess,  have,  own,  hold,  occupy. 

Ant. — Abandon,  renounce,  surrender,  lose,  forfeit,  resign, 
Possible,  practicable,  likely,  feasible. 

Ant. — Impossible,  impracticable. 
Possibly,  perhaps,  peradventure,  perchance,  haply. 

Ant. — Certain,  without  doubt,  positively,  never. 
Post.     See  POSITION  ;  also  MAIL,  STAKE,  PILLAR. 
Practical,  serviceable,  useful,  experienced,  skillful. 
Ant. — Impracticable,    theoretical,    unserviceable,     awk- 
ward. 
Practice,  custom,  habit,  manner,  use,  usage,  exercise. 

Ant. — Theory,  speculation,  disuse,  inexperience,  idleness. 
Praise,  n.  approval,  eulogy,  commendation,  applause,  ex- 
altation, honor. 
Ant. — Blame,  censure,  disapproval. 


144         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Praise,  v.  commend,  extol,  eulogize,  panegyrize,  laud,  ap. 
plaud,  glorify. 

Ant. — Condemn,  reprove,  disapprove,  censure,  blame. 
Praiseworthy,  laudable,  honorable,  commendable,  merito- 
rious, worthy. 

Ant. — Blamable,  censurable,  reprehensible. 
Prate,  tattle,  babble,  chat,  chatter,  prattle,  gossip. 

Ant. — Orate,  speak,  debate,  discuss. 
Pray.     See  SUPPLICATE. 
Prayer.     See  PETITION. 
Preamble,  preface,  introduction. 

Ant. — Perorative,  finale,  conclusion,  essay,  body. 
Precarious,  doubtful,  dubious,  uncertain,  insecure,  unset 
tied. 

Ant. — Safe,  certain,  assured,  systematic,  immutable. 
Precaution,  care,  forethought. 

Ant. — Improvidence,  carelessness,  thoughtlessness. 
Precede,  lead,  go  before,  herald. 

Ant. — Succeed,  follow. 

Precedence,  priority,    pre-eminence,    preference,  anteced1 
ence. 

Ant. — Inferiority,  sequence,  posteriority. 
Precept,  command,  injunction,  mandate,  direction,  order, 
rule,  law,  maxim,  doctrine,  principle. 

Ant. — Suggestion-  hint,  prompting,  impulse. 
Preceptor,  teacher,  tutor,  instructor,  schoolmaster. 

Ant. — Pupil,  scholar,  student. 
Precincts,  borders,  limits,  bounds   confines,  districts. 

Ant. — Heart,  center,  nucleus. 
Precious,  valuable,  costly,  dear,  estimable. 

Ant. — Worthless  valueless,  unvalued. 
Precipitate,  v.  hurry,  hasten,  cast  down,  expedite. 

Ant. — Hinder,  restrain,  retard,  deter,  obstruct. 
Precipitate,  a.  hasty,  hurried,  rash,  premature. 

Ant. — Deliberate,    slow,    shallow,    inclined,   undulating 

level. 

Precise,  accurate,  correct,  particular,  exact,  nice,  punctili 
ous. 

Ant. — Indefinite,  vague,  inexact,  rough,  loose,  inaccuratf 

unceremon  ious. 
Precision.    See  PRECISE. 
Preclude,  prevent,  obviate,  hinder,  debar. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  145 

Ant. — Admit,  promote,  further,  advance. 
Precursory,  preceding,  anterior,  prefatory. 

Ant. — Subsequent,  consequent,  eventual,  posterior. 
Predecessor,  ancestor,  forefather,  progenitor,  forerunner 

Ant. — Successor,  junior,  posterity. 
Predict,  foretell,  prognosticate,  prophesy,  foreshadow. 

Ant. — Tell,  narrate,  recount,  recall,  report. 
Predilection,  preference,  partiality,  bias,  prejudice. 

Ant. — Aversion,  antipathy,  disinclination,  apathy. 
Predominant,  prevailing,  prevalent,  ascendant,  overruling 

Ant. — Subordinate,  inferior 

Pre-eminence,  priority,   precedence,    antecedence,  superi: 
ority. 

Ant. — Inferiority,  equality. 
Preface.     See  PREAMBLE. 
Prefer,  choose,  fancy,  select,  raise,  exalt,  promote,  further. 

Ant. — Reject,  postpone,  defer,  withhold,  degrade,  debase. 
Pregnant,  prolific,  teeming,  replete,  enciente. 

Ant. — Sterile,  barren,  void,  meaningless. 
Prejudice,  prepossession,  bias,  partiality,  detriment,  harm. 

Ant. — Impartiality,  fairness,  judgement,  advantage. 
Preliminary,  prefatory,   introductory,  previous,   anteced- 
ent. 

Ant. — Subsequent,  following,  succeeding. 
Prelude,  introduction,  preface,  prologue. 

Ant. — Sequel,  conclusion. 
Premature,  precipitate,  rash,  hasty,  untimely,  early. 

Ant. — Timely,  seasonable,  opportune. 
Premeditation,  forethought,  forecast. 

Ant. — Hazard,  impromptu,  extemporization. 
Premium,  recompense,  reward,  bonus,  bribe. 

Ant. — Penalty,  fine,  forfeit,  depreciation. 
Prepare,  fit,    equip,  qualify,  make   ready,   furnish,    -adapt, 
adjust,  arrange. 

Ant. — Derange,  demolish,  subvert,  misfit. 
Preponderate,    predominate,  prevail,     overbalance,     out* 
weigh,  outbalance. 

Ant. — Fail,  sink,  succumb. 

Prepossessing,   charming,    engaging,    taking,   attractive 
winning. 

Ant. — Repulsive,  unprepossessing,  disagreeable. 
Preposterous,  irrational,  foolish,  absurd,  ridiculous. 


146        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Reasonable,  fair,  just,  moderate,  sound,  right. 
Prerogative,  privilege,  immunity,  right,  exemption. 

Ant. — Disqualification,  disfranchisement. 
Presage,  foresee,  predict,  portend,  augur,  forebode,  crog 

nosticate,  betoken,  threaten. 
Ant. — Fulfill,  occur,  recall,  report,  announce, 
prescribe,  appoint,  ordain,  dictate,  decree,  enjoin,  impose. 

order. 

Ant. — Prohibit,  discountenance,  suggest. 
Present,  a.  existing,  subsistent,  nigh,  immediate,   instant 

current. 

Ant. — Absent,  distant,  remote,  separate. 
Present.     See  GIFT. 
Present,  v.  offer,  exhibit,  give,  introduce. 

Ant. — Accept,  take,  receive,  retain,  withhold. 
Presentiment,    foreboding,    foretaste,    anticipation,    fore£ 

thought. 

Ant. — Surprise,  miscalculation,  accident,  fore-knowledge. 
Preserve,    keep,    save,   secure,    defend,   uphold,  embalm 

protect,  guard,  spare. 
Ant. — Damage,  impair,  abandon,  injure. 
Press,  compress,  crush,  squeeze,   oppress,   gall,   urge,  en- 
force, impress,  crowd,  harass. 

Ant. — Relax,  ease,  free,  relieve,  liberate,  entice,  allure. 
Pressure,  urgency,  exigency,  hurry,  crushing,  squeezing. 

Ant. — Relief,  ease,  liberty. 

Presume,  suppose,  think,  infer,  believe,  conjecture,  appre- 
hend. 

Ant. — Deduce,  prove,  argue,  hesitate,  distrust. 
Presumptuous,   presuming,  over-confident,    forward,    ar- 
rogant, bold,  rash,  foolhardy. 
Ant. — Modest,  diffident,  bashful,  hesitating. 
Pretence,  cloak,  mask,  garb,  pretext,  excuse,  plea. 

Ant. — Reality,  truth,  candor,  fact. 
Pretend,  feign,  affect,  simulate,  profess. 

Ant. — Substantiate,  test,  verify,  detect,  refute. 
Pretext.     See  PRETENCE. 
Pretty.    See  BEAUTIFUL. 

Prevalence,  influence,  custom,  power,  operation,  prepond- 
erance. 

Ant. — Disuse,  decay,  obsoleteness,  disappearance,  aboli- 
tion. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  14? 

Prevail,  predominate,  obtain,  succeed. 

Ant. — Fail,  sink,  succumb,  abolish,  disappear. 
Prevailing,  proper,  prevalent,  ruling,  ascendant. 

Ant. — Mitigated,  diminishing,  subordinate,  powerless. 
Prevaricate,  quibble,  caval,  shuffle,  equivocate. 

Ant. — Affirm,  maintain,  prove,  substantiate. 
Prevent,  impede,  thwart,  obviate,   hinder,   obstruct,   bar, 
neutralize. 

Ant. — Promote,    aid,     expedite,     encourage,    advance, 

cause. 
Previous,  preceding,  foregomg,  antecedent,  anterior,  prior 

Ant. — Subsequent,  succeeding,  following,  later. 
Prey,  food,  victim,  sacrifice,  spoil,  booty,  ravage. 

Ant. — Rights,  earnings,  wages,  due. 
Price,    cost,  charge,  expense,  figure,  value,  worth. 

Ant. — Discount,  allowance,  donation,  gift. 
Priceless,  invaluable,  inestimable. 

Ant. — Cheap,  valueless. 

Pride,  arrogance,  haughtiness,  vanity,  self-esteem,  lordli- 
ness, conceit,  loftiness,  vain-glory. 

Ant. — Meekness,  modesty,  humility,  lowliness. 
Priggish,  dandified,  foppish,  affected,  coxcombical. 

Ant. — Sensible,  unaffected,  plain,  honest. 
Prim,  precise,  demure,  formal,  starched,  stiff,  priggish. 

Ant. — Informal,  easy,  genial,  natural. 
Primary,    first,     earliest,     primitive,     pristine,    original, 
primeval. 

Ant. — Secondary,    subordinate,     inferior,      subsequent, 
later. 

Prime,  primal,  first,  capital,  first-rate,  perfect,  excellent. 

Ant. — Inferior,  impaired,  deteriorated,  defective. 
Primitive,    old-fashioned,    first,    pristine,    ancient,   anti- 
quated, primeval. 

Ant. — Modern,  modish,  civilized,  sophisticated. 
Princely,  royal,  regal,  stately,  august,  noble,  munificent. 

Ant. — Lowly,  beggarly,  mean. 

Principal,  chief,  leading,  first,  highest,  supreme,  main, 
essential. 

Ant. — Subordinate,  secondary,  subject,  auxiliary,  minor. 
Principally,  chiefly,  essentially,  manly. 

Ant. — Secondarily,  subsequently. 


i48          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Principle,  ground,  reason,   motive,   impulse,  maxim,  rule; 

rectitude,  integrity. 

Ant. — Action,  issue,  exercise,  application. 
Print,  mark,  impress,  stamp,  imprint. 

Ant. — Write,  speak,  engrave. 
Prior.     See  PREVIOUS. 
Pristine.     See  PRIMARY. 
Privacy,  solitude,  retirement,  seclusion,   retreat,  secrecy, 

concealment. 

Ant. — Publicity,  exposure,  notoriety. 
Privation,  loss,  bereavement,  destitution,  poverty,  want. 
Ant. — Supply,    benefaction,     compensation,     recovery, 

restitution. 

Privilege,    immunity,  .advantage,   favor,  prerogative,   ex- 
emption, right,  claim. 

Ant. — Prohibition,  inhibition,  exclusion,  disqualification. 
Prize,  n.    seizure,   capture,    booty,    spoil,   loot,    plunder, 

trophy,  palm. 

Ant. — Loss,    forfeiture,   penalty,    sacrifice,    failure,    in- 
famy. 
Prize,  -v.  esteem,  rate,  appraise,  assess,  value. 

Ant. — Dislike,  abhor,  condemn,  despise. 
Probability,  chance,  likelihood,  appearance,  presumption. 

Ant. — Improbability,  unlikelihood. 

Probity,  recritude,  honesty,  integrity,  uprightness,  sincer- 
ity, soundness. 

Ant. — Dishonesty,  rascality,  vice. 
Procedure.     See  PROCEEDING. 
Proceed,  move,  pass,  advance,  arise,  issue,  emanate. 

Ant. — Recede,  retreat,  stand,  stop,  stay,  discontinue. 
Proceeding,    transaction,  measure,  step,   procedure,   pro. 
cess,  course,  form,  progress,  progression,   suit,  trial, 
case. 

Ant. — Inaction,  abandonment,  desistence,  deviation. 
Procession,   train,    march,   caravan,    retinue,    cavalcade, 

cortege. 

Ant. — Rabble,  mob,  confusion,  rout. 

Proclaim,  advertise,   announce,   publish,  declare,  promul- 
gate, report. 

Ant. — Conceal,  suppress,  secrete,  contain. 
Proclamation.    See  PROCLAIM. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  149 

Proclivity,  propensity,  tendency,  bias,    bent,    proneness, 

aptitude. 

Ant. — Aversion,  indisposition,  disinclination. 
Procrastinate,  delay,  defer,   adjourn,   postpone,  put  off, 

dally. 

Ant. — Hurry,  complete,  finish. 
Procure,  obtain,  acquire,  gain,  get,  reap,  win,  earn. 

Ant. — Miss,  lose,  forfeit. 
Prodigal,  extravagant,  improvident,  lavish,  profuse,  waste* 

ful. 

Ant. — Frugal,  economical,  close,  saving,  miserly. 
Prodigious.     See  ENORMOUS. 
Prodigy,  wonder,  miracle,  marvel,  monster. 

Ant. — Imposture,  individual,  nature. 
Produce,   yield,   give,  generate,   occasion,  realize,    show, 

lengthen. 

Ant. — Retain,  withhold,  destroy,  contract,  reduce. 
Profane,  impious,  irreligious,  unhallowed,  secular,  unholy, 

ungodly,  godless. 

Ant. — Pious,  sacred,  holy,  devout,  reverent. 
Profess,  affect,  pretend,  feign,  own. 

Ant. — Renounce,  repudiate,  abjure. 
Profession.     See  OCCUPATION. 
Proffer,  volunteer,  offer,  propose,  tender. 

Ant. — Withhold,  detain,  refrain. 
Proficiency,   advancement,  progress,   improvement,  skill, 

dexterity. 

Ant. — Failure,  backwardness,  awkwardness. 
Proficient,  adept,  master,  expert. 

Ant. — Tyro,  amateur,  novice,  dunce. 
Profit,  gain,  emolument,  advantage,  benefit,  service,  avail, 

use. 

Ant. — Loss,  detriment,  damage,  waste. 
Profligate,   abandoned,  dissolute,    depraved,   vicious,   de* 

generate,  corrupt,  demoralized. 
Ant. — Virtuous,  honest,  principled,  conscientious. 
Profound,  deep,  penetrating,  solemn,  abstruse,  recondite. 

Ant. — Shallow,  superficial. 
Profuse,  extravagant,  prodigal,  lavish,  improvident   exces. 

sive,  copious,  plentiful. 

Ant. — Scanty,  sparing,  parsimonious,  poor. 
Progeny,  children,  descendants,  cac/v.  offspring,  issue.      v 


1 50         A  DICTION AR  Y  OF  S  YNON YMO  US 

Ant. — Stock,  parentage,  ancestry. 
Prognosticate.  See  PREDICT. 
Progress,  advancement,  growth,   progression,  movement, 

march,  improvement. 

Ant. — Delay,  stoppage,  retrogression,  failure,  relapse. 
Prohibit,  hinder,  debar,  prevent,  forbid,  interdict,  inhibit. 

Ant. — Permit,  grant,  allow,  sanction. 
Project,  n.  design,  plan,  scheme,  contrivance,  device. 

Ant. — Hazard,  chance,  venture. 
Project,   v.  shoot,  discharge,  throw,   hurl,   jut,  protrude 

bulge. 

Ant. — Withdraw,  draw,  pull,  attract   "ecoil,  retain. 
Prolific.     See  FERTILE. 
Prolix.     See  DIFFUSE. 
Prolong.     See  LENGTHEN. 

Prominent,  eminent,  conspicuous,  jutting,  important,  lead- 
ing. 

Ant. — Inconspicuous,  minor,  unimportant,  receding,  in- 
dented, engraved. 

Promiscuous,  mixed,  unarranged,  mingled,  indiscriminate. 
Ant. — Sorted,  select,  arranged,  reserved,  exclusive,  nice. 
Promise.     See  PLEDGE. 
Promote,     encourage,    aid,    further,    advance,     forward, 

farther. 

Ant. — Repress,    hinder,    discourage,    check,    allay,    dis- 
honor, abase. 
Prompt,  v.  incite,  animate,  urge,  impel. 

Ant. — Tardy,  late,  backward,  sluggish,  inactive- 
prompt,  a.  expeditious,   quick,    alert,  agile,  active,  brisk, 

ready. 

Ant. — Tardy,  late,  sluggish,  behindhand. 
Promptitude,  readiness,  promptness,   quickness,  alacrity. 

activity,  briskness. 

Ant. — Unreadiness,  tardiness,  hesitation,  inaction. 
Promulgate,  publish,    announce,  advertise,   proclaim,  de« 

clare,  spread. 

Ant. — Suppress,  conceal,  stifle,  hush,  discountenance. 
Prone,  /nclining,  prostrate,  flat,  tending,  apt. 

Ant. — Averse,  disinclined,  indisposed. 
Pronounce,  articulate,  speak,  utter,  deliver,  express,  enun- 
ciate, declare,  affirm. 
•»,  JLvt. — Mispronounce,  suppress,  stifle,  silence,  mumble, 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  151 

Proof,   demonstration,    evidence,    testimony,   experience, 

trial,  experiment,  test,  assay. 
Ant. — Disproof,  failure,  fallacy,  invalidity. 
Propagate,  spread,  circulate,  diffuse,  disseminate,  extend, 

breed,  increase,  generate. 
Ant.— Extinguish,  contract,   suppress,    reduce,  diminish, 

fail,  die. 

Propensity,  inclination,  disposition,   bias,  proneness,  ten- 
dency, bent,  predilection,  proclivity. 
Ant. — Aversion,  disinclination,  indisposition. 
Proper,  legitimate,  right,  just,  fair,  equitable,  honest,  suit- 
able, fit,  befitting,  decent,  pertinent,  appropriate. 
Ant. — Improper,  wrong,  unsuitable,  common,  indecent, 

unbecoming. 
Property,  goods,   possessions,    wealth,  estate,  peculiarity, 

quality,  attribute,  effects. 

Ant. — Poverty,  want,  failure,  penury,  aspect,  essence. 
Prophesy,  foretell,  predict,  prognosticate. 

Ant. — Recount,  tell,  relate. 
Propitiate,  conciliate,  reconcile. 

Ant. — Alienate,  estrange,  exasperate. 
Propitious,    fortunate,    promising,   favorable,  auspicious, 

timely. 

Ant. — Unpropitious,  hostile,  untimely,  unfavorable. 
Proportion,  rate,  ratio,  degree. 

Ant. — Misproportion,  misadjudgement. 
Proposal,  offer,  tender,  overture,  proposition. 
Ant. — Withdrawal,  order,  command,    warning,   prohibi- 
tion. 
Propose,  purpose,  intend,  mean,  move,  propound,  design, 

offer,  proffer,  bid,  tender. 
Ant. — Chance,  risk,  venture,  revoke. 
Proprietor,  possessor,  owner,  master. 
Ant. — Lessee,  servant,  subordinate. 

Propriety,  expediency,  fitness,  justness,  decorum,  correct- 
ness. 

Ant. — Imppropriety,  indecorum,  unconventionality 
Prorogue,  adjourn,  postpone,  delay,  defer. 
Ant. — Convene,  call,  assemble,  prolong. 
Prosecute,  continue,  pursue,  persevere,  persist,  arraign. 
Ant, — Discontinue,  abandon,  exonerate,  acquit. 


152         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Prospect,    view,    survey,    landscape,    perspective,    vista, 
scene,  promise,  hope. 

Ant. — Obscurity,  darkness,  cloud,  hopelessness,  improb- 
ability. 

Prosper.     See  SUCCEED. 
Prosperity.    See  WELFARE. 
Prostrate,  oppressed,  trampled  on,  abject,  paralyzed. 

Ant. — Erect,  upright,  restored,  vertical,  revived 
Protect.     See  DEFEND. 
Protection,  shield,  defence,  preservation,  guard,  shelter. 

Ant. — Betrayal,  abandonment,  exposure. 
Protest,   assert,   affirm,    declare,    predicate,    aver,  assure, 
denounce. 

Ant. — Sanction,  endorse,  acquiesce,  agree. 
Protract.     See  PROLONG. 
Protrude,  jut,  project,  bulge,  shoot,  out,  suspend. 

Ant. — Recede,  indent,  incline. 

Proud,  stately,  vain,  lofty,   arrogant,  conceited,  boastful, 
grand,  assuming,  haughty,  vain-glorious. 

Ant. — Humble,  meek,  lowly,  affable,  deferential. 
Prove,    examine,    assay,    evince,   demonstrate,    establish, 
confirm,  manifest,  argue,  attest,  verify. 

Ant. — Disprove,  refute,  contradict. 
Proverb,  adage,  maxim,  aphorism,  saying,  byword,  saw. 

Ant. — Essay,  dissertation,  oration,  yarn. 
Provide,  procure,  prepare,  furnish,  supply,  arrange,  get. 

Ant. — Neglect,  overlook,    withhold,    retain,    refuse,    ap- 
propriate. 
Provident,  careful,  cautious,  thrifty,  prudent,  economical. 

Ant. — Improvident,  reckless,  careless. 
Provision,  food,  supplies,  clause,  duty,  function. 

Ant. — Neglect,  oversight,  want,  destitution,  pittance. 
Provoke.     See  IRRITATE. 
Prowess.     See  BRAVERY. 
Proximity,  nearness,  vicinity,  neighborhood 

Ant. — Distance,  remoteness,  separation. 
Proxy.     See  DEPUTY. 
Prudence,  carefulness,  judgment,  discretion,  wisdom. 

Ant. — Impudence,  rashness,  indiscretion,   silliness,  reck- 
lessness. 
Pry,  scrutinize,  peep,  peer,  look  into,  search. 

Ant. — Disregard,  overlook,  connive. 


153 

Public,  common,  general,  open,  notorious 

Ant. — Private,  personal,  secret,  secluded. 
Publish,  proclaim,  advertise,  announce,   declare,    divulge, 
disclose,  reveal,  issue,  bring  out,  print. 

Ant. — Suppress,  reserve,  conceal,  whisper,  deny. 
Puerile,  youthful,  juvenile,  boyish,  childish,    infantile,  tri- 
fling, weak,  silly. 

Ant. — Manly,  vigorous,  powerful,  cogent. 
Pull,  draw,  haul,  gather,  drag,  tu^ 

Ant. — Push,  eject,  propel. 
Punctilious,  nice,  particular,  formal,  precise. 

Ant. — Uncermonious,  unconventional,  unscrupulous. 
Punctual,  exact,  precise,  nice,  particular  prompt,  timely. 

Ant. — Late,  tardy,  dilatory,  unpunctual. 
Pungent,  acrid,  acrimonious,  piquant,   smart,  keen,  sting- 
ing. 

Ant. — Soothing,  mellow,  luscious,  unctuous. 
Punish,    chastise,    castigate,     correct,    chasten,    scourgep 
whip. 

Ant. — Reward,  remunerate,  approve,  indemnify. 
Puny.     See  WEAK. 
Pupil,  scholar,  disciple,  learner,  student,  ward,  tyro. 

Ant. — Teacher,  master,  adept,  guardian. 
Purchase.     See  BUY. 

Pure,  unmixed,  unspotted,  unsullied,   real,   unadulterated, 
genuine,  unblemished,  spotless,  immaculate,   absolute. 

Ant. — Impure,  foul,    corrupt,   stained,    denied,    sullied, 

tarnished,  guilty. 
Purify,  clarify,  clear,  cleanse. 

Ant. — Blacken,  befoul,  corrupt,  stain,  defile,  sully. 
Purloin.     See  STEAL. 

Purport,  tenor,  sense,    meaning,  import,    drift,   spirit,   in- 
tent, signification. 

Ant. — Statement,  assertion,  declaration,  proposition. 
Purpose,  n.  object,  design,  intention,  view,  aim,  drift,  end. 

Ant. — Chance,  fate,  hazard,  lot,  accident. 
Purpose,  v.     See  PROPOSE. 
Pursue,  chase,  hunt,  track,  follow,  prosecute. 

Ant. — Catch,  hold,  stop,  withdraw,  retire,  abandon 
Push,  thrust,  impel,  urge,  press,  drive. 

Ant. — Pull,  draw,  drag. 
Putative,  supposed,  reputed,  credited,  deemed,  reported. 


154        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Real,  veritable,  authenticated,  actual. 
Putrefy,  rot,  decompose,  corrupt,  decay. 

Ant. — Purify,  preserve,  freshen,  disinfect. 
Puzzle,  perplex,  confound,  embarrass,  bewilder,  confuse. 

Ant. — Enlighten,  instruct,  illumine,  clear,  solve. 


Quack,  impostor,   pretender,  charlatan,  empiric,  mounte- 
bank. 

Ant. — Dupe,  gull,  victim,  authority. 
Quail,   cow,   daunt,     dismay,    intimidate,    flinch,    quake, 

tremble. 

Ant. — Stand,  defy,  face,  endure. 

Quaint,  artful,  curious,  far-fetched,  fanciful,  odd,  singular. 
Ant. — Commonplace,      ordinary,      common,      modern, 

dowdy. 
Quake,  quail,  shake,  tremble,  shudder,  quiver. 

Ant. — Stand,  rest,  calm. 
Qualification,  capacity,  fitness,  capability. 

Ant. — Disqualification,  incapacity,  unfitness. 
Qualify,  fit,  adapt,  suit,  abate,  modify,  soften. 

Ant. — Disqualify,  unfit,  absolve,  incapacitate. 
Quality,    property,    attribute,    peculiarity,    rank,    fashion, 

distinction,  character,  station. 
Ant. — Nondescript,    incapacity,   indistinctiveness,   nega. 

tion. 
Quantity,  amount,  sum,  deal,  portion,  prrt,  division,  share. 

Ant. — Deficiency,  insufficiency,  loss,  diminution. 
Quarrel,  altercation,  brawl,  broil,  tumult,  feud,  affray,  dis- 
agreement, wrangle. 
Ant. — Peace,  agreement,   harmony,   friendliness,  amity, 

reconciliation. 
Quarrelsome,  irritable,  hot,  fiery,  irascible. 

Ant. — Peaceable,  mild,  meek,  conciliatory,  genial. 
Quash.     See  ANNUL. 
Queer,  quaint,  whimsical,  odd,  suange,  eccentric,  singular. 

Ant. — Ordinary,  familiar,  common,  usual. 
Quell.     See  SUBJ  .UE. 
Quench.     See  EXTINGUISH. 
Querulous,  complaining,  frerting,  repining. 
Ant. — Contented,  satisfied,  genial,  cheerful. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  155 

Query.     See  QUESTION. 

Question,  ask,  interrogate,  subject,  point,  doubt,  dispute. 
Ant. — Answer,   state,   assert,  dictate,   concede,  endorse, 

allow. 
Questionable,  doubtful,  uncertain,  disputable,  suspicious. 

Ant. — Certain,  evident,  obvious,  indisputable. 
Quick,  lively,  ready,   prompt,   alert,  nimble,  agile,  active, 
brisk,  expeditious,  adroit,  fleet,  rapid,  swift,  impetuous, 
sweeping,  dashing,  clever,  sharp. 
Ant. — Slow,  tardy,  sluggish,  inert,  inactive,  dull. 
Quicken,  accelerate,  hasten,  expedite,  despatch,  animate, 

revive,  vivify. 

Ant. — Retard,  delay,  clog,  sway,  detain,  discourage. 
Quickness,  speed,  velocity,  celerity,  swiftness,  fleetness. 
Quiescence,  quiet,  quietude,  rest,   repose,  tranquility,  dor. 

mancy,  abeyance,  stillness,  silence. 

Ant. — Agitation,  unrest,  motion,  noise,  disturbance,  ex- 
citement, tumult. 
Quiet,  v.  calm,  still,  hush,  lull,  pacify,  soothe. 

Ant. — Rouse,  excite,  disturb,  urge,  agitate. 
Quiet,  n.     See  QUIESCENCE. 
Quit,  relinquish,  abandon,  leave,   forego,  give  up,  resign, 

cede,  surrender. 

Ant. — Hold,  seek,  occupy,  bind,  enforce,  enter. 
Quite,  altogether,  completely,  wholly,  entirely,  totally. 

Ant. — Barely,  hardly,  partially,  imperfectly. 
Quiver.     See  QUAKE. 
Quixotic,  romantic,  wild,  freakish. 

Ant. — Rational,  reasonable,  hum-drum. 
Quote,  note,  repeat,  cite,  adduce. 
Ant. — Misquote,  contradict,  disprove,  retort,  refute. 

R 

Jtabid,  mad,  furious,  raging,  frantic. 

Ant. — Rational,  sane,  sober. 
Race.    See  ANCESTRY. 
Rack.     See  TORTURE. 
Radiance,  splendor,  brightness,  brilliance,  luster,  glare. 

Ant. — Dullness,  darkness,  gloom. 
Radiate,  shine,  gleam,  glitter,  glisten,  sparkle,  coruscate. 

Ant. — Darken*  duT   converge. 


156         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Radical,  organic,  innate,  fundamental,  original,  constitu* 

tional,  inherent,  complete,  entire. 
Ant. — Adventitious,    superficial,   partial,  derived,   extra' 

neous,  unimportant. 
Rage,  w.  anger,  indignation,  choler,  fury,  passion,  frenzy, 

fashion. 
Ant. — Reason,  moderation,  temperance,  calm,  mildness, 

softness. 
Rage,  v.  storm,  rave,  fret,  chafe,  fume. 

Ant. — Calm,  assuage,  cool. 
Rail,  censure,  bluster,  scold. 

Ant. — Flatter,  compliment,  approve. 
Raiment,  clothes,  vestments,  garments,  attire,  garb,  dresw, 

apparel. 

Ant. — Nudity,  nakedness,  nature. 

Raise,  hoist,  lift,  exalt,  heave,   heighten,  aggregate,  ele- 
vate, erect,  levy. 
Ant. — Lay,   cast,  depress,  lower,   depreciate,   lull,   quiet 

calm,  compose,  destroy,  silence. 
Rally,  assemble,  congregate,  recall,  inspirit,  animate. 

Ant. — Demoralize,  disperse,  disband. 
Ramble,  n.  excursion,  tour,  jaunt. 
Ant. — Rest,  quiet,  business,  ride. 
Ramble,   v.  wander,   stroll,  roam,  rove,  range,  expatiate 

stray. 

Ant. — Hasten,  speed,  drive,  run. 
Rambling.     See  DISCURSIVE. 
Rampant,  prevalent,  overruling,  imperious,  domineering 

luxuriant,  frisky,  headstrong. 
Ant. — Curbed,  controlled,  disciplined,  demure. 
Rampart,  bulwark,  defence,  fence,  security,  guard,  fortifi- 
cation, fort. 

Ant. — Exposure,  vulnerability. 
Rancid,  fetid,  rank,  stinking,  sour,  tainted. 

Ant. — Sweet,  pure,  fresh,  fragrant. 
Rancor,  malignity,  hatred,  hostility,  antipathy,  animosity, 

enmity,  ill-will,  spite. 
Range.     See  ARRANGE. 
Rank,  order,  degree,  dignity,  consideration,  distinction. 

Ant. — Disorder,  confusion,  commonalty. 
Ransack,  rummage,  pillage,  overhaul,  explore,  plunder. 
Ant. — Skim,  survey,  overlook,  leave,  omit. 


ANT>  ANTITHETIC    WORDS. 


"57 


Ransom,  emancipate,  free,  unfetter. 

Ant. — Prosecute,  hold,  detain,  indict,  fine,  forfeit. 
Rant,  bombast,  fustian,  cant. 

Ant. — Eloquence,  rhetoric,  reason,  argument. 
Rapacious,  ravenous,  voracious,  greedy,  grasping. 

Ant. — Frugal,  contented,  liberal,  bountiful. 
Rapidity,  quickness,  swiftness,   speed,    velocity,    celerity, 

fleetness,  activity,  expedition,  dispatch. 
Ant. — Slowness,  delay,  tardiness. 
Rapine.     See  PILLAGE. 

Rapt,   ecstatic,    transported,    ravished,    entranced,  spell- 
bound, charmed,  enchanted,  delighted. 
Ant. — Agonized,  tortured,  pained,  indifferent. 
Rapture,  ecstasy,  transport,  delight,  bliss. 

Ant. — Agony,  torture,  pain,  ennui. 
Rare,  scarce,  singular,  uncommon,  incomparable,  unusual, 

unique. 
Ant. — Common,  frequent,    abundant,    numerous,    usual, 

mean,  dense,  cheap,  worthless. 
Rascal.     See  ROGUE. 

Rash,  hasty,  precipitate,  foolhardy,  venturesome,    advent- 
urous, thoughtless,  heedless,  reckless,  careless. 
Ant. — Wary,  cautious,  timid,   discreet,  deliberate,  reluc- 
tant. 

Rashness.    See  RASH. 
Ratify,  confirm,  establish,  substantiate,  sanction,  endorse. 

Ant. — Reject,  repudiate,  abrogate,  annul,  nullify. 
Rational,    reasonable,   sagacious,   judicious,    wise,    intel- 
lectual, sensible,  sane,  sound. 
Ant. — Irrational,  insane,  weak,  silly,  absurd,  injudicious, 

unreasonable. 

Ravage,   overrun,    overspread,    desolate,    devastate,    de- 
spoil, destroy,  swoop. 

Ant. — Spare,  preserve,  protect,  shield,  indemnify. 
Ravenous.     See  RAPACIOUS. 
Raving,  distracted,  frantic,  mad,  furious,  angry,  violent. 

Ant. — Quiet,  calm,  reasonable,  sane. 
Ravish,  entrance,  enrapture,    transport,    enchant    charm. 

delight,  violate,  abuse. 

Ant. — Disgust,  displease,  annoy,  shield,  protect,  honor. 
Raze,  demolish,  destroy,  overthrow,  ruin,  dismantle, 
Ant. — Raise-,  erect,  build,  restore. 


158          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Reach,  touch,  stretch,  attain,  gain,  arrive  at. 

Ant. — Fail,  miss,  cease,  rebate,  stop. 
Readiness.     See  READY. 

Ready,   prepared,    ripe,   apt,    prompt,    adroit,   dexterous 
handy. 

Ant. — Slow,  tardy,  late,  reluctant,  awkward,  clumsy,  un> 

prepared,  unwilling,  constrained. 

Real,  actual,  literal,  positive,  certain,  genuine,   true,    veri- 
table. 

Ant. — Fictitious,  unreal,  imaginary,  false,  untrue,  spuri 

ous,  artificial,  assumed,  pretended,  possible. 
Realize,  accomplish,  achieve,  effect,  gain,  get,  acquire. 

Ant. — Fail,  lose,  miss,  dissipate,  falsify,  misrepresent. 
Reap,  gain,  get,  acquire,  obtain. 

Ant. — Sow,  plant,  waste,  lose,  squander. 
Rear,  lift,  elevate,  erect,  breed,  raise,  train. 

Ant. — Kill,  destroy,  demolish,  stifle. 

Reason,    motive,    design,   end,    argument,    proof,    cause, 
purpose. 

Ant. — Pretext,  fallacy,  folly,  aimlessness. 
Reasonable.     See  RATIONAL. 
Rebellion,  insurrection,  revolt. 

Ant. — Support,  adherence,  law,  order,  conspiracy. 
Rebuff,  repell,  repulse,  rebuke,  reprimand,  reprove,  check, 

Ant. — Welcome,  hail,  encourage. 
Recall,  revoke,  reclaim,  call  back,  annul,  caned 

Ant. — Send,  appoint,  delegate,  forget. 
Recant,  abjure,  retract,  revoke. 

Ant. — Propound,  assert,  maintain,  declare,  hold. 
Recapitulate,  repeat,  recite,  rehearse,  enumerate. 

Ant. — State,  say,  deliver,  pronounce. 
Recede,  retire,  retreat,  withdraw,  ebb. 

Ant. — Advance,  proceed,  approach,  flow. 
Receive,  accept,  take,  admit,  entertain,  hold. 

Ant. — Give,  impart,  reject,  discharge,  emit. 
Recent,  fresh,  late,  new,  novel,  modern. 

Ant. — Ancient,  antiquated,  archaic. 
Reception,  levee,  receipt,  admission. 

Ant. — Dismissal,  denial,  protest,  rejection,  repudiation. 
Recess,  retreat,  depth,  niche,  vacation. 

Ant. — Projection,    promontory,     protrusion,    publicity, 
work. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  159 

Reciprocal,  mutual,  alternate,  interchangeable. 

Ant. — One-sided,  unreciprocal. 
Recite,  relate,  tell,  repeat,  rehearse,  recapitulate. 

Ant. — Write,  read,  hear,  misquote,  misrepresent. 
Reckless,   heedless,  regardless,   careless,   indifferent,  uiv 
mindful,  headstrong,  imprudent,  wild. 

Ant. — Careful,    heedful,    cautious,    timid,    considerate 

wary. 

Reckon.  See  CALCULATE. 
Reckoning.  See  RECKON. 
Reclaim,  recall,  reform,  regain,  recover. 

Ant. — Vitiate,  corrupt,  debase. 
Recline,  lean,  rest,  repose,  lie. 

Ant. — Erect,  raise,  rise,  stand. 

Recognize,  acknowledge,  own,  coniess,  avow,    concede 
remember. 

Ant. — Ignore,  overlook,  cut,  disown,  repudiate,  forget. 
Recollect,  bear  in  mind,  remember,  think  of,  recall. 

Ant. — Forget,  lose,  disown. 

Recompense,   v.  indemnify,  compensate,  repay,  redeem, 
remunerate,  reimburse,  requite. 

Ant. — Ignore,  hurt,  dissatisfy. 
Reconcilable,  placable,  forgiving,  consistent. 

Ant. — Irreconcilable,  inconsistent,  incompatible. 
Reconcile,  conciliate,  pacify,  propitiate,  harmonize. 

Ant. — Estrange,  alienate,  separate,  sever. 
Record,  v.  enroll,  note,  register,  minute,  chronicle. 

Ant. — Suppress,  obliterate,  erase,  withhold. 
Record,  ».  chronicle,  register,  note,  trace,  minute,  memor- 
andum. 

Ant. — Oblivion,  obliteration. 

Recount,  relate,  rehearse,  narrate, »detail,  describe,  enum- 
erate, state. 

Ant. — Falsify,  hear,  listen. 
Recover,  regain,  repossess,  retrieve,  repair,  restore,  rally. 

Ant. — Lose,   forget,    miss, "impair,    decay,    decline,   re- 
lapse. 

Recreant,    cowardly,    base,    dastardly,    craven,    fearful, 
timid,  false. 

Ant. — Faithful,  true,  loyal,  gallant. 
Recreation,  sport,  pastime,  play,  amusement,  game,  fun. 

Ant, — Weariness,  toil,  work,  labor,  fatigue. 


i6o        A    DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Recruit,  repair,  replenish,  renew,  refresh,  restore,  replace 

invigorate. 

Ant. — Waste,  lose,  impair,  relapse,  decay. 
Rectify.     See  CORRECT. 
Rectitude.     See  INTEGRITY. 
Recumbent,  leaning,  lying,  resting,  reposing. 

Ant. — Erect,  vertical,  standing. 
Redeem,   ransom,    get   back,    recover,    atone    for,  recom 

pense,  make  amends,  rescue,  deliver,  save,  free. 
Ant. — Profit,  lose,  abandon,  betray,  surrender. 
Redolent,  odorous,  aromatic,  fragrant,  odoriferous. 

Ant. — Fetid,  ill-savored,  stinking. 
Redound,  tend,  conduce,  contribute,  add. 

Ant. — Fail,  miss,  defeat,  frustrate. 
Redress,  remedy,  repair,  abatement,  relieve,  mitigate. 
Ant. — Wrong,  impair,  aggravate,  intensify,  confirm,  per. 

petuate. 
Reduce,  abate,  lessen,  decrease,  diminish,  lower,  abridge, 

shorten,  curtail,  degrade,  conquer,  impoverish. 
Ant. — Enlarge,  increase,  augment,   extend,  broaden,  ex- 
pand, invigorate,  restore,  liberate,  transform. 
Redundant,  superfluous,  unnecessary,  excessive,  luxuriant 

Ant. — Defective,  requisite,  necessary. 
Reel,  stagger,  totter,  falter,  roll. 

Ant. — Walk,  stand,  run. 
Refer,  appeal,  allude,  revert,  relate,  belong. 

Ant. — Disconnect,  separate,  alienate,  misapply. 
Referee,  umpire,  judge,  arbitrator,  arbiter. 

Ant. — Litigant,  opponent,  adversary. 
Reference.     See  REFER. 

Refined,    polite,  courtly,  polished,  genteel,  purified. 
Ant. — Coarse,  vulgar,  gross,  rude,  blunt,  unsophisticated 

uncultivated. 

Reflect,  consider,  think,  ponder,  muse,  censure,  reprove. 
Ant. — Disregard,  overlook,  dream,  wander,  divert,  dissi- 
pate. 
Reform,  amend,  correct,  mend,  better,  restore,  ameliorate, 

improve,  reclaim. 
Ant. — Corrupt,  deform,  impair,   vitiate,  perpetuate,  con' 

firm. 

Reformation.    See  REFORM. 
Refractory.    See  OBSTINATE. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  161 

Refrain,  abstain,  keep  from,  restrain,  govern,  forbear,  de- 
sist from,  refuse. 

Ant. — Persist,  continue,  indulge,  venture. 
Refresh,  revive,  enliven,  cheer,  renew,  vivify,  regale,  feast. 

Ant. — Oppress,  weary,  tire,  fatigue,  exhaust,  enervate. 
Refuge,  asylum,  protection,  sanctuary,  shelter,  retreat. 

Ant. — Exposure,  peril,  snare. 
Refund,  reimburse,  pay  back,  repay,  return,  restore. 

Ant. — Expend,  embezzle,  appropriate,  steal,  divert,  with- 
hold. 
Refuse,  v.  deny,  reject,  repudiate,  decline,  withhold. 

Ant. — Grant,  concede,  afford,  yield,  comply. 
Refuse,  n.  dregs,  dross,  scum,  rubbish,  leavings,  remains. 

Ant. — Cream,  flower,  prime. 
Refute,  disprove,  falsify,  negative. 

Ant. — Prove,  confirm,  establish. 
Regain.     See  RECOVER. 
Regale,  feast,  entertain,  delight,  refresh,  gratify. 

Ant. — Starve,  stint,  refuse,  tantalize. 

Regard,  attend  to,  advert,  mind,  heed,  notice,  behold,  view, 
consider,  respect,  reverence,  revere. 

Ant. — Disregard,  miss,  overlook,  despise,  hate,  misjudge. 
Regarding.     See  REFERRING. 

Regardless,  indifferent,  careless,  heedless,  unmindful,  reck- 
less,  inconsiderate,  disregarding. 

Ant. — Careful,  attentive,  prudent,    cautious,    scrupulous, 

mindful. 

Register.     See  RECORD. 
Regret,   grief,  sorrow,   lamentation,  repentance,  remorse. 

Ant  — Indifference,  exultation,  callousness. 
Regular,    orderly,    methodic,   systematical,    uniform,  un- 
varied, customary,  ordinary,  stated,  periodical. 

Ant. — Irregular,    exceptional,  abnormal,   erratic,  uncer- 
tain, rare. 
Regulate,  arrange,  adjust,  organize,  govern,  rule. 

Ant. — Disorder,  confuse,  misrule. 
Rehearse,  narrate,  repeat,  recite,  recount,  te!3,  relate. 

Anl. — Exhibit,  perform,  misrepresent. 
Reimburse,  refund,  repay,  satisfy,  indemnify. 

Ant. — Embezzle,  defraud,  retain,  appropriate. 
Rein,  restrain,  moderate,  govern,  control,  check. 

Ant. — Indulge,  loose,  vent. 


1 62         A  DICTIONARY  OF    SYNONYMOUS 

Reiterate,  repeat,  reproduce,  renew. 

Ant. — Retract,  reverse,  contradict,  cancel. 
Reject,  repel,  renounce,  decline,  refuse,  repudiate. 

Ant. — Hail,  welcome,  accept,  choose,  select,  admit. 
Rejoice,  delight,  joy,  gladden,  exult,  revel. 

Ant. — Mourn,  grieve,  lament,  weep. 
Rejoinder,  retort,  parry,  reply,  answer,  replication. 

Ant. — Attack,  hit,  sally,  sarcasm,  silence. 
Relate.    See  TELL. 
Related,  cognate,  connected,  kindred,  akin. 

Ant. — Separated,  disconnected,  opposed,  different. 
Relation,   narration,   narrative,    account,    recital,    detail, 
affinity,  kinsman. 

Ant. — Irrelative,  disconnection,  dissociation,  irrelevancy. 
Relax,  abate,  slacken,  loosen,  soften,  relent. 

Ant. — Tighten,  intensify,  stretch,  bend,  brace,  grow. 
Release,  free,  extricate,  disengage,  liberate,  loosen. 

Ant. — Bind,  constrain,  confine,  fetter,  imprison. 
Relent.    See  RELAX. 
Relevant,  fit,  proper,  suitable,  appropriate,  pertinent,  apt. 

Ant. — Irrelevant,  impertinent,  inappropriate. 
Reliance,  trust,  hope,  dependence,  confidence. 

Ant. — Distrust,  misgiving,  suspicion,  diffidence. 
Relief,  succor,  aid,  help,  redress,  alleviation. 

Ant. — Oppression,  trouble,  exhaustion,  weariness. 
Religious,  pious,  godly,  holy,  devout,  sacred. 

Ant. — Irreligious,  profane,  ungodly,  sceptic,  impious. 
Relinquish.    See  FORSAKE. 
Relish,  taste,  flavor,  piquancy,  gusto. 

Ant. — Insipidity,  drawback,  disrelish. 
Reluctant,  unwilling,  averse,  loth,  disinclined. 

Ant. — Eager,  active,  ready,  forward,  willing,  prompt. 
Remain,  stop,  tarry,  halt,  abide,  stay,  continue,  sojourn, 
wait. 

Ant. — Fly,  vanish,  go,  disappear,  hasten,  depart. 
Remark,  note,  heed,  comment,  observe. 

Ant. — Disregard,  overlook,  miss. 

Remarkable,   unusual,  rare,  noteworthy,  noticeable,  ex- 
traordinary, observable,  striking. 

Ant. — Ordinary,  common,  every  day,  commonplace. 
Remedial,  healing,  curative,  mitigating. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  163 

Ant. — Noxious,  hurtful,  deleterious,  unhealthy,  unwhole, 

some. 
Remedy,  help,  relief,  redress,  cure,  specific,  reparation 

Ant. — Evil,  ill,  disease,  hurt,  plague,  provocation. 
Remember,  recall,  recollect,  mind. 

Ant. — Forget,  overlook,  disregard. 
Remiss.     See  CARELESS. 
Remit.     See  FOREGO. 
Remnant.    See  REMAINDER. 
Remonstrate,  object,  protest,  expostulate. 

Ant. — Acquiesce,  submit,  coincide. 
Remorse,  self-condemnation,  anguish,  penitence. 

Ant — Indifference,  complacency,  self-approval. 
Remorseless,  pitiless,  relentless,  cruel,  ruthless,  merciless. 

Ant. — Compassionate,  humane,  gentle,  lenient. 
Remote,  distant,  far,  secluded,  indirect. 

Ant. — Near,     close,     immediate,     proximate,     present, 

urgent. 
Remove,    displace,   dislodge,   withdraw,   suppress,   eject, 

oust. 
Rend,  tear,  disunite,  split,  lacerate. 

Ant. — Repair,  unite,  piece,  patch,  perpetuate. 
Render,  present,  restore,  return,  requite,  give. 

Ant. — Keep,  retain,  withhold,  appropriate. 
Renew.    See  REFRESH. 

Renounce,  reject,  abjure,  quit,  forego,  abandon,  foresake, 
resign,  relinquish,  disown. 

Ant. — Acknowledge,   recognize,  maintain,    assert,   own, 

avow,  profess,  defend. 
Renown,  distinction,  reputation,  fame,  glory,  celebrity. 

Ant. — Infamy,  disgrace,  dishonor,  disrepute,  ignominy, 

oblivion. 
Repair,  mend,  retrieve,  recover,  restore. 

Ant. — Impair,  injure,  waste,  deteriorate. 
Repay,  reimburse,  reward,  refund,  return,  requite. 

Ant. — Defraud,  embezzle,  cheat,  extort,  confiscate. 
Repeal.     See  ABOLISH. 
Repeat,  recite,  relate,  reproduce,  recapitulate,  rehearse. 

Ant. — Discontinue,   drop,   stop,   ignore,  suppress,  con- 
ceal, misquote. 
Repeatedly,  again  and  again,  frequently,  often. 

Ant. — Occasionally,  infrequently. 


164        A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Repel,  reject,  refuse,  deter,  repulse,  beat  back. 

Ant. — Propel,    advance,    encourage,    promote,    attack, 

charge. 
Repentance,  self-reproach,  penitence,  contrition,  remorse. 

Ant. — Impenitence,  obduracy,  self-approval. 
Replace,  reinstate,  refund,  restore. 

Ant. — Move,  remove,  derange,  deprive. 
Report,  announce,  notify,  tell,  communicate,  relate. 

Ant. — Silence,  hush,  suppress,  conceal. 
Repose,  «.  quiet,  quietude,  peace,  ease,  rest,  sleep. 

Ant. — Unrest,  agitation,  disturbance,  commotion,  tumult 
Repose,  v.  rest,  recline,  lie,  settle,  confide. 

Ant. — Rise,  move,  labor,  remove. 
Reprehend.     See  CENSURE. 
Represent.     See  PORTRAY. 
Representative.    See  AGENT. 
Repress,  quell,  crush,  subdue,  check,  curb,  restrain. 

Ant. — Raise,   rouse,   excite,  agitate,   encourage,   incite, 

stimulate,  fan. 
Reprieve,  pardon,  acquittal,  respite. 

Ant. — Conviction,  condemnation. 
Reprimand.     See  REPROVE. 
Reproach.     See  REPROVE. 
Reprobate,  villain,  ruffian,  miscreant,  castaway. 

Ant. — Example,  paragon,  model,  pattern. 
Reproduce,  propagate,  imitate,  represent,  copy. 

Ant. — Stifle,  extinguish,  exterminate,  misrepresent. 
Reprove,  chide,  rebuke,  reprimand,  scold. 

Ant. — Praise,  approve,  commend,  extol. 
Repudiate.    See  DISAVOW. 

Repugnant,    antagonistic,   averse,    adverse,   hostile,   un- 
willing. 

Ant. — Friendly,  harmonious,  agreeable,  consistent,  con- 
gruous. 

Repulsive.     See  ODIOUS. 
Reputable.    See  HONORABLE. 
Request,  desire,  beg,  ask,  beseech,  entreat. 

Ant. — Command,  order,  insist,  dictate,  enjoin,  exact. 
Requite.    See  REPAY. 
Rescind.    See  CANCEL. 
Rescue,  save,  preserve,  recover,  recapture,  retake. 

Ant. — Endanger,  expose,  imperil,  abandon,  surrender. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  165 

Research,  inquiry,  examination,   lore,  learning,  investiga- 
tion. 

Ant. — Oversight,  ignorance,  superficiality. 
Resemblance,  similarity,  semblance,  likeness,  image. 

Ant. — Unlikeness.  difference,  dissimilarity. 
Resent,  resist,  oppose,  repel,  rebel. 
Ant. — Overlook,  submit,  pardon. 
Resentment,  ire,  indignation,  anger,  umbrage,  animosity. 

Ant. — Endurance,  forgiveness,  mildness,  calmness 
Reserve,  shyness,  modesty,  coyness,  reservation. 
Ant. — Frankness,  candor,  openness,   forwardness,   pert- 
ness. 

Reside.    See  DWELL. 
Resident.    See  INHABITANT. 
Residue.    See  REMAINDER. 
Resign,  relinquish,  leave,  abandon,  abdicate,  forego. 

Ant. — Retain,  grasp,  claim,  appropriate,  hold. 
Resist,  withstand,  oppose,  check,  thwart,  hinder. 
Ant. — Encourage,    promote,    aid,   help,   submit,   suffer, 

tolerate,  permit. 
Resolute,  determined,  steadfast,  decided,  steady,  constant, 

persevering,  dogged,  unshaken,  unflinching. 
Ant. — Irresolute,  weak,  undecided,  inconstant,  vacillat- 
ing. 
Resolution,    determination,    resolve,     decision,     motion, 

courage,  fortitude,  firmness,  conversion. 
Ant. — Indecision,     inconstancy,     composition,      union, 

synthesis. 
Resort,  fly  to,  retreat,  repair,  retire,  go. 

Ant. — Shun,  ignore,  avoid,  discard. 
Resound,  echo,  re-echo,  ring,  respond,  reverberate. 

Ant. — Whisper,  murmur,  mutter,  die. 
Resources,  means,  materials,  devices,  expedients,   wealth, 

riches. 

Ant. — Destitution,  poverty,  want,  exhaustion. 
Respect,  regard,  prefer,  venerate,  defer. 

Ant. — Despise,  condemn,  disregard,  dishonor. 
Respectable,  good,  worthy,  laudable,  esteemed,  reputable, 

decent,  fair. 

Ant. — Disreptuable,  bad,  unworthy,  mean. 
Respite.    See  REPRIEVE. 
Respond,  reply,  answer,  rejoin,  correspond,  tally,  accord. 


i66        A  DICTIONARY  OF    SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Ignore,  overlook,  disregard,  disagree,  differ. 
Rest,  repose,  slumber,  quiet,  cessation,  peace,   tranquility, 

interval,  remainder,  residue. 
Ant. — Motion,  commotion,  tumult,  noise. 
Restive,  obstinate,  stubborn,  impatient,  uneasy. 

Ant. — Docile,  tractable,  manageable. 
Restoration,  renewal,   renovation,   return,   recovery,   re- 
vival, reparation. 
Ant. — Loss,    lapse,     forfeiture,     abandonment,     waste, 

seizure. 

Restore,  replace,  refund,  repair,  refresh,  heal,  cure. 
Ant. — Remove,  displace,  appropriate,  deprive,  demolish, 

injure. 

Restrain,  repress,  check,  stop,  limit,  hinder,  withhold. 
Ant. — Promote,  advance,   urge,  incite,  aid,  loosen,  am- 
plify, enlarge,  extend. 

Result,   end,  termination,  conclusion,  effect,  issue,    con- 
sequence. 

Ant. — Beginning,  cause,  origin,  rise,    operation,   antece- 
dent. 
Resume,  recommence,  begin  again,  renew. 

Ant. — Drop,  interrupt,  discontinue. 
Retain,  keep,  hold,  restrain,  retard,  detain,  engage,  hire. 

Ant. — Abandon,  forfeit,  surrender,  give  up. 
Retaliate,  repay,  revenge,  requite,  retort. 

Ant. — Pardon,  condone,  forgive. 
Retard.    See  IMPEDE. 
Retire.    See  DEPART. 
Retort.    See  REPLY. 
Retract.    See  RECALL 

Retreat,  departure,  retirement,  withdrawal,  asylum,  shel- 
ter, refuge. 

Ant. — Advance,  approach,   publicity,   exposure,    promi- 
nence. 
Retrench,  reduce,  abbreviate,  diminish,  curtail,   contract, 

lessen,  economize. 

Ant, — Increase,  extend,  enlarge,  augment,  amplify. 
Retribution,  penalty,  punishment,  requital 

Ant. — Pardon,  reprieve,  escape. 
Retrieve,  recover,  rescue,  regain,  restore,  repair. 

Ant. — Lose,  forfeit,  impair,  surrender. 
Retrospect,  review,  reminiscence,  survey. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  167 

Return,  reappear,  recur,  revert,  repay,  requite,  yield. 
Ant. — Depart,  leave,  go,  vanish,  disappear,  appropriate, 

withhold. 
Reveal,  disclose,  show,  divulge,  expose,  publish 

Ant. — Hide,  obscure,  conceal,  cover,  cloak. 
Revel,  feast,  carouse,  luxuriate,  banquet,  wallow. 

Ant. — Fast,  abstain. 
Revenge,  vengeance,  retaliation,  requital,  retribution. 

Ant. — Pardon,  comparison,  remission. 
Revengeful,  unforgiving,  spiteful,  resentful,  vindictive. 

Ant. — Forgiving,  generous,  compassionate. 
Revenue,  produce,  income,  fruits,  proceeds,  wealth 

Ant. — Expenditure,  expense,  waste. 
Reverence,   honor,    respect,    awe,  veneration,   deference, 

worship,  homage. 

Ant. — Irreverence,  dishonor,  contempt,  contumely. 
Reverse,  repeal,  revoke,  invert,  overturn,  overthrow,  sub- 
vert. 

Ant. — Order,  arrange,  place,  ordain,  affirm. 
Revert.     See  RECUR. 

Review,  retrospect,   retrospection,    survey,  revision,   criti- 
cism. 

Ant. — Glance,  look,  establishment. 
Revile,    vilify,    calumniate,    asperse,    slander,     reproach, 

abuse,   scandalize. 

Ant. — Flatter,  compliment,  eulogize. 
.Revise,  review,  reconsider. 

Ant. — Overlook,  skim,  dismiss. 
Revive,    refresh,    renew,    renovate,    animate,    resuscitate, 

vivify,  cheer,  comfort. 

Ant. — Extinguish,  kill,  depress,  exhaust,  droop,  wither. 
Revoke.     See  REPEAL. 
Revolt,  rebel,  resist,  shock. 

Ant. — Obey,  submit,  acquiesce. 
Revolting,  shocking,  disgusting,  frightful,  horrible. 

Anl. — Attractive,  pleasing,  charming,  genial. 
Revolve,  turn,  circulate,  whirl,  twirl,  wheel,  rotate. 

Ant. — Stand,  proceed,  fly,  walk. 

Reward,  recompense,  compensation, remuneration, requital, 
bounty,  premium. 
t. — Punishment,  wages,  earnings. 


168        A   DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Rich,  wealthy,  affluent,  opulent,  copious,  ample,  abundant, 

exuberant,  plentiful,  fertile,  fruitful,  gorgeous. 
Ant. — Poor,  needy,  indigent,  barren,  sterile,  unfruitful. 
Ridicule,  laugh  at,  deride,  mock,  lampoon,  rally,  chaff. 

Ant. — Venerate,  respect,  salute,  honor. 
Ridiculous,    ludicrous,   droll,    absurd,    preposterous,   gro- 
tesque, comical,  laughable. 

Ant. — Serious,    grave,    sober,   important,   weight/,  ma- 
jestic. 

Rifle.    See  PILLAGE. 
Right,  a.  lawful,  correct,  true,  straight,  direct,  just,  proper, 

fit,  suitable. 

Ant. — Wrong,   unjust,    untrue,    incorrect,    crooked,   dis- 
honest, bad,  vile. 

Right,  n.  claim,  privilege,  equity,  justice. 
Ant. — Wrong,  injustice,  falsehood,  emptiness,  encroach- 
ment, violence. 

Righteous,  godly,  upright,  just,  fair,  honest,  virtuous. 
Rigid,  rigorous,  austere,  unyielding,  stern,  harsh,  severe, 

unmitigated,  firm,  stringent. 
Ant. — Pliant,  docile,  flexible,  yielding,  mild. 
Riot,  commotion,  tumult,   uproar,   row,    disturbance,  corr 

fusion. 

Ant. — Peace,  order,  law. 
Ripe,  ready,  mellow,  complete,  mature. 

Ant. — Raw,  green,  crude,  immature,  imperfect,  unfit. 
Rise,  v.     See  ASCEND. 
Rise,  n.  origin,   source,  spring,  fountain-head,  beginning; 

acclivity,  ascent,  increase. 

Ant. — End,  subsidence,  sinking,  termination,  disappear- 
ance, conclusion. 
Risk.     See  VENTURE. 
Rite.    See  CEREMONY. 
Rival,    See  COMPETITOR. 
Roam,  ramble,  rove,  wander,  stray,  stroll. 

Ant. — Hurry,  speed,  fly,  hasten,  press. 
Roar,  thunder,  peal,  howl,  yell,  vociferate. 

Ant. — Silence,  hush,  whisper,  breathe. 
Robbery,  theft,  plunder,  pillage,  larceny,  depredation. 

Ant. — Restoration,  protection. 

Robust,  strong,  lusty,  vigorous,  sinewy,  sto«.».  sturdy,  stai* 
wart,  able-bodied. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  169 

Ant. — Weak,  frail,  delicate,  fragile,  sickly. 
Rogue,    scamp,  knave,   rascal,    villain,    scoundrel,    cheat, 

swindler,  sharper,  miscreant. 
Ant. — Gentleman,  citizen,  victim 
Roll,     See  CATALOGUE. 
Romantic,  sentimental,  poetic,  sensitive,  fictitious,  ideal. 

Ant. — Practical,  prosaic,  literal,  unvarnished. 
Room,  hall,  chamber,  apartment,  space. 

Ant. — Infinity,  meadow,  field,  atmosphere. 
Rough,  craggy,  uneven,  shaggy,  rugged,  blunt,  rude,  gruff, 

harsh. 
Ant. — Smooth,  even,  level,  sleek,  calm,  tranquil,  refined, 

courteous,  furnished. 
Round,  circular,  entire,  spherical,  complete,  plump. 

Ant. — Square,  oblong,  convex,  lean. 
Rouse.    See  AROUSE. 
Rout.     See  DEFEAT. 
Route,  road,  course,  march,  way,  journey,  path,  direction. 

Ant. — Ramble,  wandering,  hazard,  chance. 
Rove.     See  ROAM. 
Row,  tumult,  commotion,   riot,   disturbance,  uproar,  broil, 

affray. 

Ant. — Peace,  quiet,  order,  calm. 
Rubbish,  fragments,    debris,    litter,   wreck,   dross,   refuse, 

trash. 

Ant. — Valuables,  trinkets,  property. 

Rude,  rugged,  rough,  uncouth,  unpolished,   harsh,  gruff, 
impertinent,  saucy,  flippant,  impudent,  insolent,  churl- 
ish. 
Ant. — Refined,  modest,  bashful,  civil,  courteous,  polished, 

elegant,  gentle,  calm,  peaceful,  serene. 
Rugged.     See  ROUGH. 

Ruin,  destruction,   wreck,    havoc,    desolation,  ravage,  de- 
feat, overthrow. 
Ant. — Success,  rise,  prosperity,   completeness,  integrity, 

regeneration,  organization. 
Rule,  sway,  method,  system,  law,  maxim,  precept,  guide, 

formula,  regulation,  government,  standard,  test. 
Ant. — Irregularity,  chance,  hazard,  exception,  deviation. 
Ruling,    prevalent,    predominant,    ascendant,    dominant, 

rampant. 
Ant. — Unimportant,  unessential,  minor,  subordinate. 


170        A  DICTIONARY  OF    SYNONYMOUS 

Rumor,  hearsay,  talk,  fame,  report. 

Ant. — Verification,  fact,  proof,  evidence. 
Rumple,  wrinkle,  crumple,  pucker,  crease. 

Ant. — Smooth,  flatten,  arrange. 
Run,  flee,  scamper,  fly,  hasten,  go,  flow. 

Ant. — Walk,  saunter,  lounge,  stay,  stop,  halt,  hold,  fail, 

drop,  hesitate. 
Rupture,  fracture,  breach,  burst,  disruption,  hostility. 

Ant. — Union,  coalition,  fusion,  junction. 
Ruse.     See  TRICK. 
Rush,  stream,  sweep,  dash,  press,  roll. 

Ant. — March,  halt,  lag,  hesitate. 
Rustic,  rural,  countrified,  rude,  coarse,  simple. 

Ant. — Urbane,  elegant,  refined,  polished. 
Ruthless,  cruel,  savage,   barbarous,    inhuman,    merciless, 
remorseless,  relentless,  unrelenting. 

Ant. — Forbearing,  careful,  tender,  gentle,  lenient,  com- 
passionate. 


Sacred,  holy,  hallowed,  divine,  consecrated,  devoted. 

Ant. — Profane,  unholy,  common. 
Sad,  sorrowful,  mournful,  dull,  dismal,  downcast,  lugubri. 

ous,  dejected,  gloomy,  cheerless. 
Ant. — Joyous,  gay,  cheerful,  glad,  happy,  blithe. 
Safe,  sure,  secure,  certain,   substantial,  trustworthy,  relia- 
ble. 

Ant. — Unsafe,  insecure,  dangerous,  hazardous. 
Sagacious,  shrewd,  discerning,  sage,  wise,  prudent,  acute, 

discriminating,  intelligent. 
Ant. — Dull,  obtuse,  stolid,  unintelligent. 
Salary,  wages,  allowance,    pay.    stipend,   hire,  remunera 

tion. 

Ant. — Gift,  gratuity,  reward. 
Salient,  striking,   remarkable,  prominent,    projecting,  jut* 

ting. 

Ant. — Minor,  inconsiderable,  retreating,  retiring. 
Salutation,  greeting,  address,  welcome,  congratulation. 

Ant. — Disregard,  scorn,  affront,  cut. 

Sample,  specimen,  model,  pattern,  example,  illustration. 
Ant. — Exception,  nondescript,  variety,  nhenomenon. 


AND  ANTITHE  TIC  WORDS.  171 

Sanative.    See  SALUBRIOUS. 

Sanction,  confirm,  countenance,  encourage,  support,  ratify 

authorize. 

Ant. — Discountenance,  disallow,  prohibit,  nullify. 
Sanguine,  hopeful,  confident. 

Ant. — Desponding,  distrustful,  suspicious,  misgiving. 
Sapient.     See  WISE. 
Sarcasm,  satire,  irony,  chaff,  ridicule,  mockery. 

Ant. — Eulogy,  compliment,  panegyric. 
Satiate,  glut,  gorge,  satisfy,  surfeit. 

Ant. — Stint,  starve. 
Satire.     See  SARCASM. 

Satisfaction,  gratification,  compensation,  amend--,  Recom- 
pense, remuneration,  contentment,  complacency,  pay- 
ment. 
Ant. — Discontent,    dissatisfaction,  grievance,   vexation, 

annoyance,  fraud,  wrong,  demand,  claim,  offence. 
Satisfy,  please,  gratify,  convince,  satiate,  glut,  gorge. 
Ant. — Dissatisfy,  displease,  annoy,  stint,   starve,  puzzle, 

tantalize. 
Saturate,  Steep,  soak,  imbue,  impregnate. 

Ant. — Drain,  empty,  dry,  wrong. 
Saucy,  impertinent,  rude,  impudent,  insolent,  flippant,  for* 

ward. 

Ant. — Civil,  deferential,  obsequious,  servile. 
Saunter.     See  RAMBLE. 
Savage.    See  BARBAROUS. 
Save,  rescue,  deliver,  keep,  hold,  husband,  redeem,  spare, 

retrench,  economize. 
Ant. — Lose,  betray,  abandon,  destroy,  surrender,  impose, 

promote,  induce,  cause,  endanger,  risk  lavish,  waste. 
Savory,  tasty,  piquant,  tasteful,  palatable. 

Ant  — Dry,  flavorless,  distasteful,  nauseous. 
Scandalize,  shock,  disgust,   offend,  caluimnate,  vilify,  re- 
vile, malign,  traduce,  defame,  slander. 
Ant. —  praise,  respect,  honor. 
Scanty,  bare,  pinched,  insufficient,  slender,  meager. 

Ant. — Ample,  full,  liberal,  bountiful,  generous. 
Scarce,  rare,  singular,  uncommon,  unique,  wanting,  uti- 

usual. 

Ant. — Common,    frequent,    abundant,    plentiful,  thick, 
valueless. 


172         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Scarcity,  dearth,  famine,  lack,  want. 

Ant. — Plenty,  abundance,  frequency. 
Scare,  v.  See  FRIGHTEN. 

Scatter,  strew,  spread,  fling  around,  disseminate,  disperse. 
dissipate,  dispel. 

Ant. — Collect,  gather,  heap,  save,  accumulate. 
Scheme,  design,  plan,  project,  theory,  intrigue,  plot. 

Ant. — Blunder,  miscontrivance,  chance. 
Scholar,  disciple,  pupil,  student,  savanl. 

Ant. — Teacher,  master,  professor,  dunce. 
Science,  knowledge,  learning,  scholarship. 

Ant. — Ignorance,  inexperience. 
Scoff,  jibe,  jeer,  sneer,  deride,  taunt,  twit. 

Ant. — Salute,  respect,  compliment,  honor. 
Scope,  range,  purpose,  intention,  drift,  aim,  tendency,  de« 
sign,  view,  tenor,  purport. 

Ant. — Aimlessness,  accident,  deviation. 
Scorn,  contempt,  disdain,  mockery,  sneer. 

Ant. — Esteem,  regard,  honor,  respect. 
Scraggy.     See  LEAN. 
Scrap.    See  FRAGMENT. 
Screen.    See  CONCEAL. 
Scruple,  hesitate,  doubt,  waver. 

Ant. — Proceed,  decide,  determine,  act. 
Scrupulous,  strict,  nice,  conscientious,  precise. 

Ant. — Reckless,  unscrupulous,  confident,  self-complacent. 
Scrutinize,  examine,  sift,  investigate,  inquire  into. 

Ant. — Overlook,  disregard,  miss,  glance. 
Scurrilous.     See  OFFENSIVE. 

Search,    exploration,    scrutiny,  inquiry,  investigation,  ex* 
amination,  research,  quest,  pursuit. 

Ant. — Abandonment,  withdrawal,  stoppage. 
Season,  time,  period,  occasion,  term,  spell. 

Ant. — Untimeliness,  unseasonableness. 
Seasonable,  timely,  fit,  opportune,  convenient,  suitable. 

Ant. — Unseasonable,   unsuitable,    unexpected,   inoppor* 

tune. 

Seclusion.    See  PRIVACY 

Secondary,  second,  inferior,  under,  subordinate,  minor,  un. 
important. 

Ant. — Primary,  leading,  prominent,  important. 
Secrecy.    See  PRIVACY. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  173 

Secret,  concealed,   hidden,   clandestine,   sly,   underhand, 

private. 

Ant. — Public,     open,    exposed,    known,   notorious,  dis- 
closed. 

Secular,  worldly,  temporal,  civil,  lay,  profane. 
Ant. — Religious,  clerical,  monastic,  spiritual. 
Secure.     See  SAFE. 
Security.     See  PROTECTION. 
Sedate,  settled,  grave,  composed,  calm,  quiet,  serene,  staid. 

Ant. — Flighty,  ruffled,  frolicsome,  indiscrete,  playful. 
Sedition,  insurrection,  rebellion,  revclv,  mutiny,   tumult 

riot. 

Ant. — Union,  allegiance,  fealty,  quiet,  obedience,  order. 
Seditious,  factious,  tumultuous,   turbulent,  insurgent,  mu* 

tinous,  rebellious,  incendiary. 
Ant. — Obedient,  orderly,  quiet,  calm,  peaceful. 
Seduce,  allure,  attract,  decoy,  entice,  abduct,  inveigle. 
Ant. — Force,  compel,  command,  overpower. 

Sedulous,    assiduous,  diligent,   industrious,   indefatigable, 

constant,  persevering. 

Ant. — Idle,  inconstant,  wandering,  distracted. 
See,  behold,  view,  witness,  eye,  spy,  descry,  discern,  per- 
ceive, understand,  observe,  note,  mark,  discover. 
Ant. — Miss,  overlook,  disregard,  misunderstand,  ignore. 
Seek,  look  for,    search,   explore,   examine,   find   out,    dis- 
cover, detect,  ask. 

Ant. — Avoid,  shun,  elude,  discard,  abandon,  ignore. 
Seem,  look,  appear. 

Ant — Belie,  misrepresent,  differ. 

Seemly,  fit,  suitable,  becoming,  decent,  decorous,  comely. 
Ant. — Unseemly,    unbecoming,    unfit,    unsuitable,     im- 
proper, indecent,  incongruous. 
Seize,  capture,  catch,  grasp,    clutch,    snatch,    take,  arrest, 

apprehend,  bind,  fasten. 

Ant. — Loose,  dismiss,  liberate,  abandon,  drop,  unfasten. 
Seldom,  rarely,  unfrequently. 

Ant. — Often,  frequently,  invariably. 
Select,  elect,  prefer,  choose,  pick,  cull. 

Ant. — Lump,  sweep,  take. 

Selfish,  egotistical,    self-seeking,    earthly,    sordid,    merce- 
~«v,    nary,  venal,  greedy. 


174         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Unselfish,   disinterested,    generous,    liberal,  mag- 
nanimous, considerate. 
Sell,  vend,  dispose  of,  hawk,  retail. 

Ant. — Give,  bestow,  present. 
Send,  transmit,  forward,  dispatch. 

Ant. — Detain,  withhold,  deny,  recall. 
Seniority,  eldership,  superiority,  priority. 

Ant. — Juniority,  inferiority,  subordination. 
Sensation,  perception,  apprehension,  feeling,  impression. 

Ant. — Apathy,  insensibility. 

Sense,  discernment,  appreciation,    view,   opinion,  feeling, 
perception,    sensibility,   susceptibility,    thought,   judg- 
ment, signification,  import,  significance,  meaning,  pur- 
port, wisdom, 
Ant. — Ignorance,  folly,  nonsense,  insensibility,  stolidity, 

misconception,  misinterpretation. 

Senseless,  foolish,  imbecile,  brainless,   absurd,   nonsensi- 
cal, unmeaning,  silly. 
Ant. — Sensible,  wise,  practical. 

Sensible,  wise,  intelligent,  reasonable,  sober,    sound,  con- 
scious, aware. 

Ant. — Insensible,   ignorant,  intangible,  invisible,  impal- 
pable. 
Sensual,  carnal,  fleshly,  voluptuous,  animal. 

Ant. — Spiritual,  intellectual,  abstemious,  ascetic. 
Sentiment,  thought,  feeling,  notion,  sensation,  apprehen- 
sion, opinion,  impression,  conviction. 
Ant. — Vacuity,      nonsense,    ignorance,    conjecture,    as- 
sumption, prejudice. 
Separate,   distinct,    different,   unconnected,  disconnected, 

detatched,  disjoined,  severed. 
Ant. — United,  joined,  tied,  wedded,  linked,  consolidated, 

connected,  fused,  collected. 
Sequel,  end,  close,  termination,  conclusion. 

Ant. — Original,  beginning,  opening. 
Serene.    See  CALM. 
Series.     See  ORDER. 
Serious.    See  GRAVE. 
Serve.    See  AID. 
Service.    See  BENEFT. 
Servile,  mean,  low,  abject,  sneaking. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  175 

Ant. — Independent,   refractory,   stubborn,  defiant,  rebel- 
lion. 
Set,  put,  place,  lay,  arrange,  locate,  settle. 

Ant. — Remove,  lift,  raise,  transfer,  loosen,  detach. 
Settle,  arrange,  adjust,    regulate,    organize,    conclude,  de- 
termine, fix,  ratify,  confirm. 

Ant. — Unsettle,  remove,  disturb,  disorder,  misplace. 
Sever,  break,  disconnect,  dissever,  separate,  detach. 

Ant. — Unite,  connect,  include,  join. 
Several,  sundry,  divers,  various,  many. 

Ant. — One,  same,  identical,  united,  total. 
Severe,  harsh,  stern,  stringent,  unmitigated,    rough,   un- 
yielding. 

Ant. — Gentle,  considerate,   lenient,   kind,  genial,  indul- 
gent, gay,  cheerful,  joyous. 
Shade,  shadow,  dim,  obscure,  cloud. 

Ant. — Light,  illuminate,  shine,  glare,  expose. 
Shadowy.     See  DIM. 
Shake,  tremble,  shudder,  shiver,  quake,  quiver. 

Ant. — Secure,  fix,  fasten,  strengthen,  stand. 
Shame,  disgrace,  dishonor,  immodesty,  indecency. 

Ant. — Honor,  glory,  renown,  credit. 
Shameful.     See  SHAME. 
Shameless.     See  SHAME. 
Shape,  form,  fashion,  mold,  model. 

Ant. — Distort,  derange,  pervert,  caricature. 
Share,  portion,  lot,  division,  quantity,  quota,  contingent. 

Ant. — Whole,  mass,  aggregate,  entirety. 
Sharp,  pointed,  biting,  pungent,  acute,  keen,  shrewd,  clever, 
witty,  penetrating,  piercing,  shrill. 

Ant. — Blunt,  dull,  obtuse,  rounded,  hollow,  light,  trivial, 

mild,  gentle,  tender,  indifferent,  careless. 
Shatter,  shiver,  derange,  disorder. 

Ant. — Construct,  organize,  compose. 
Shed,  pour,  effuse,  spread,  spill,  diffuse. 

Ant. — Absorb,  collect,  assume,  retain. 
Shelter,  n.  asylum,  refuge,  retreat,  cover,  haven,  security. 

Ant. — Exposure,  betrayal. 
Shelter,  v.  cover,  screen,  lodge,  protect. 

Ant. — Expose,  endanger,  imperil,  betray. 
Shift,  v.  transpose,  contrive,  change,  alter,  veer. 

Ant. — Locate,  fasten,  fix,  plant. 


176         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Shift,  n.  evasion,  expedient,  resource,  alternative. 

Ant. — Location,  permanence,  fixity. 
Shine,  glow,  gleam,  glisten,  glitter,  radiate,  sparkle. 

Ant. — Fade,  wane,  glimmer,  gleam. 
Shiver,  shatter,  break,  quake,  shudder,  quiver,  tremble. 

Ant. — Steady,  stiffen,  stand. 
Shock,  offend,  disgust,  appal,  dismay,  scare,  stun,   terrify. 

Ant. — Gratify,  please,  delight,  amuse. 
Shocking,  disgusting,  revolting,  dreadful,  terrible. 

Ant. — Pleasing,  charming,  delightful,  creditable,  attract* 

ive. 
Short,  brief,  concise,  curt,  compendious. 

Ant. — Long,    protracted,    extended,    unlimited,    ample, 

abundant,  complete. 
Shorten.    See  ABBREVIATE. 

Show,  exhibition,  sight,  representation,  spectacle,  scene, 
pageant,  ostentation. 

Ant. — Secrecy,  disguise,   concealment,   suppression,  dis- 
appearance. 
Showy,  pompous,  gorgeous,  fine,  gay,  grand. 

Ant. — Quiet,  subdued,  unnoticeable. 
Shrewd.     See  SAGACIOUS. 
Shroud.    See  COVER. 
Shudder.     See  TREMBLE. 
Shun.     See  AVOID. 
Shut,  close,  preclude. 

Ant. — Open,  expand,  unfasten,  unclose. 
Shy,  timid,  reserved,  coy. 

Ant. — Bold,  impudent,  forward,  audacious. 
Sick,  ill,  diseased,  disordered,  distempered,  indisposed,  un- 
well, ailing. 

Ant. — Well,  whole,  healthy,  strong,  robust. 
Side,  edge,  verge,  margin,  border,  party,  cause,  interest, 
policy. 

Ant. — Center,  core,  body,  interior,  neutrality,  opposition. 
Sight,  seeing,  perception,  view,  vision,  spectacle,  show. 

Ant. — Blindness  invisibility,  disappearance,  oversight. 
Sign,    token,    proof,    indication,    symbol,    emblem,    type, 
symptom,  mark,  omen,  signal,  badge. 

Ant. — Misjudication,  falsification,  misrepresentation. 
Signal,   remarkable,   noted,   notable,    extraordinary,   emi- 
nent, conspicuous,  memorable,  important. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  177 

Ant. — Ordinary,  common,  unimportant,  unnoticeable. 
Significant,  expressive,  indicative,  momentous. 

Ant. — Insignificant,  meaningless,  unindicative,  mute. 
Signify,  express,  declare,  intimate,  imply,  denote,  mean, 

betake. 

Ant. — Conceal,  suppress,  nullify,  relute,  neutralize. 
Silence,  stillness,  quiet,  calm,  secrecy. 

Ant. — Noise,  clamor,  din,  tumult,  roar,  agitation,  pub- 
licity, celebrity,  loquacity. 
Silly,  simple,  imbecile,  foolish,  witless,  unwise,  indiscreet, 

nonsensical. 

Ant. — Sagacious,   intelligent,  astute,  wise,  discreet,  pru- 
dent, rational,  sound. 
Similar,  resembling,  alike,  corresponding. 

Ant. — Different,  unlike,  dissimilar,  alien,  incongruous. 
Similitude.    See  SIMILAR. 
Simple,  silly,  imbecile,  foolish,  elementary,  unmixed,  mere, 

plain,  frank,  open,  shallow. 
Ant. — Complex,    double,    mixed,     various,    compound, 

elaborate,  complicated,  sagacious,  wise. 
Sin,  wrong,  wickedness,  iniquity,  crime,  ungodliness,  evil. 
Ant. — Goodness,  virtue,  righteousness,   purity,   holiness. 
Sincere,  unvarnished,  genuine,  honest,  unaffected,  upright, 

true,  plain,  frank,  candid,  cordial. 
Ant. — Insincere,  false,  feigned,  pretended,  dishonest. 
Single,  sole,  unmarried,    singular,   particular,  individual, 

only. 

Ant. — Plural,  many,  collective,   double,   numerous,  fre- 
quent, married. 
Singular,  particular,  odd,  curious,  eccentric,  queer,  strange, 

rare,  scarce. 
Ant. — Common,   frequent,   ordinary,    usual,   customary, 

general. 

Sinister,  unfair,  disingenuous,  dishonest,  bad,  evil,  left. 
Ant. — Honest,  right,  fair,  lucky,  fortunate,  attractive. 
Sink,  droop,  descend,  suppress,  conceal,  submerge. 
Ant. — Rise,  ascend,  mount,  soar,  swell,  increase. 
Size,   greatness,   bulk,   magnitude,   largeness,    dimension, 

bigness,  extent. 

Ant. — Smallness,  littleness,  minuteness. 
Sketch.    See  PORTRAY. 
Skillful.     See  ADROIT. 


178        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Skill.     See  APTITUDE. 

Skulk,  sneak,  hide,  cover,  sink,  shroud,  shelter,  veil. 

Ant, — Show,  parade,  issue. 

Slack,  loose,  remiss,  careless,   negligent,  backward,  weak, 
slow. 

Ant. — Tight,  tense,  diligent,  alert,  active,  eager. 
Slacken,  loosen,  unbind,  relax,  abate,  flag,  moderate. 

Ant. — Tighten,  increase,  freshen. 

Slander,   defame,   asperse,   calumniate,   traduce,    detract, 
scandalize,  revile,  vilify,  abuse. 

Ant. — Vindicate,  commend,  praise,  honor,  extol. 
Slaughter,  bloodshed,  carnage,  butchery. 

Ant. — Peace,  order,  arbitration. 
Slavish.     See  SERVILE. 
Slay.     See  KILL. 
Sleek,  glossy,  shiny,  velvety,  silken. 

Ant. — Rough,  bristly,  hairy. 

Sleepy,    sluggish,   lazy,   somnolent,    slumbrous,   drowsy, 
lethargic. 

Ant. — Wakeful,  vigilant,  alert,  awake,  active. 
Slender,  slim,  thin,  small,  trivial,  slight,  fragile. 

Ant. — Stout,  robust,  thick,  massive.        ^ 
Slight,  a.     See  SLENDER. 
Slippery,  smooth,  glossy,  unsafe,  deceptive,  evasive. 

Ant. — Rough,  firm,  securely,  safe,  stable,  trustworthy. 
Slothful.     See  IDLE. 
Slovenly,  loose,  negligent,  disorderly,  tidy. 

Ant. — Trim,  neat,  tidy,  orderly,  careful. 
Slow,  dilatory,  tardy,  sluggish,  tedious,  dull,  lazy. 

Ant. — Quick,  fast,  rapid,  alert,  active,  ready,  prompt. 
Sluggish.     See  SLOTHFUL. 

Sly,  cunning,  astute,  crafty,    artful,    subtle,    wily,  under, 
hand. 

Ant. — Open,  frank,  artless,  undesigning. 
Small,  little,  diminutive,  minute,  slight,  trivial. 

Ant. — Great,  large,  big,  bulky,   ample,   stouf,   spacious, 

strong,  important,  liberal. 

Smart,  quick,  keen,  brisk,  sharp,   caustic,    severe,  clever, 
witty,  showy,  spruce. 

Ant. — Dull,  heavy,  slow,  stupid,  sluggish,  dowdy,   shab- 
by, clownish. 
Smartness.    See  SMART 


A  AD  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  179 

Smear,  daub,  besmear,  begrime,  varnish,  spatter. 

Ant. — Polish,  sour,  scrape. 
Smell.     See  ODOR. 
Smite,  beat,  strike,  slay,  kill,  afflict,  chasten,  punish. 

Ant. — Soothe,  caress,  console  repel 
Smoke,  fumes,  vapor,  nothing,  moonshine,  triviality. 

Ant  — Substance,  reality,  flame   importance. 
Smooth,  a.  suave,  bland,  even,  level,  plain,  polished,  flat 

Ant  — Rough,  uneven,  rugged,  harsh,  blunt 
Smooth,  v   vevel,  flatten,  ease,  calm,  allay   mollify. 

Ant  — Roughen,  smear,  dent,  groove,  excite,  aggravate. 
Smother,  gag    strangle,  alloy,  stifle,  conceal,  choke,    suf 
focate 

Ant  —  Fan,  ventilate,  resuscitate,  foster,  cherish,  publish 
Snare.     See  TRAP. 
Snatch,  pluck,  pull,  twitch,  catch,  clutch,  grasp,  grip. 

Ant. — Restore,  release,  unhand. 
Sneak.    See  CROUCH. 
Sneer,  scoff,  taunt,  jibe.  mock. 

Ant. — Compliment,  eulogy,  deference. 
Snub.     See  REBUKE. 
Snug,  close,  compact,  concealed,  comfortable. 

Ant, — Exposed,  loose,  uncomfortable,  bare. 
Soak,  wet,  moisten,  steep,  drench,  saturate,  macerate. 

Ant — Dry,  air,  wring,  bleach. 
Soar,  rise,  mount,  tower,  ascend,  aspire. 

Ant. — Drop,  sink,  descend,  alight 

Sober,  moderate,  abstemious,  abstinent,  sedate,  temperate, 
cool,  calm,  dispassionate,  reasonable,  self-possessed. 

Ant  — Intemperate,  drunk,  intoxicated,    excited,    impaa 

sioned,  agitated,  furious,  extravagant,  eccentric. 
Sociable,    social,    convivial,    conversable,   familiar,   com. 
panionable,  genial,  friendly. 

Ant. — Unsociable,  ungenial,  morose,  retiring,  bashful. 
Social,  civil,  civic,  sociable,  convivial. 

Ant. — Individual,  personal,  solitary,  physical. 
Society,  association,    company,   corporation,   companion* 
ship,  community,  fellowship,  fraternity. 

Ant. — Individuality,  personality,  separation,  privacy. 
Soft,  Supple,  flexible,  yielding,    docile,   tractable,  manage 
able,  mild,  gentle,  meelf,  tender,  mellow,  sleek,  glossy 


I8o         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Hard,   tough,    rigid,    unyielding,    coarse,    harsh, 

rough,  unkind,  stern,  sharp,  ascetic,  resolute. 
Soften,  civilize,  mollify,  mitigate. 

Ant. — Harden,  barbarize,  excite,  infuriate. 
Soil,  v.  stain,  sully,  tarnish,  begrime,  defile,  doleful,  dirty, 

Ant.  —Cleanse,  purity,  bleach. 
Sojourn,  v.    See  DWELL. 
Solace.    See  COMFORT. 
Sole,  only,  solitary,  single,  alone,  individual,  exclusive. 

Ant. — Plural,  numerous,  collective. 
Solemn.    See  GRAVE. 
Solemnity,  ceremony,  rite,  observance,  form,  celebration' 

sancity,  sacredness,  impressiveness. 

Ant. — Gaiety,  profanity,  triviality,  desecration,  vulgarity./ 
Solicit,   ask,  crave,    beg,     urge,    pray,  entreat,  beseech, 

implore,  supplicate,  importune,  invite. 
Ant. — Demand,  require,  exact,  claim. 
Solicitude.    See  ANXIETY. 
Solid,  hard,    firm,    stable,    substantial,   compact,    dense, 

strong  valid. 
Ant. — Hollow,  soft,  yielding,  frail,  brittle,  elastic,  weak, 

invalid,  unsound. 
Solitary.    See  ALONE. 

Solution,  explanation,  answer,  key,  disconnection. 
Ant. — Union,    combination,    connection,    complication, 

mystification,  obscurity. 
Solve.    See  EXPLAIN. 
Sombre,  dull,  grave,  gloomy,  cloudy,  murky,  dusky,  sable, 

dark,  mournful,  funereal,  lugubrious. 
Ant. — Bright,  gay,  sunny,  joyous. 
Song,    ballad,    carol,    ditty,    lay,    strain,   poem,    hymn, 

anthem. 

Ant. — Speech,  prose,  sermon. 
Soothe,  soften,  allay,  appease,  relieVa,  assuage,  compose, 

calm,  quiet,  still,  hush,  lull,  paci*v.  mitigate. 
Ant. — Rouse,  excite,  ruffle,  irritats,  agitate,  aggravate, 

annoy,  infuriate. 
Sordid,  earthly,  selfish,  mean,  covetous,  niggardly,  greedy 

close,  dirty,  foul,  gross,  vile,  base. 

Ant. — Pure,    generous,    unselfish,    honorable,   profuse, 
lavish,  prodigal,  extravagant. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  181 

'Sorrow,  affliction,  distress,  grief,  trouble,  sadness,  mourn- 
ing. 

Ant  — Joy,  gladness,  rejoicing. 
Sorry,    grieved,    pained,    hurt,    afflicted,    vexed,   shabby, 

paltry,  worthless,  vile,  sorrowful,  sad. 
Ant. — Glad,  pleased,  delighted,  gratified,  fine. 
Sort,   species,   kind,  quality,   class,  genus,   nature,  char- 
acter. 

Ant. — Unliiteness,    eccentricity,    phenomenon,    unique- 
ness. 

Soul,  spirit,   life,  reason,   intellect,  vitality,   energy,  cour- 
age, feeling,  person,  animation,  vivacity 
Ant. — Materiality,  body  organism,  physiology. 
Sound,  a.  healthy,  orthodox,  unbroken,  unimpaired,  firm, 

weighty,  valid. 
Ant. — Unsound,   imperfect,    partial,    broken,  impaired, 

unhealthy,  weak,  frail,  fragile. 
Sound,  v.  ring,  peal,  clash,  clang,  investigate,  gauge. 

Ant. — Silence,  hush,  overlook,  disregard 
Sour,    acid,    sharp,  tart,   rancid,  harsh,  pungent,  piquant, 

crabbed,  morose,  peevish. 

Ant. — Sweet,  wholesome,  mellow,  genial,  kindly. 
Source,  origin,  spring,  fount,  cause,  rise,  original,  begin- 
ning, commencement. 

Ant. — Mouth,  end,  exit,  issue,  result,  effect. 
Soverign,    regal,    royal,    imperial,   principal,    chief,    pre- 
dominant, paramount,  effectual. 
Ant. — Inferior,  subject,   subordinate,  subservient,  weak, 

inefficient. 
Space,  room,  interval,  extent,  expanse,  field. 

Ant. — Limitation,  restriction,  confinement,  proximity. 
Spacious,   ample,    roomy,    capacious,    extensive*    large, 

wide. 

Ant. — Narrow,  limited,  cramped,  confined. 
Spare,  v.  afford,  give,  husband,  store,  forbear. 

Ant. — Spend,  squander,  lavish,  scatter,  int.  Tlge. 
Spare,  a.  meager,  scanty,  frugal,  stinted,  lean,  thin. 
Ant. — Ample,  plentiful,  abundant,  profuse,  liberal,  £«n« 

erous,  bountiful,  available. 
Sparkle,  shine,  flash,  gleam,  twinkle,  glitter,  glisten,  glare, 

bubble,  effervesce. 
Ant. — Smoulder,  stagnate,  expire. 


182          A  DfCTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Speak,  converse,  say,  tell,  talk,  discourse,  utter,  express. 

Ant. — Hush,  sing,  write,  chant,  conceal. 
Special,  exceptional,  peculiar,  particular,  distinctive. 

Ant. — General,  universal,  common,  generic. 
Fnecify,  particularize,  state,  designate,  mention. 

Int. — Generalize,  iump,  combine,  confound. 
Specimen,  model,  sample,  illustration,  example,  instance. 

Ant. — Exception,  amomaly,  nondescript,  freak. 
Specious,  colorable,  plausible,  showy. 

Ant. — Absurd,  ridiculous,  inadmissible,  unreasonable. 
Spectacle,  show,  display,  sight,  scene,  exhibition,  repre- 
sentation, pageant. 
Ant. — Fizzle,  non-celebration 
Spectator.    See  OBSERVER. 
Speculation,  contemplation,  consideration,  view,  theory, 

scheme,  conjecture. 

Ant. — Realization,  proof,  fact,  verification,  certainty. 
Speedy,  early,  quick,  fast,  rapid,  swift,  fleet. 

Ant. — Late,  slow,  tardy,  loitering,  lingering. 
Spend,  expend,  disburse,  exhaust,  squander,  lavish,  waste. 

Ant. — Retain,  save,  hoard,  accumulate,  economize. 
Spirit,  breath,  life,  essence,  soul,  specter,  apparition,  ghost, 

courage,  zeal,  mood,  temper,  principle. 
Ant. — Body,  substance,  flesh,  frame,  embodiment,  torpor, 

deadness,  timidity,  dejection. 
Spirited.    See  ANIMATED. 

Spiritual,  divine,  religious,  incorporeal,  inmaterial,  eccle« 
>        siastical,  ghostly. 

Ant. — Material,  carnal,  fleshly. 
Spite,  rancor,  spleen,  malice,  malevolence,  ill-will,  grudge,' 

pique,  vindictiveness. 
Ant. — Goodwill,  kindliness,  benevolence. 
Spleen.    See  SPITE. 
Splendid,   magnificent,   grand,   brilliant,   showy,   superb; 

sumptuous,  pompous,  glorious,  illustrious,  signal. 
Ant. — Tame,  sombre,  dull,  obscure,  unimposing,  mean, 

poor,  ordinary,  ineffective. 

Split,  cleave,  break,  burst,  crack,  divide,  separate. 
Ant. — Unite,  cohere,  coalesce,  combine,  agree,  consol* 

date. 

Spoil,  destroy,  mar,  impair,  injure,  plunder. 
A »/.— Preserve,  improve,  better,  enrich,  endow.  ' 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  183 

Spontaneous,  voluntary,  willing,  gratuitous. 

Ant. — Involuntary,  compulsory,  necessitated. 
Sport,  amusement,  diversion,   recreation,  pastime,   game; 

play,  frolic. 

Ant, — Work,  business,  earnestness, 

Spread,    extend,  disperse,   expand,  diffuse,  distribute,  cir- 
culate, propagate,  disseminate,  unfurl. 
Ant. — Contract,  gather,  furl,  fold,    close,  shut,  secrete, 

suppress,  restrict,  hush,  conceal. 
Sprightly.     See  GAY. 
Spring,  rise,   proceed,   issue,   flow,  emerge,  leap,  bound, 

jump. 

Ant. — Alight,  land,  drop,  arrive,  issue,  end,  terminate. 
Sprout,  bud,  germinate,  shoot  forth,  spring. 

Ant. — Blight,  wither,  decay. 
Spruce.     See  NEAT 
Spur,  goad,  incite,  urge,  stimulate. 

Ant  — Hold,  discourage,  rein,  check,  restrain,  deter. 
Spurious,    counterfeit,    fictitious,    unauthentic,    false,   un» 

sound. 

Ant. — Genuine,  true,  veritable,  legitimate,  authentic. 
Spurn.    See  SCORN. 
Squalid,  foul,  filthy,  dirty,  unclean,  poverty-stricken. 

Ant. — Cleanly,  wholesome,  trim,  neat,  tidy. 
Squander,  waste,  consume,  dissipate. 

Ant. — Save,  retain,  hoard,  hold,  acquire,  get. 
Squeeze.     See  PRESS. 

Stable,    firm,     established,    solid,    substantial,    constant, 
staunch,  steadfast,  steady,  fast,  standing,   permanent, 
perpetual. 
Ant. — Unstable,  weak,  infirm,  insecure,  precarious,  frail, 

transient,  evanescent. 
Stagnant,  motionless,  lifeless,  tideless,  standing. 

Ant. — Brisk,  flowing,  rapid,  lively,  seething,  restless. 
Staid,  steady,  sober,  demure,  grave,  sedate. 

Ant. — Unsteady,  flighty,  indiscreet,  eccentric,  agitated. 
Stain,  color,  dye   blot,  soil,  befoul,  tarnish,  sully,  pollute. 

mar,  injure,  spoil. 

Ant. — Purify,  cleanse,  waste,  decorate,  honor. 
Stalwart.    See  POWERFUL. 
Stammer.    S*e  HESITATE. 


184         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Stamp,  mark,  impress,  impression,  print,  genus,  kind,  de» 

scription,  make,  mold,  type. 
Ant. — Formlessness,  non-description. 
Stand,  stop,  rest,  stagnate,  endure,  halt. 
Ant. — Move,  proceed,  advance,  progress,  yield,  fall,  fail. 

run,  vanish,  depart. 
Standard,  criterion,  measure,  gauge,  test,  rule. 

Ant. — Mismeasurement,  misconformity,  misfit. 
Standing,  status,  ground,  station,  rank,  position. 

Ant. — Insecurity,  precariousness. 
Starved,  famished,  lean,  ill-fed,  emaciated, 

Ant. — Fat,  well-fed,  plump. 
State,  n.     See  CONDITION. 
State,  v.  specify,    particularize,   say,  declare,   propound, 

avow,  narrate,  recite. 
Ant. — Suppress,  conceal,  suppose,   imply,  deny,  retract, 

contradict,  hear. 
Stately.     See  DIGNIFIED. 
Station,  standing,   position,   post,  office,   situation,  state, 

rank,  location. 

Ant. — Removal,  departure,  ejectment. 
Stationary,  immovable,  fixed,  motionless. 
Ant. — Movable,    changeable,  migratory,  alterable,  un- 
fixed. 

Staunch.    See  SINCERE. 

Stay,  remain,  abide,  continue,  await,  wait  for,  dwell,  sup- 
port, sustain,  hold,  stop,  restrain,  arrest,  hinder. 
Ant. — Go,  leave,  depart,  move,  proceed,  hasten,  speed, 

send,  expedite,  free,  oppress,  burden,  fail. 
Steadfast,  constant,  staunch,  firm,  resolved. 
Ant. — Wavering,  capricious,  uncertain,  dubious,  irreso- 
lute. 
Steady,  firm,  fixed,  constant,  regular. 

Ant. — Unsteady,  variable,  changeable,  inconstant. 
Steal,  purloin,  pilfer,  filch,  embezzle. 
Ant. — Buy,  restore,  renew,  pillage. 
Steep,  precipitous,  abrupt,  hilly,  craggy. 
Ant. — Easy,  level,  gradual,  accessible. 
Sterile,  unfruitful  barren,  desert,  unproductiye. 

Ant. — Fertile,  fruitful,  productive,  luxuriant,  cultivated. 
Sterling,  genuine,  pure,  unalloyed,  unadulterated,  sound, 
substantial. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  185 

Ant. — False,  fictitious,  specious,  pretentious,  unreliable. 
Stern,  harsh,  severe,  austere,  rigid,  rigorous,  strict. 

Ant. — Lenient,  kindly,  easy,  genial. 
Stick.     See  ADHERE. 
Stifle      See  EXTINGUISH. 
Stigma,  mark,  brand,  infamy,  disgrace,  blot,  stain 

Ant. — Decoration,  laurels,  credit,  renown. 
Still      See  MOTIONLESS. 
Stimulate.     See  ENCOURAGE. 
Stingy,  close,  mean,  niggardly,  sparingly. 

Ant. — Liberal,  generous,  lavish,  bountiful. 
Stint,  limit,  stop,  restrict. 

Ant. — Lavish,  pour,  heap,  squander. 
Stipend.     See  REMUNERATION. 
Stipulate,  bargain,  contract,  agree  on,  engage,  covenant. 

Ant. — Retract,  decline,  refuse,    withdram,  disagree,  pro 
t  test. 
Stir,  budge,  move,  agitate,  disturb,  excite,  arouse. 

Ant. — Still,  quiet,  pacify,  soothe,  repress. 
Stock.     See  STORE. 
Stolid,  obtuse,  heavy-headed,  doltish,  dull   senseless. 

Ant. — Acute,  quick,  clever,  bright,  sensitive. 
Stoop,  bend,  yield,  condescend. 

Ant. — Rise,  erect,  stand. 

Stop,  close,  plug,  cork,  seal,  arrest,  check,  hinder,  impede, 
bar,  terminate. 

Ant. — Open,  clear,  unseal,  promote,  speed,  hasten,  pro- 
ceed. 
Store,  stock,  fund,  supply,  hoard,  provision,  treasury. 

Ant. — Emptiness,  lack,  want,  consumption,  exhaustion.  > 
Stormy,  tempestuous,  boisterous,  blustering,  roaring,  rav« 
ing. 

Ant. — Calm,  quiet,  peaceful. 

Stout,    robust,    athletic,    vigorous,    stalwart,    corpulent, 
strong,  lusty. 

Ant. — Lean,  thin,  slender,  weak,  frail,  feeble,  timid. 
Straight,  right,  direct,  undeviating. 

Ant. — Crooked,  winding,  curved,  circuitous. 
Strain,  stretch,  tighten,  exert,  filter. 

Ant. — Loosen,  relax,  slacken. 

Strange,    odd,    surprising,  singular,  eccentric,  rare,  un* 
-\    common,  unusual. 


186        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Familiar,     usual,    ordinary,     common,     regular 

general. 
Stranger,  foreigner,  alien. 

Ant. — Neighbor,  friend,  acquaintance,  countryman. 
Stratagem,    artifice,   trick,   deception,   cheat,    imposture, 

delusion,  deceit,  plot,  plan,  device. 
Ant. — Attack,  openness,  frankness,  blunder,  defect. 
Stray,  rove,  ramble,  err,  digress,  deviate,  wander. 

Ant. — Adhere,  abide,  stick,  return. 
Strength,  power,  might,  authority,  force,  vigor. 
Ant. — Weakness,  feebleness,  infirmity,  fraility,  softness, 

insecurity,  invalidity. 
Strengthen,    fortify,    reinforce,    invigorate,    consolidate, 

establish,  substantiate. 

Ant. — Weaken,  loosen,  shake,  undermine,  diminish. 
Strenuous,   vigorous,    zealous,    vehement,   bold,   ardent, 

strong,  resolute. 
Ant. — Weak,  feeble,  irresolute. 
Stress,  emphasis,  force,  accent,  strain,  weight,  pressure. 

Ant. — Lightness,  touch,  triviality,  unimportance. 
Stretch,    spread,    expand,    extend,    lengthen,    elongate, 

reach. 

Ant. — Contract,  shorten,  shrink,  curtail. 
Strict,   close,   accurate,    correct,    exact,   nice,    stringent, 

rigorous,  severe. 

Ant. — Loose,  lax,  indulgent,  lenient,  inaccurate. 
Stricture.    See  CENSURE. 
Strife,   struggle,   quarrel,   contention,    discord,    disagree* 

ment,  bickering,  wrangle. 

Ant. — Peace,    amity,    friendship,    reconciliation,   good- 
will. 
Strike,  hit,  beat,  smite,  touch. 

Ant. — Avoid,  graze,  miss,  escape,  pass, 
Striking.     See  MARVELOUS. 
Strip,  denude,  divest,  bare,  despoil,  rob,  rifle. 

Ant. — Clothe,  invest,  endow,  enrich,  compensate. 
Strive,  labor,   struggle,  aim,    contend,  vie,   contest,  en- 
deavor. 

Ant. — Submit,  succumb,  yield,  withdraw. 
Strong,  forcible,  cogent,  powerful,  fortified,  potent,  sturdy 
stalwart,  hale. .robust,  sinewy,  athletic,  hardy,  firm. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  187 

Ant. — Weak,  frail,  powerless,  defenceless,  feeble,  sickly 

infirm,  calm,  gentle,  delicate,  impotent,  moderate. 
Struggle.     See  STRIVE. 
Stubborn.     See  OBSTINATE. 
Studious.     See  DILIGENT. 
Study,  thought,  consideration,  care,  attention,  application. 

Ant. — Idleness,  ease,  carelessness,  negligence. 
Stupendous,    astounding,  amazing,  marvelous,  wondrous. 

Ant. — Ordinary,  unimposing,  small. 
Stupid,  stolid,  dull,  obtuse. 

Ant. — Bright,  quick,  clever,  sagacious,  sensible. 
Sturdy.     See  STRONG. 
Suavity.     See  AFFABILITY. 

Subdue,  conquer,   overpower,   vanquish,  subjugate,   over- 
come, tame,  quell. 

Ant. — Exalt,  aggrandize,  strengthen,  fortify,  liberate* 
Sublime,   grand,   noble,    raised,    exalted,    lofty,    elevated, 
eminent,  high, 

Ant. — Low,  mean,  base,  ignoble,  inglorious,  ordinary. 
Submerge,  inundate,  drown,  deluge,  flood,  sink. 

Ant. — Raise,  extricate,  dry,  save. 
Submissive.     See  OBEDIENT. 
Submit,  succumb,  comply,  yield,  surrender. 

Ant. — Resist,  oppose,  object,  withdraw,  resume,  recoven 

retain,  hold,  keep. 
Subsequent,  later,  posterior,  following. 

Ant. — Prior,  former,  earlier,  anterior. 
Subsist.     See  EXIST. 

Substantial,   real,   true,    solid,    substantive,   tangible,  re- 
sponsible. 

Ant. — Unreal,    imaginary,    fictitious,    visionary,    imma- 
terial, weak,  frail,  ghostly. 
Substitute.     See  DEPUTY. 
Subterfuge,  evasion,  shift,  quirk,  subtility,  artifice,  dodge. 

Ant. — Candor,  openness,  frankness,  honesty,  challenge, 

assertion,  exhibition. 
Subtile,  fine,  thin,  rare,  delicate,  nice,  acute,  refined. 

Ant. — Coarse,  thick,  gross,  dense. 
Subtle,  cunning,  crafty,  astute,  sly,  wily,  artful,  shrewd. 

Ant. — Simple,  artless,  open,  frank,  rough,  undiscerning. 
Subtract,  deduct,  subduct,  withdraw,  remove,  take. 

Ant. — Add,  import,  give,  bring. 


188        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Succeed,  flourish,  thrive,  prosper,  follow. 

Ant. — Fail,  lose,  miss,  precede,  anticipate. 
Successful,  fortunate,  lucky,  happy. 

Ant. — Unsuccessful,  unfortunate,  unlucky. 
Succession,  order,  series,  rotation,  lineage,  race. 

Ant. — Irregularity,  disorder,  failure,  intermission,  breaft, 

gap. 
Succinct,  brief,  short,  concise. 

Ant. — Prolix,  diffuse,  discursive,  long. 
Succor.    See  AID. 
Succumb.    See  SUBMIT. 

Sudden,  abrupt,  quick,  unexpected,  unlocked  for,  unasu 
ticipated. 

Ant. — Gradual,  expected,  anticipated,  slow. 
Suffer,  bear,  endure,  tolerate,  admit,  allow,  let,  permit. 

Ant. — Resist,  repel,  reject,  forbid,  ignore. 
Suffocate.    See  SMOTHER. 
Suggest,  hint,  allude,  refer,  intimate,  insinuate,  propose, 

Ant. — Declare,  insist,  demand,  dictate,  enunciate. 
Suit,  serve,  adapt,  agree,  answer,  fit,  please,  harmonize. 

Ant. — Differ,  disagree,  misfit,  vary. 

Suitable,  seemly,  fit,  apt,  becoming,   expedient,    conven- 
ient, eligible,  opposite. 

Ant. — Unsuitable,  unfitting,  unbecoming,  discordant. 
Sulky,  sullen,  gloomy,  morose,  fretful. 

Ant. — Genial,  kindly,  obliging. 

Sully,   stain,  tarnish,  soil,  spoil,  blemish,  mar,  disgrace, 
dishonor. 

Ant. — Purify,  cleanse,  glorify,  ennoble,  dignify. 
Sum,  amount,  quantity,  total,  whole,  problem,  aggregate. 

Ant. — Part,  portion,  item,  imperfection. 
Summary,  n.  abstract,  epitome,  digest,  abridgment,  com- 
pendium. 

Ant. — Expansion,  dilution,  explanation. 
Summary,  a.  short,  brief,  concise,  compendious,  succinct. 

Ant. — Tedious,  protracted,  circuitous,  formal,  slow, 
Summit,  top,  height,  culmination,  acme,  apex,  zenith. 

Ant. — Bottom,  depth,  base,  foot,  nadir. 
Summon,  call,  fetch,  cite,  bid,  challenge,  convoke. 

Ant. — Send,  discharge,  remit,  disband,  dissolve,  dismiss. 
Sumptuous,  costly,  expensive,   dear,  valuable,   princely, 
superb. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  189 

Ant. — Poor,  mean,  inexpensive,  sordid,  beggarly,  frugal. 
Sunder.    See  SEPARATE. 
Sundry.     See  DIFFERENT. 
Superb,  princely,  grand,  splendid,  magnificent 

Ant. — Mean,  commonplace,  shabby. 
Supercilious,  haughty,  arrogant,  insolent. 

Ant. — Affable,  courteous,  modest. 
Superficial,    shallow,  flimsy,  slight,    imperfect,   external 

outer. 

Ant. — Deep,  profound,  abstruse,  accurate,  exact. 
Superfluous,  needless,  excessive,  useless,  unnecessary. 
Ant. — Essential,  necessary,  required,  scant,  deficient. 
Superintend,  supervise,  overlook,  control,  direct,  manage, 

Ant. — Obey,  submit,  do. 

Superior,  higher,  upper,  noble,  head,  better,  excellent. 
Ant. — Inferior,    lower,    worse,    subordinate,    ordinary, 

common. 
Superlative,  highest,  greatest,  extreme,  supreme,  exquisite. 

Ant. — Lowest,  common,  ordinary. 
Supernatural,  miraculous,  preternatural. 

Ant. — Natural,  physical,  human. 
Supercede,  overrule,  annul,  set  aside,  suspend,  supplant. 

Ant. — Confirm,  perpetuate,  continue,  supply. 
Supine,  indolent,    sluggish,   lazy,  listless,   dull,  apathetic, 

torpid,  inactive,  careless. 

Ant. — Active,  energetic,  diligent,  indefatigable. 
Supple,  lithe,  flexible,  pliant,  bending,  yielding,  compliant. 
Ant. — Firm,  stiff,  stubborn,  inflexible,  unbending,  inde- 
pendent. 
Supplicate,  pray,  beg,  solicit,  beseech,  importune,  entreat, 

implore,  crave. 

Ant. — Order,  command,  insist,  demand. 
Supply,  furnish,  give,  grant,  afford,  provide,  minister,  con- 
tribute, yield. 
Ant. — Expend,  use,  consume,  absorb,  demand,  withhold, 

retain. 

Support,  sustain,  prop,  uphold,  maintain,  help,  befriend, 
assist,  countenance,  patronize,  favor,  second,  further, 
forward,  promote,  nurture,  nourish,  foster. 
Ant. — Drop,  abandon,  betray,  surrender,  discontinue, 
oppose,  discourage,  weaken,  exhaust,  subvert,  sup* 
press. 


IQO        A  DICTIONARY  OF   SYNONYMOUS  \ 

Suppose,  presume,   conceive,   apprehend,   imagine,  think; 
assume,  believe,  deem. 

Ant. — Prove,  demonstrate,  deny,  negative. 
Supposition.     See  CONJECTURE. 
Suppositious,  spurious,  false,  theoretical,  speculative. 

Ant. — Genuine,  true,  real. 

Suppress,  repress,  crush,  quell,  restrain,  put  down,  stifle, 

overwhelm,  smother,  check,  stop. 

Ant. — Raise,  support,  fan,  excite,  incite,  instigate,   ag- 
gravate, publish,  spread,  disseminate. 
Supreme,  paramount,  highest,  greatest,  principal. 

Ant. — Inferior,  subordinate,  subject,  lower. 
Sure,     infallible,      certain,     indisputable,     unmistakable, 
doubtless,    firm,     safe,    secure,     confident,    positive, 
assured. 
Ant. — Uncertain,  ignorant,  dubious,  doubtful,  weak,  pre. 

carious,  insecure,  transient,  fallible. 
Surfeit,  glut,  gorge,  cloy,  pall,  satiate. 

Ant. — Stint,  deprive,  starve. 
Surly,  gloomy,  morose,  sulky,  sullen,   splenetic,  ill-natur 

ed,  rough,  gruff. 

Ant. — Genial,  kindly,  pleasant,  happy. 
Surmise,  presume,  conjecture,  guess,  suppose,  suspect. 

Ant. — Prove,  establish,  verify,  state. 
Surmount,  overcome   subdue,  vanquish,  conquer,  surpass, 

exceed. 

Ant. — Succumb,  fail,  miss,  submit,  lose. 
Surpass,  excel,  exceed,  outdo,  outstrip,  surmount. 

Ant. — Fail,  foil,  miss,  equal. 
Surplus,  remainder,  overplus,  residue,  excess,  balance. 

Ant. — Deficiency,  deficit. 
Surprise,  astonish,  amaze,  startle,  alarm. 

Ant. — Forewarn,  prepare,  premonish. 
Surrender,  cede,  give  up,  deliver,  yield,  relinquish,  resign 

abandon. 

Ant. — Resist,  defeat,  retain,  vindicate,  withhold. 
Surreptitious,  underhand,  furtive,  stealthy,  clandestine. 

Ant. — Open,  frank,  honest,  ingenuous. 
Surround,  environ,  encompass,  encircle,  invest,  besiege 

inclose. 
Antt — Open,  expose,  liberate,  free. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORD*.  19 « 

Survey,  examine,  scrutinize,  review,  view,  inspect,  recon* 

noiter. 

Ant. — Overlook,  ignore,  miss,  disregard. 
Susceptible,  sensitive,  excitable,  tender,  sensible. 

Ant. — Insusceptible,  insensitive,  impassive,  cold. 
Suspect,  fear,  surmise,  guess,  conjecture. 

Ant. — Trust,  credit,  confide. 
Suspense,  doubt,  uncertainly,  anxiety,   solicitude,  respite, 

rest,  pause. 

Ant. — Settlement,  decision   determination. 
Suspicion,  misgiving,  jealousy,  distrust,  mistrust. 

Ant. — Belief,  trust,  confidence. 
Suspicious,  doubtful,  questionable,  mistrustful. 

Ant. — Trusting,  confident. 
Sustain.     See  SUPPORT. 
Sustenance,  support,  living,  livelihood,  subsistence,  main* 

tenance,  sustentation. 
Ant. — Starvation,  exhaustion,  inanition. 
Swallow,    absorb,  imbibe,   engulf,  engross,  consume,  de* 

vour. 

Ant. — Vomit,  disgorge,  discharge. 
Swamp,  bog,  fen,  morass,  marsh,  quagmire. 

Ant. — Field,  meadow,  river,  lake,  pond,  hill. 
Sway,   influence.,    government,    authority,   dominion,  so. 

premacy,  ascendency,  rule. 

Ant. — Meekness,  obedience   subservience,  subjection. 
Swear,  declare,  depose,  testify,  curse,  blaspheme. 

Ant. — Guess,  surmise,  conjecture   hesitate. 
Sweet,  sugary,  luscious,  delicious  pleasing,  mild,  gentie, 

winning. 
Ant. — Sour    bitter,    offensive,  nasty,  discordant,  reput 

sive   unwholesome,  tainted. 
Swell,   heave,    rise,    enlarge,    enhance,  heighten,   dilate, 

expand,  augment. 
Ant. — Contract,    lessen,     diminish,    reduce,    condense, 

narrow. 
Swift,  quick,  fleet,  speed,  rapid,  prompt,  ready,  eager 

Ant. — Slow,  tardy,  lazy,  loitering,  sluggish. 
Swindler,     See  CHEAT 

Sycophant,  flatterer,  parasite,  adulator,  toady,  hanger-on. 
Ant—  Friend,  rival, 


JQ2         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Sympathy  commiseration,  condolence,  pity,  compassion, 
agreement   fellow-feeling,  union   concert. 

Ant.  —  Antipathy    unkindness,  harshness 
Symptom,  token    sign   note,  mark  suggestion. 

Ant. — Misindication,  mistake. 
Synod.    See  ASSEMBLY 
Synonymous.     See  EQUIVALENT. 
Synopsis,  epitome  syllabus. 

Ant. — Oration,  essay   dilation,  expansion. 
System,  method  arrangement,  regularity,  order,  rule,  piaa 
scheme, 

Ant. — Disorder,  confusion,  chance,  fortuity. 


Tacit,  silent,  implied,  understood,  implicit. 

Ant. — Open,  avowed,  declared,  expressed. 
Tact,  address,  adroitness,  expertness,  skill,  nicety,  discrim. 

ination,  dexterity. 

Ant. — Indiscretion,  ignorance,  awkwardness,  mistake 
Tactics,  strategy   policy,  diplomacy. 

Ant. — Blunder,  mistake. 
Taint,  contaminate,  defile,  pollute,  corrupt,  infect,  Yitiate, 

disgrace. 

Ant. — Purify,  cleanse,  disinfect,  efface. 
Take,  accept,  receive,  catch,  seize,  remove,  abstract. 

Ant. — Drop,  reject,  abandon,  lose,  miss,  repel,  give. 
Talent,    ability,   faculty,   genius,  cleverness,  gift,  endow. 

ment. 

Ant. — Imbecility,  stupidity,  incompetence. 
Talk,  conversation,  chat,  gossip,  dialogue,    discourse,  re- 
port, rumor. 

Ant. — Writing,  correspondence,  literature. 
Talkative,    garrulous,    loquacious,     prating,     chattering, 

chatty. 

Ant. — Taciturn,  silent,  reserved,  close,  mute,  reticent. 
Tall.     See  HIGH. 
Tally,  match,  suit,  correspond,  agree,  accord,  harmonize. 

Ant. — Differ,  disagree. 

Tame,  gentle,  domesticated,  mild,  docile,  tedious,  dull. 
Ant. — Wild,  savage,  undomesticated,  fierce,  spirited,  ani- 
mated, exciting,  lively. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  193 

Tangible,  palpable,  solid,  substantial,  material,  percepti- 
ble. 

Ant. — Intangible,   impalpable,  spiritual,   incomprehensi- 
ble. 

Tantalize,  aggravate,  provoke,  irritate,  tease,  vex,  frus- 
trate. 

Ant. — Gratify,  soothe,  satisfy. 
Tantamount,  equivalent,  synonymous,  equal  to. 

Ant. — Unequivalent,  unequal. 
Tardy.     See  SLOW. 
Tarnish.     See  TAINT. 
Tarry,  await,  stay,  remain,  lag,  loiter,  abide,  lodge,  dwell* 

Ant, — Press,  push,  speed,  haste. 
Tart,  sour,  sharp,  keen,  acrid,  bitter,  acrimonious. 

Ant. — Mellow,  sweet,  mild,  genial,   kindly,    oily,  polite, 

courteous. 
Task,  business,  work,  labor,  toil,  lesson. 

Ant. — Relaxation,  leisure,  amusement,  hobby. 
Taste,    judgment,    discernment,    perception,    sensibility, 

relish,  gusto,  zest,  nicety,  elegance,  refinement. 
Ant. — Indiscrimination,     indiscernment,   indelicacy,   In- 
sipidity, coarseness. 
Tasteless,  flat,  insipid,  mawkish,  vapid,  dead,  stale. 

Ant. — Savory,  toothsome,  palatable,  elegant,  refined. 
Taunt,  gibe,  jeer,  sneer,  scoff,  twit,  deride,  reproach. 

Ant. — Compliment,  eulogy,  panegyric. 
Tax,    toll,   duty,  rate,  assessment,  impost,   contribution, 

custom. 

Ant. — Gift,  wages,  reward,  remuneration. 
Teach,  instruct,  inform,   educate,    inculcate,   train,  direct, 

guide,  counsel,  advise, 
Ant. — Mislead,    misinform,     misguide,    withhold,    bru» 

talize. 
Teacher,   schoolmaster,   professor,  preceptor,  instructor, 

tutor. 

Ant. — Pupil,  student,  scholar. 
Tear,  rend,  break,  lacerate,  sever,  sunder. 

Ant. — Mend,  unite. 
Tease,  vex,  plague,  torment,  irritate,  disturb,  provoke. 

int. — Soothe,  gratify,  please,  delight,  fascinate. 
i'edious,    slow,    dilatory,     tardy,    wearisome,     irksome 
dreary,  tiresome,  prosy,  sluggish. 


C94         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Quick,  exciting,  interesting,  amusing,  delightful. 
Teeming,  prolific,  fertile,   pregnant,  fruitful,   full,  fraugh^ 

replete,  swarming. 
Ant. — Barren,  scant,  sparse,  few. 

Tell,  number,   enumerate,   count,  state,  mention,  commu- 
nicate,    apprise,    impart,    reveal,    inform,    ascertain, 
signify,  acquaint,  notify,  intimate,  report. 
Ant. — Hear,  listen,  repress,   suppress    misrecount,  mis- 
narrate,  misjudge. 
Temerity,  foolhardiness,  audacity,  rashness,  heedlessness. 

Ant. — Timidity,  caution,  calculation. 
Temperate,  abstinent,  moderate,  sober,  abstemious,  calm, 

cool,  sedate,  frugal. 
Ant. — Intemperate,  immoderate,   self-indulgent,   torrid, 

frigid. 

Tempest.    See  STORM. 
Temporal,  wordly,  terrestrial,  mundane,  secular,  transient. 

Ant. — Religious,  spiritual,  eternal,  sacerdotal. 
Temporary,  present,  immediate,  transient,  partial. 

Ant. — Perpetual,  lasting,  complete,  perfect,  permanent 

final. 
Temporize,  fence,  maneuver,  procrastinate. 

Ant. — Act,  decide,  determine,  confirm. 
Tempt,    allure,   try.    test,    draw,   attract,    decoy,    entice, 

seduce. 

Ant. — Dissuade,  deter,  warn,  frighten,  repel. 
Tenable,  defensible,  sound  reasonable. 

Ant. — Indefensible,  weak,  fallacious,  irrational,  absurd. 
Tend,  keep,  watch,  guard,  manage,  incline,  nurture. 

Ant. — Betray,  desert,  abandon. 
Tendency,    inclination,     leaning,    propensity,    proclivity, 

proneness,  predisposition,  scope,  drift,  aim,  bias. 
Ant. — Disinclination,  aversion,  deviation,  tangency. 
Tender,  v.  offer,  proffer,  produce,  bid. 

Ant. — Withhold,  withdraw,  retain. 
Tender,  a.  mild,    kind,   bland,   indulgent,   compassionate, 

gentle. 

Ant. — Strong,  sturdy,  hardy,  tough,   cruel,  careless,  lib- 
eral, rough,  rude,  unfeeling. 
Tenet.    See  OPINION. 

Tenor,  meaning,  drift,  intent,  sense,  purport.  • 

Ant. — Incoherence,  irrelevance,  variance. 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS,  -  195 

Tension,  strain,  force,  tone,  stretch,  tightness. 

Ant. — Looseness,  laxity,  slackness 
Term.     See  DESIGNATE, 
Terminate,  close,  end,  conclude,  complete,  finish,  stop. 

Ant. — Begin,  commence,  initiate,  establish,  progress, 
Terrestrial,  worldly,  earthly,  mundane,  sublunary. 

Ant. — Celestial,  infernal. 

Terrible,    awful,    terrific,    tremendous,    fearful,   dreadful, 
shocking,  frightful,  horrible. 

Ant. — Ordinary,  common,  pleasant. 
7errify.    See  FRIGHTEN. 
Terror.    See  ALARM 

Terse,  neat,    smooth,  compact,   concise,   succinct,   pithy 
forcible,  energetic. 

Ant. — Coarse,  rough,  rude,  inconcise,  diffuse,  prolix. 
Tfest,  criterion,  standard,   ordeal,  experience,  experiment, 
trial,  proof 

ftnt. — Misindication,  error,  misproof. 

Ttstify,  depose,  declare,  swear,  attest,  witness,  prove,  cer 
tify. 

Ant. — Falsify,  misaffirm,  silence. 

testimony,  witness,  confirmation,  attestation,  proof,  evl 
dence 

Ant  — Refutation,  contradiction,  disproof,  argument. 
Testy.     See  IRRITABLE 
Thankful.     See  GRATEFUL. 
Thankless,  ungracious,  profitless,  ungrateful,  unthankful. 

Ant. — Thankful,  profitable,  reciprocative. 
Thaw.     See  MELT 
Theatrical,  dramatic,  showy,  ceremonious,  meretricious. 

Ant. — Simple,  quiet,  subdued,  plain,  unaffected. 
Theft.    See  ROBBERY 
Theory,  speculation,  scheme,  plea,  hypothesis,  conjecture. 

Ant — Fact   proof,  verity,  practice. 

Thick,  dense,  close,  compact,    solid,    coagulated,   muddy* 
turbid,  misty,  foggy,  vaporous. 

Ant. — Thin,   rare,   fine,  sparse,   strained,   pure,   limpid, 

slight,  clear,  distinct. 

Thin,  slim,  slender   slight,  flimsy,  lean,  attenuated,  scrag* 
gy,  emaciated,  diluted. 

Ant, — Thick,  dense,  solid,  close,  bulky,  deep,  confused. 


196         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Think,    cogitate,    consider,  reflect,     ponder,  contemplate; 
meditate,  muse,  conceive,  fancy,  imagine,  apprehend, 
hold,  esteem,   reckon,  consider,  deem,  believe,  opine. 
Ant. — Guess,  hazard,  conjecture,  dream,  trifle,  doubt. 
Thought,  idea,    conception,    imagination,    fancy,  conceit, 
notion,    supposition,    care,    provision,    consideration, 
opinion,  view,  sentiment,  reflection,  deliberation. 
Ant. — Vacuity,    dream,   hallucination,   aberration,   mis- 
conception. 

Thoughtful,  considerate,    careful,   cautious,  heedful,  dili- 
gent, contemplative,  reflective,  provident,  pensive. 
Ant, — Thoughtless,  inconsiderate,  rash,  precipitate,  heed- 
less. 
Thraldom,    slavery,     enslavement,     servitude,    bondage, 

vassalage,  captivity. 
Ant. — Liberty,  freedom,  independence. 
Threat,  menace,  intimidation. 

Ant. — Promise,  encouragement,  allurement. 
Threatening,  imminent,  impending,   menacing,  intimidat- 
ing, foreboding. 

Ant. — Encouraging,  promising,  reassuring,  enticing. 
Thrifty,    sparing,    careful,    prudent,    economical,   frugal 

saving,  provident. 

Ant. — Prodigal,  wasteful,  extravagant. 
Thrive,  flourish,  prosper,  increase,  succeed,  grow,  fatten. 

Ant. — Decay,  fade,  wither,  waste,  languish,  droop 
Throng.     See  CROWD. 
Throw,  propel,  cast,  hurl,  fling. 

Ant. — Retain,  revoke,  hold,  restrain,  draw,  haul. 
Thrust,  push,  drive,  force,  impel,  urge. 

Ant. — Draw,  retract,  snatch. 
Thwart.     See  FRUSTRATE. 
Tickle,  amuse,  titillate,  gratify. 

Ant. — Irritate,  hurt,  annoy,  vex. 
Tide,  current,  stream,  course,  influx. 

Ant. — Stagnation,  stoppage,  cessation,  subsidence, 
Tidings.     See  NEWS. 

Tidy,  orderly,  neat,  spruce,  clean,  cleanly. 
Ant. — Untidy,  dirty,  unclean,  slovenly. 
Tie,  bind,  restrain,  restrict,  oblige,  secure,  unite,  join. 

Ant. — Untie,  unbind,  sever,  separate,  release. 
Tight,  tense,  stretched,  not  slack,  snX  li 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  197 

Ant. — Loose,  slack,  open,  lax,  large. 

Time,   duration,   season,    period,    era,    age,   date,    span, 
spell 

Ant. — Eternity,  indetermination,  space, 
Timely  seasonable,  opportune,  early,  judicious. 

Ant. — Untimely,  late,  inopportune,  unseasonable. 
Timid,  timorous  fearful,  afraid,  pusillanimous,  cowardly, 
dastardly,  faint-hearted. 

Ant. — Bold,    daring,    courageous,    rash,    •venturesome 

audacious. 
Tinge,  flavor,  taste,  color,  dye. 

Ant. — Disinfect,  erase. 
Tint,  shade,  tinge,  hue,  color,  stain,  dye,  complexion. 

Ant. — Pallor,  bleaching,  achromatism 
Tiny,  small,  little,  diminutive,  wee,  lilliputian. 

Ant. — Huge,  large,  gigantic,  bulky. 
Tip.     See  END. 
Tipsy.     See  INTOXICATED. 
Tire,  exhaust,  fatigue,  bore,  weary,  jade,  harass,  dispirit* 

Ant. — Enliven,  refresh,  animate,  amuse,  excite. 
Title,  denomination,  designation,  name,  appellation,  style, 
dignity,  epithet,  right. 

Ant. — Indistinction,  nondescript,  indenomination. 
Tittle.     See  ATOM. 
Toil,  work,  task,  travail,  pain,  labor,  drudgery. 

Ant. — Ease,  relaxation,  rest,  amusement,  pleasure. 
Token.    See  SIGN. 
Tolerable,  passable,  ordinary,  middling. 

Ant. — Intolerable,   unbearable,  insupportable,  insuffera- 

ble. 
Tolerate,  allow,  admit,  receive,  suffer,  permit,  let,  endure, 

Ant. — Repel,  prohibit,  reject,  resist,  disallow. 
Tomb.    See  GRAVE. 
Tone,  style,  manner,  mode,  sound,  intonation,  pitch. 

Ant. — Laxity,  silence,  hush. 
Top,  summit,  apex,  head,  crown,  surface. 

Ant. — Foot,  bottom,  base. 
Topic.     See  SUBJECT. 

Torment,  torture,  tease,  worry,   persecute,   pain,   offend, 
tantalize,  plague. 

Ant. — Soothe,  gratify,  please,  delight,  amuse. 
Torpid,  benumbed,  numb,  dull,  stupid,  sluggish,  inert. 


198          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Lively,  animated,  gay,  nimble,  brisk,  active. 
Torrid,  burning,  hot,  parching,  scorching,  sultry. 

Ant. — Frigid,  arctic,  cold,  cool,  fresh,  temperate. 
Torture,  torment,  anguish,  agony. 

Ant. — Ecstacy,  rapture,  bliss,  delight. 
Toss.    See  PITCH. 
Total,  sum,  gross,  whole,  aggregate,  entire,  complete. 

Ant. — Part,  item,  portion. 
Totally,  entirely,  quite,  altogether,  fully,  wholly. 

Ant. — Partly,  partially,  incompletely. 
Totter,  falter,  reel,  rock,  tremble,  shake,  stcgger. 

Ant. — Steady,  stand,  stay. 
Touch.     See  MOVE. 
Touching,  tender,  affecting,  moving,  pathetic. 

Ant. — Amusing,  ridiculous,  indifferent. 
Touchy.     See  IRRITABLE. 
Tough,  strong,  hard,  firm,  leathery,  difficult. 

Ant. — Soft,  yielding,  tender,  fragile,  brittle. 
Tour.     See  EXCURSION. 
Trace,  derive,  deduce,  follow,  pursue,  track. 

Ant. — Miss,  lose,  stop,  retreat,  fail. 
Track.    See  ROAD. 
Tract.    See  DISTRICT. 
Tractable,  docile,  manageable,  amenable. 

Ant. — Refractory,  unmanageable,  unamenable. 
Trade,  traffic,  commerce,    dealing,    occupation,    employ* 
ment. 

Ant. — Profession,  idleness,  leisure,  relaxation. 
Traditional,  oral,  uncertain,  transmitted. 

Ant. — Written,  documentary 
Traduce.     See  CALUMNIATE. 
Traffic.    See  TRADE. 
Tragedy,  disaster,  calamity,  affliction,  catastrophe. 

Ant. — Joy,  delight,  boon,  prosperity,  comedy. 
Tragic,  fatal,  calamitous,  mournful,  sorrowful. 

Ant. — Comical,  joyous,  gay,  light. 
Train,  educate,  instruct,  dicipline,  drill,  inure. 

Ant. — Force,  break,  disqualify,  miseducate. 
Trait.    See  CHARACTERISTIC. 
Trammel,  fetter,  shackle,  clog,  bond,  chain,   impediment, 

hindrance. 
Ant. — Freedom,  liberation,  extrication. 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  199 

tranquil,  still,  unruffled,  peaceful,  quiet,  hushed. 

Ant. — Agitated,  disturbed,  anxious,  excited,  restless,  un- 
easy. 

Tranquilize.    See  SOOTHE. 
Transact,  perform,  conduct,  manage,  negotiate,  treat. 

Ant. — Mismanage,  misconduct,  fail. 
Transaction,  negotiation,  occurrence,  proceeding,  affair. 

Ant. — Non-performance,  mismanagement,  suspension. 
Transcend,  surmount,  overstep,    exceed,   surpass,   excel, 
eclipse. 

Ant.— Fail,  fall,  foil. 

Transcendent,  consummate,  surpassing,  unrivaled,  unex- 
ampled, matchless,  incomparable. 

Ant. — Ordinary,  attainable,  common,  average. 
Transfer,  make  over,  convey,  remove,  copy,  transmit. 

Ant. — Retain,  keep,  withhold,  fix,  appropriate,  receive. 
Transform,  change,  metamorphose,  transfigure,  transmute. 

Ant. — Perpetuate,  conserve,  arrest. 
Transgress,  pass,  exceed,  violate,  infringe,  offend,  trespass. 

Ant. — Observe,  keep,  obey,  fulfill,  respect. 
Transient,  fleeting,  passing,  transitory,  temporary,  short 
lived. 

Ant. — Permanent,  lasting,  abiding,  perpetual,  enduring. 
Transition,  change,  shifting,  variation,  transmutation. 

Ant. — Stability,  permanence,  perpetuity. 
Transmit,  remit,  dispatch,  convey,  send,  forward. 

Ant. — Retain,  keep,  withhold. 
Transparent,  clear,  limpid,  lucid,  obvious. 

Ant, — Opaque,  thick,  turbid,  mysterious,  questionable. 
Transport,  n.  bliss,  ecstacy,  rapture,  carriage,  conveyance. 

Ant. — Agony,  distress,  annoyance,  vexation. 
Transport,  v.  ravish,   delight,  enrapture,  bear,  carry,  con- 
vey,  remove,  banish. 

Ant. — Vex,  displease,  annoy,  stop,  hold,  retain 
Transpose,  change,  reverse,  shift. 

Ant. — Retain,  fix,  keep. 
Trap,  snare,  ambush,  stratagem,  pitfall. 

Ant. — Warning,  beacon,  light-house,  premonition. 
Trappings,   gear,   ornaments,   tackle,   harness,   parapher- 
nalia. 

Ant. — Nudity,  nakedness,  dismantlement. 
Trash,  nonsense,  twaddle,  trifles,  dross. 


aoo         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Sense,  wisdom,  usefulness,  goods,  property. 
Travel,  trip,  ramble,  excursion,  journey,  tour,  voyage. 

Ant. — Rest,  halt,  stop,  settlement. 
Traverse,  cross,  pass,  thwart,  obstruct. 

Ant. — Pass,  omit,  sanction,  overlook,  elude,  avoid. 
Treacherous,   traitorous,    disloyal,   treasonable,   faithless, 
false-hearted,  perfidious,  sly,  false. 

Ant. — True,  faithful,  open,  honest,  chivalric. 
Treason,  treachery,  disloyalty,  disaffection. 

Ant. — Openness,  fidelity,  honor,  chivalry. 
Treasure,  riches,  wealth,  stock,  store,  reserve. 

Ant. — Trash,  offal,  refuse,  dregs,  scum. 
Treat,  negotiate,  bargain,  entertain,  feast. 

Ant. — Drop,  abandon,  decline,  maltreat,  mismanage,  mis- 
arrange,  Irifle. 
Treaty,  convention,  negotiation,  agreement,  contract. 

Ant. — Neutrality,  non-interference. 
Tremble,  quake,  shake,  quiver,  shudder,  totter. 

Ant. — Steady,  settle,  still,  calm. 
Tremendous,  awful,  fearful,  frightful,  terrible. 

Ant. — Unimposing,  unappalling,  inconsiderable. 
Tremulous,  trembling,  jarring,  quivering,  vibrating,  shak- 
ing. 

Ant. — Motionless,  smooth,  equable. 
Trenchant,  cutting,  sharp,  severe,  sarcastic. 

Ant. — Weak,  impotent,  unavailing. 
Trend,  incline,  diverge,  bend,  tend,  stretch. 

Ant. — Continue,  proceed,  advance. 
Trepidation.     See  FEAR. 

Trial,    experiment,    test,    gauge,    proof,    ordeal,    essay, 
trouble,  temptation,  affliction,  cause,  action,  suit. 

Ant. — Hazard,  conjecture,  guess,  theory,  relief,  refresh- 
ment, oversight,  disregard. 
Tribulation,  affliction,  grief,  distress,  trouble,  misery,  woe. 

Ant. — Joy,  rejoicing,  gladness,  rest,  delight. 
Tribute,  tax,  impost,  subsidy,  duty,  charge,  custom,  offer- 
ing, contribution. 

Ant. — Gift,  wages,  reward,  remuneration. 
Trick,   fraud,  cheat,  artifice,   stratagem,  guile,  deception, 
imposition,  freak,  antic,  vagary,  hoax. 

Ant. — Exposure,  artlessness,  honesty,  fairness,  candor, 
openness. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  »o* 

Trifle,  n.  bauble,  toy,  gewgaw,  bagatelle. 

Ant. — Treasure,  portent,  phenomenon,  crisis,  importance 

urgency,  necessity. 
Trifle,  v.  toy,  play,  dally,  wanton. 

Ant. — Treat,  cope,  tackle,  grapple,  deal. 
Trifling,  slight,  silly,  trivial,  petty,  unimportant,  light. 

Ant. — Important,  grave,  serious: 
Trim,  compact,  snug,  neat,  nice,  tidy,  clean,  spruce. 

Ant. — Slovenly,  untidy,  loose,  negligent. 
Trip,   mistake,   error,    blunder,    excursion,   tour,    ramble, 

jaunt. 

Ant. — Stand,  speed,  prosper,  succeed. 
Trite,  stale,  old,  ordinary,  commonplace,  hackneyed. 

Ant. — Original,  novel,  startling. 

Triumph,  achievement,  ovation,  victory,  conquest,   jubila- 
tion. 

Ant. — Defeat,  failure,  discomfiture,  disappointment. 
Triumphant,  elated,  victorious,  exultant. 

Ant. — Unsuccessful,  beaten,  baffled,  worsted,  humiliated. 
Trivial.     See  TRIFLING. 
Troop,   assemblage,    multitude,   gang,   band,  horde,  com' 

pany. 

Ant. — Scarcity,  few,  individual,  bevy,  squad. 
Trouble,  v.  afflict,  distress,   agitate,  annoy,   tease,  harass, 

perplex,  disturb,  grieve,  oppress,  aggrieve. 
Ant. — Soothe,   calm,  allay,   please,   delight,   gratify,  re- 
fresh, entertain. 

Trouble,  n.  affliction,  distress,  grief,  tribulation,  adversity, 
calamity,  disaster,    misfortune,  anxiety,  sorrow,  mis- 
ery, plague,  torment. 
Ant. — Happiness,      pleasure,     delight,     joy,     gladness, 

amusement. 
Troublesome,  tiresome,  irksome,   sore,  grievous,  arduous. 

Ant. — Easy,  pleasant,  amusing,  light. 
Truant,  idling,  loitering,  vagabond,  shirking,  vagrant. 
Ant. — Diligent,  industrious,  domestic,  loyal,  faithful. 
Truckling.     See  SERVILE. 
True,  genuine,  actual,   sincere,  honest,  upright,  veritable, 

real,  veracious,  authentic,  exact,  accurate,  correct. 
Ant. — False,     untrue,     fictitious,     erroneous,     spurious, 

counterfeit,  faithless,  fickle. 
Trumpery,  trivial,  worthless,  tawdrv 


8oa        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Valuable,  costly,  good. 
Trunk,  stem,  stalk,  body,  proboscis,  chest,  box. 

Ant. — Head,  limbs,  bag,  satchel. 
Trust,  believe,  credit,  hope,  expect. 
Ant. — Distrust,  suspect,  discredit,  doubt,  disbelieve,  r*+ 

sume,  withdraw. 
Trusty.    See  TRUST. 
Truth.     See  TRUE. 
Try,  attempt,  endeavor,  sti  ".ve,    struggle,   test,   examine, 

prove. 

Ant. — Ignore,  reject,  abandon,  decline,  withdraw. 
Tug.     See  DRAW. 
Tumble.    See  FALL. 

Tumult,    ferment,  outbreak,   urawl,  fray,  turbulence,  up- 
roar, commotion,  hubbub,  disturbance,  riot. 
Ant. — Peace,  quiet,  order,  tranquility,  subsidence. 
Tumultuous,  turbulent,  riotous,  disorderly,  disturbed,  con- 
fused, unruly. 

Ant. — Peaceful,  orderly,  quiet,  tranquil. 
Tune.     See  TONE. 

Turbid,  foul,  thick,  muddy,  impure,  unsettled. 
Ant. — Clear,  crystal,  crystalline,  transparent. 
Turbulent.     See  TUMULTUOUS. 
Turmoil.    See  TUMULT. 

Turn,  v.  revolve,  circulate,  whirl,  twirl,  wheel,  incline,  in- 
flect, deviate. 

Ant. — Fix,  stand,  stop,  arrest,  continue,  proceed,   per- 
petuate. 

Turn,    n.   spiral,   maze,   labyrinth,  cast,   bent,    tendency, 
i         character,  tone,  manner,  round,  bout,  form. 

Ant. — Straightness,    stability,    fixity,    immobility,    uni- 
formity. 
Turpitude,  depravity,  vileness,  baseness,  wickedness,  sin. 

Ant. — Goodness,  nobility,  virtue,  excellence. 
Tutor.     See  TEACHER. 
Twine,  twist,  wind,  embrace,  entwine. 

Ant. — Untwine,   untwist,     unwind,    detach,    disengage, 

separate,  sever,  disunite. 
Twirl.    See  TURN. 
Twit.    See  MOCK. 

Type,  emblem,  symbol,  figure,  sign,  kind,  sort,  letter. 
Ant. — Caricature,  monstrosity,  deviation,  eccentrieky. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  203 

Tyrannical,  cruel,  severe,  absolute,  arbitrary,  despotic. 

Ant. — Humane,  kindly,  liberal,  generous,  just. 
Tyrant,  oppressor,  despot,  autocrat,  persecutor. 

Ant. — Philanthropist,  judge. 
Tyro,  novice,  beginner,  learner. 

Ant. — Adeot,  expert,  master,  professor. 

u 

Ugly,  unsightly,  ill-favored,  hideous,  plain,  homely. 

Ant. — Attractive,  fair,  beautiful,  handsome,  seemly. 
Ulterior,  further,  more  distant,  beyond,  succeeding. 

Ant, — Immediate,  present,  prior,  hither. 
Ultimate,  furthest,  last,  latest,  final,  eventual. 

Ant. — Proximate,  preliminary,  prior,  intermediate. 
Umbrage,  offence,  dissatisfaction,  displeasure,  resentment. 

Ant. — Complacency,  satisfaction,  gratification. 
Umpire,  referee,  arbitrator,  judge,  arbiter. 

Ant. — Litigant,  disputant. 
Unanimity,  accord,  agreement,  unity,  concord. 

Ant. — Variance,  discord,  dissent,  disagreement 
Unaffected.     See  GENUINE. 
Unalterable.     See  CHANGELESS. 
Unanswerable,  indisputable,  unquestionable,  undeniable. 

Ant. — Questionable,  doubtful,  disputable. 
Unbind,  loosen,  untie,  unfasten,  set  free. 

Ant. — Bind,  tie,  hold,  fasten. 

Unbounded,  boundless,  excessive,  infinite,  unsparing,  un- 
stinted, interminable. 

Ant. — Finite,  bounded,  restricted,  narrow. 
Unbridled,  wanton,  licentious,  dissolute,  loose,  lax. 

Ant. — Austere,  severe,  ascetic,  virtuous. 
Unceasing.    See  ETERNAL. 
Uncertain.    See  DOUBTFUL. 
Uncivil.     See  RUDE. 
Unclean.    See  DIRTY. 

Uncommon,  rare,  strange,  scarce,   singular,  unique,   un» 
usual. 

Ant. — Common,  ordinary,  average,  usual. 
Unconcerned.    See  INDIFFERENT. 
Uncouth,  strange,  odd,  clumsy,  ungainly. 


S04         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Polite,  neat,   trim,  courtly,  graceful,  polished,  re« 

fined,  well-bred. 
Uncover,  reveal,  strip,  expose,  lay  bare,  divest. 

Ant. — Cover,  clothe,  conceal,  suppress,  hide. 
Under,  below,   underneath,   beneath,    subordinate,  lower, 
inferior. 

Ant. — Over,  above,  superior. 
Undergo.     See  SUFFER. 
Understand,  know,  comprehend,  apprehend. 

Ant. — Misunderstand,  ignore,  declare,  state,  express. 
Understanding',  knowledge,  intellect,  intelligence,  faculty, 
comprehension,  mind,  reason,  brains. 

Ant. — Ignorance,  misunderstanding,  misapprehension. 
Undertake,  engage  in,  embark  in,  agree,  promise. 

Ant. — Abandon,  drop,  decline,  discontinue,  desist. 
Undisturbed,  quiet,  still,  tranquil,  placid,  peaceful. 

Ant. — Disturbed,  annoyed,  irritated,  troubled,  vexed. 
Uneasy,  restless,  disturbed,  unquiet,  stiff,  awkward. 

Ant. — Calm,  easy,  quiet,  peaceful,  unembarrassed. 
Unequal,  uneven,  not  alike,  irregular,  insufficient. 

Ant. — Equal,  alike,  similar. 
Unfair,  wrongful,  dishonest,  unjust. 

Ant. — Fair,  just,  equable,  rational,  honest. 
Unfit,  improper,  unsuitable,  untimely,  incompetent. 

Ant. — Fit,  able,  capable,   ready,  timely,  qualified,  com- 
petent. 

Unfold,  unravel,  disclose,   unbosom,  divulge,  display,  re- 
veal, declare,  develop,  explain. 

Ant. — Fold,  conceal,  suppress,  hide. 

Unfortunate,  calamitous,  ill-fated,  unlucky,  wretched,  un» 
happy,  miserable. 

Ant. — Fortunate,  happy,  lucky,  cheerful,  gay,  joyous. 
Unfriendly,  inhospitable,  ungenial,  unkind,  disobliging. 

Ant. — Friendly,  hospitable,  amicable,  kindly. 
Ungainly.     See  AWKWARD. 
Unhappiness,  misery,  wretchedness,  distress,  woe. 

Ant. — Happiness,  pleasure,  delight,  joy. 
Unhappy,   miserable,  wretched,  distressed,   afflicted,  pain* 
ful,  disastrous,  dreary,  dismal. 

Ant. — Happy,  joyous,  gay,  merry,  pleased,  delighted. 
Uniform,    regular,   symmetrical,    equal,   even,    alike,   un- 
varied. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  205 

Ant. — Variable,  varying,  diverse,  heterogeneous,  irregu- 
lar, bizarre,  eccentric. 
Uninterrupted.     See  INCESSANT. 
Union,     junction,     combination,     alliance,    confederacy, 

league,  coalition,  agreement,  concert. 
Ant. — Separation,  disunion,  divorce,   secession,  discord, 

disagreement,  division. 
Unique,  uneqalled,  uncommon,  rare,  choice,  matchless. 

.Ant. — Ordinary,  commonplace. 
Unison,  harmony,  concord,  agreement,  union. 

Ant. — Discord,  disunion,  variance. 

Unite,  join,  conjoin,  combine,  connect,  add,  attach,  incor- 
porate, embody,  clench,  merge. 

Ant. — Separate,  sever,  divide,  part,  sunder,  disintegrate. 
Unity,  oneness,  concord,  uniformity,  agreement. 
Ant. — Plurality,  multitude,  complexity,  discord  variety, 

diversity. 

Universal,  general,  all,  entire,  total,  catholic. 
Ant. — Special,  particular,  partial,   local,    exclusive,    ex- 
ceptional. 

Unlimited.     See  INFINITE. 

Unreasonable,  foolish,  silly,  absurd,  preposterous,  ridicu- 
lous. 

Ant. — Reasonable,  rational,  sensible. 
Unrivalled,  unequalled,  unique,  unexampled,  incompara- 

able,  matchless. 

Ant. — Equalled,  common,  ordinary,  average. 
Unroll.     See  UNFOLD. 
Unruly,  ungovernable,  unmanageable,  refractory. 

Ant. — Gentle,  governable,  manageable. 
Unseemly,  unbecoming,  indecorous,  unsuitable,  unfit,  un« 

befitting. 

Ant. — Decorous,  polite,  respectful,  obedient,  refined. 
Unsettle.     See  DISTURB. 
Unsteady,    wavering,   unstable,   variable,  fickle,  restless 

fitful. 

Ant. — Steady,  fixed,  firm,  stable. 
Untruth.     See  LIE. 
Unusual,  rare,  singular,  uncommon,  remarkable,  strange, 

extraordinary. 

Ant. — Usual,  common,  average,  ordinary. 
Upbraid.    See  BLAME. 


206         A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Uphold,  maintain,  defend,  sustain,  support,  vindicate. 
Ant. — Drop,    betray,   abandon,   oppose,   attack,  abjure, 

renounce. 
Upright,   vertical,    perpendicular,    erect,    just,    equitable, 

fair,  pure,  honorable. 

Ant. — Inclined,  horizontal,  inverted,  dishonest,  corrupt. 
Uproar,    tumult,    row,  riot,    disturbance,    brawl,    noise. 

clamor. 

Ant. — Peace,  quiet,  order,  silence. 
Uproot,  eradicate,  exterminate,  weed  out. 

Ant. — Sow,  implant,  cultivate,  nurture,  foster. 
Urbanity.    See  AFFABILITY. 
Urge,  incite,  impel,  push,  drive,  instigate,  stimulate,  press 

induce,  solicit. 
Ant. — Hold,   restrain,   retain,   prohibit,    retard,  hindei; 

obstruct. 
Urgent,  pressing,  important,    imperative,  immediate,  seri 

ous. 

Ant. — Unimportant,  trivial,  insignificant. 
Usage.     See  CUSTOM. 
Use,  «.  usage,  practice,  habit,   custom,  advantage,  utility, 

benefit,  application. 
Ant. — Disuse,  obscurity,  neglect. 
Use,  -v.  employ,  exercise,  occupy,  practice,  accustom,  inure 

Ant. — Discard,  suspend,  ignore,  avoid. 
Useful,  advantageous,  serviceable,  available,  helpful,  bene- 
ficial, good. 

Ant. — Useless,    fruitless,    ineffectual,     unavailable,   un- 
profitable. 

Useless,  unserviceable,  fruitless,  idle,  profitless,  vain,  in- 
effectual. 

Ant. — Useful,  advantageous,  helpful,  beneficial. 
Usual,  ordinary,  common,  accustomed,    habitual,  wonted, 

customary,  general. 

Ant. — Unusual,  common,  rare,  exceptional,  extraordina- 
ry, abnormal,  irregular. 
Usurp,  arrogate,  seize,  appropriate,  a  sume. 

Ant. — Receive,  inherit,  accept. 
Utility.     See  USE. 
Utter,  speak,  articulate,  pronounce,  express,  issue. 

Ant. — Reveal,  suppress,  repress,  hush,  stifle,  retain,  heaft 
Utterly,  totally,  completely,  wholly,  quite,  entirely. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS  207 

Ant. — Partly,  partially,  in  a  measure. 

V 

Vacant,  empty,  unfilled,  unoccupied,  thoughtless,  unthink- 
ing. 

Ant. — Full,  filled,  employed,  engaged,  occupied,  thought- 
ful. 
Vacation,  holiday,  recreation. 

Ant. — Term,  business. 
Vagrant,  wanderer,  beggar,  tramp,  vagabond,  rogue. 

Ant. — Workman,  gentleman,  laborer. 
Vague,  unsettled,  undetermined,  uncertain,  indefinite. 

Ant. — Definite,  specific,  limited,  determined,  strict. 
Vain,  useless,  fruitless,  empty,  worthless,  inflated,  proud, 

unreal,  unavailing. 
Ant. — Solid,  real,  substantial,  sound,  efficient,  effectual. 

potent,  modest. 
Valiant,  brave,  bold,  valorous,  courageous,  gallant. 

Ant. — Timid,  cowardly,  craven. 

Valid,  weighty,  strong,  powerful,  sound,  binding,  efficient. 
Ant. — Invalid,  weak,   powerless,   unsound,  false,  insuf- 
ficient. 

Valor.     See  COURAGE. 
Valuable,  precious,  costly,  dear,  expensive,  inestimable. 

Ant. — Valueless,  cheap,  poor,  worthless,  mean. 
Value,  appraise,  assess,  reckon,  appreciate,  estimate,  prize, 

esteem,  treasure. 

Ant, — Despise,  underrate,  undervalue,  disregard,  dislike. 
Vanish,  disappear,  melt,  fade,  dissolve. 

Ant. — Appear,  approach,  loom. 

Vanity,  emptiness,  conceit,  self-conceit,  affectedness. 
Ant. — Substance,  reality,  truth,  simplicity,  modesty,  hu- 
mility. 

Vanquish.    See  CONQUER. 
Vapid,  dull,  flat,  insipid,  stale,  tame. 

Ant. — Spirited,  animated,  pungent,  pithy. 
Vapor,  fume,  smoke,  mist,  fog,  steam. 

Ant, — Water,  substance,  fluid. 

Variable,     changeable,     unsteady,     inconstant,    shifting; 
wavering,  fickle,  restless,  fitful. 


*>8          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Ant. — Invariable,    firm,    constant,    true,    unchangeably 

staunch,  inimitable. 
Variance,  disagreement,  dissension,  jarring,  quarrel. 

Ant. — Unity,  reconciliation,  harmony,  peace,  consent. 
Variation,  change,  diversity,    deviation,   discrepancy,  dif. 
ference. 

Ant. — Continuance,    fixity,   law,    rule,   uniformity,  har- 
mony. 

Va  iety,  difference,  diversity,  change,  diversification,  mixt- 
ure, medley,  miscellany. 

Ant. — Uniformity,  species,  type,  specimen. 
Vary,  change,  alter,  modify,  diversify,    variegate,    differ, 
disagree. 

Ant. — Perpetuate,  strengthen,  conform,  harmonize. 
Vast.     See  ENORMOUS. 
Vaunt,  boast,  bray,  puff,  hawk,  advertise,  flourish,  parade. 

Ant. — Suppress,  conceal,  disparage,  decry,  detract. 
Vehement,  furious,  ardent,  fervid,  burning,  raging,  eager, 
impetuous,  forcible,  vigorous. 

Ant. — Mild,  feeble,  subdued,  cold,  passionless,  weak. 
Veil,  screen,  hide,  intercept,  mask,  conceal,  cover,  disguise. 

Ant. — Unveil,  expose,  strip,  denude,  exaggerate. 
Velocity,  swiftness,  quickness,  fleetness,  celerity,  speed» 
rapidity. 

Ant. — Slowness,  languor,  inactivity,  sluggishness. 
Vend.     See  SELL. 
Venerable,  grave,  sage,  wise,  old,  reverend. 

Ant. — Contemptible,  despicable,  young,  foolish. 
Venial,  pardonable,  excusable,  justifiable. 
•     Ant.— -Unpardonable,  mortal,  inexcusable. 
Venom.     See  POISON. 
Venture,  n.  speculation,  chance,  peril,  stakt. 

Ant. — Caution,  calculation,  law,  method. 
Venture,  v.  dare,  risk,  jeopardize. 

Ant. — Calculate,  reserve,  invest. 
Veracity,  truth,  truthfulness,  credibility,  accuracy. 

Ant. — Falsehood,  deceit,  imagination,  fiction. 
Verbal,  oral,  spoken,  literal,  unwritten. 

Ant. — Written,  documentary,  recorded. 
Verdict,  judgment,  finding,  dec     on,  answer 

Ant. — Indecision,  indetenninati  O. 
Verge.    See  BORDER. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  209 

Versatile,  unsteady,  changeable,  unfixed,  wavering,   vacil- 
lating, oscillating,  fluctuating,  inconstant,  fickle,  rest- 
less, manifold. 
Ant. — Immovable,    fixed,    one-sided,   uniform,    narrow, 

limited,  stolid,  immobile. 
Versed,  skilled,  practiced,  conversant,  clever,  proficient. 

Ant. — Awkward,  unskilled,  ignorant,  strange,  unfamiliar. 
Vex.     See  IRRITATE. 
Vibrate,  oscillate,  swing,  sway,  wave,  undulate,  thrill. 

Ant. — Stand,  remain,  proceed,  advance. 
Vice,  corruption,  depravity,  pollution,  immorality,  wicked. 

ness,  guilt,  iniquity,  crime,  fault,  defect,  blemish. 
Ant. — Virtue,  purity,  perfection,  goodness. 
Vicious,  corrupt,   depraved,  debased,    bad,   contrary,  un- 
ruly, demoralized,  profligate,  faulty. 
Ant. — Pure,  sound,  perfect,  virtuous. 
Victim,  sacrifice,  food,  prey,  sufferer,  dupe,  gull. 

Ant. — Sacrificer,  seducer,  attacker,  fraud,  cheat. 
View,  n.  thought,  notion,  sentiment,  opinion,  perspective, 
landscape,  purpose,  intention,  design,  light,  aspect,  end. 
Ant. — Darkness,    blindness,   deception,   error,  delusion, 

misconception. 
View,  v.  look,  see,  behold,  eye,  observe,  scan,  regard. 

Ant. — Ignore,  overlook,  disregard,  miss,  misjudge. 
Vigilant,  watchful,  wakeful,  observant,  cautious,  careful. 

Ant. — Careless,  inattentive,  indifferent. 
Vigorous,   healthy,  strong,  powerful,  energetic,   stalwart, 

robust,  hardy,  firm,  spirited,  determined. 
Ant — Weak,  feeble,  powerless,  debilitated,   inactive,  in- 
dolent, irresolute. 
Vile,  ignoble,  base,  low,  worthless,  abject,  sordid,  mean,. 

dishonorable,  sinful,  wicked,  vicious. 
Ant. — Good,    noble,    exalted,    pure,   honorable,    costly, 

rare,  precious. 
Vilify,  debase,  degrade,  slander,  decry,  defame,  scandalize, 

upbraid,  brand,  stigmatize,  denounce. 
Ant. — Purify,  refine,  exalt,  raise,  improve,  praise,  laud. 
Villainous.     See  VILE. 
Vindicate,  justify,  assert,  uphold,  support,  defend. 

Ant. — Fail,  abandon,  surrender,  forego,  nullify,  destroy, 

subvert,  vitiate,  condemn. 
Vindictive,  spiteful,  resentful,  revengeful,  unforgiving. 


3io         A  DICTIONAR  Y  OF  S  YNON  YMO  US 

Ant. — Forgiving,  generous,  merciful,  forbearing. 
Violate,  infringe,  transgress,  disobey,  injure,  hurt,  ravish. 
Ant, — Respect,  foster,  cherish,  protect,  regard,  preserve, 

obey. 

Violence,    passion,    rage,    fury,    vehemence,   outrage,    in- 
justice. 
Ant. — Mildness,   self-restraint,   gentleness,  forbearance, 

self-control,  obedience,  protection. 
Violent,  forcible,  raving,  raging,  passionate,  furious,  rapid, 

dashing,  sweeping,  rolling. 
Ant. — Mild,  feeble,  calm,  soft. 
Virtuous,  just,  upright,  moral,  chaste,  pure. 

Ant. — Vicious,  bad,  corrupt,  debased,  impure,  immoral. 
Visible.    See  APPARENT. 

Vital,  living,  necessary,  essential,  indispensable. 
Ant. — Mortal,  lifeless,  unnecessary,  unimportant,  immsu 

terial. 

Vivacious,  lively,  brisk,  gay,  merry,  racy,  sprightly. 
Ant. — Dead,  lifeless,  dull,  stolid,   moody,  heavy,  sullen, 

torpid,  sluggish. 

Vivid,  lively,  clear,  lucid,  bright,  sunny,  glowing,  graphic. 
Ant. — Dull,     opaque,    obscure,     sombre,    dim,    dusky, 

cloudy,  pale,  wan. 

Vocation,    profession,    calling,   trade,  business,   employ- 
ment, office,  mission. 
Ant. — Leisure,  incapacity. 
Vogue,  usage,  way,  custom,  fashion,  use,  practice. 

Ant. — Disuse,  disrepute,  abolition. 

Void,  null,  invalid,  unfilled,  empty,  hollow,  useless,  nuga- 
tory, 

Ant. — Occupied,  full,  solid,  valid,  efficacious,  sound. 
Volume,  book,  scroll,  bulk,  size,  capacity. 

Ant. — Pamphlet,  sheet,  minuteness,  smallness. 
Voluntary,  free,  spontaneous,  uncom  trained,  deliberate. 

Ant. — Compulsory,  involuntary,  coercive. 
Vouch.    See  CERTIFY. 
Vulgar,  common,  general,  popular,  ordinary,  rude,  coarse, 

low. 
Ant. — Scientific,  philosophic,  restricted,  technical* 

choice,  refined,  polite,  well-bred. 
Vulnerable,  assailable,  weak,  exposed,  tender. 
Ant, — Invulnerable,  impregnable,  unassailable. 


AND  ANTITHETIC   WORDS.  2U 

w 

Waft,  transport,  bear,  convey. 
Ant. — Push,  pull,  arag,  draw. 
Wage,  make,  carry  on,  engage  in,  undertake. 

Ant. — Desist,  stop,  abandon. 
Wages,  salary,  hire,   allowance,   stipend,   pay,  remunera* 

tion,  earnings. 

Ant. — Gratuity,  gift,  premium,  grace,  bonus. 
Wait,  await,  abide,  bide,  stay,  remain,  tarry. 

Ant. — Speed,  hasten,  press. 
Waive,  forego,  relinquish,  let  go. 

Ant. — Press,  urge,  claim,  arrest,  enforce. 
Wake,  waken,  awaken,  arouse,  stir  up,  excite,  kindle,  pro- 
voke. 

Ant. — Soothe,  allay,  hush,  quiet,  tranquilize. 
•dVander,  stroll,  ramble,  gad,  rove,  roam,  range,  stray,  err, 

deviate,  swerve. 
Ant. — Rest,  stop,  halt,  lie,   anchor,  alight,   moor,  pause, 

repose. 

War«denng,  vagrant,  roving,  strolling,  discursive. 
Ant. — Stationary,  fixf^,  immovable,  permanent. 
Want,  v.  need,  lack     squire,  desire,  wish,  crave  for. 
Ant. — Supply,  ofi/v,  demand,  give,  afford,  furnish. 
Want,  n.   poverty,   penury,  indigence,  destitution,  priva* 

tion,  necessity,  need,  lack,  scarcity. 
Ant. — Supply,  sufficiency,  provision,  abundance,  produe. 

tion,  adequacy. 
Wanton,  licentious,  libertine,  unrestrained,  unbridled,  un. 

curbed,  dissolute,  loose,  lax. 

Ant. — Staid,  sober,  demure,   austere,  formal,  deliberate. 
Ward,  avert,  parry,  fend,  repel,  turn  aside,  guard,  defend. 

Ant. — Attack,  betray,  surrender. 
Warm,   fervid,    affectionate,    attached,    devoted,    ardent, 

fervent,  glowing. 

Ant. — Frigid,  cold,  tepid,  starved,  indifferent,  passionless, 
Warmth,   ardor,  fervency,  fervor,  cordiality,  vehemence, 

heat,  fervidness,  glow. 
Ant. — Frigidity,   frost,  coldness    calmness,  indifference 

apathy,  slowness. 
Warning.    See  ADMONITION. 


212          A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Warrant,  guarantee,  insure,  assure,  secure,  justify. 

Ant. — Imperil,  endanger,  nullify,  invalidate,  repudiate. 
Wary,   careful,   cautious,  circumspect,  guarded,  watchful, 

heedful,  prudent,  vigilant. 

Ant. — Unwary,  unsuspecting,  heedless,  unguarded. 
Wash,  clean,  rinse,  wet,  moisten,  tint. 

Ant. — Soil,  foul,  contaminate,  dirty,  stain. 
Waste,    -v,    squander,    dissipate,   lavish,    destroy,    decay, 

dwindle,  wither. 

Ant. — Restore,  repair,  preserve,  protect,  husband,  econo- 
mize, hoard,  accumulate,  multiply,  develop. 
Waste,  a.  desolate,   stripped,  bare,  dreary,  unproductive, 

wild,  uncultivated. 

Ant. — Fertile,  productive,  cultivated. 

Watchful,  alert,  vigilant,  attentive,  cautious,  heedful,  ob- 
servant, circumspect,  wakeful. 
Ant. — Heedless,   careless,  drowsy,   incautious,    unwary, 

distracted. 

Waver,  v.  hesitate,  scruple,  fluctuate,  vacillate. 
Ant. — Determine,  decide,  settle,  rest,  repose. 
Wavering,  unsteady,  unsettled,  fluctuating,  changeable,  in* 

constant,  variable. 

Ant. — Steady,  constant,  fixed,  immovable,  changeless. 
Way,  method,  plan,  system,  means,  manner,  mode,  form, 
fashion,  course,  process,  road,  route,  track,  path,  habit, 
practice. 

Ant. — Chance,  hazard,  conjecture,  luck. 
Wayward,  forward,  obstinate,  stubborn,  unruly,  perverse. 

Ant. — Docile,  manageable,  amenable. 

Weak,  feeble,    infirm,    enfeebled,   debilitated,    powerless, 
helpless,   emaciated,   prostrate,  thin,    watery,   diluted, 
flimsy,  slight,  poor,  silly,  defenceless. 
Ant. — Strong,     vigorous,    robust,    muscular,    powerful, 
tough,   stout,   sturdy,  hard,  potent,  efficient,  spirited, 
animated,  sound,  judicious,  determined,  forcible. 
Weaken,  enfeeble,  debilitate,  unnerve,  paralyze,  emaciate, 

attenuate,  dilute. 

Ant. — Strengthen,  empower,  invigorate,  confirm. 
Weakness,  feebleness,  infirmity,  frailty,  silliness,   imbe- 
cility, prostration,  defect,  failing,  foible. 
Ant. — Strength,    power,   nerve,   spirit,  vigor,    activity, 
efficiency. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  213 

Wealth,   riches,   opulence,    affluence,    plenty,    mammon. 

abundance. 

Ant. — Poverty,  indigence,  scarcity,  impecuniosity. 
Wear,  bear,  carry,  last,  consume. 

Ant, — Doff,  abandon,  renew,  renovate,  augment. 
Weary,  tired,  fatigued,  exhausted,  worn,  faint. 

Ant. — Fresh,  vigorous,  renovated,  hearty. 
Wedding,  marriage,  nuptials,  espousal. 

Ant. — Divorce,  celibacy,  singleness. 
Weep.     See  GRIEVE. 
"Weight,    heaviness,    pressure,   oppression,   burden,  load, 

value. 

Ant. — Lightness,  weakness,   levity,  triviality,  worthless- 
ness. 
Welcome,  acceptable,  agreeable,  pleasing,  grateful,  pleas, 

ureable,  gratifying,  pleasant. 
Ant. — Unwelcome,   ungrateful,    distasteful,    unpleasant, 

disagreeable. 

Welfare,  good  fortune,  prosperity,  happiness,  success. 
Ant. — Adversity,  reverse,   failure,  ill-luck,   unhappiness, 

harm,  hurt. 

Wheedle.     See  COAX. 
Whet,  sharpen,  incite,  excite,  provoke,  stimulate. 

Ant. — Blunt,  pall,  deaden,  satiate,  nauseate. 
Whimscal,  odd,   singular,    capricious,    fanciful,   fantastic, 

fantastical. 

Ant. — Staid,  serious,  sober,  sedate,  orderly. 
Whirl.     See  TURN. 
White,   snowy,    pure,    spotless,   unspotted,   unblemished, 

stainless,  clean. 

Ant. — Black,  impure,  stained,  dirty,  foul. 
Whole,    sound,    health'y,    well,    total,   all,   entire,  perfect, 

complete,  integral,  aggregate,  undivided. 
Ant. — Sick,   unsound,    impaired,   partial,   imperfect,  in- 
complete. 

Wholesome,  nutritious,  healthy,  salubrious,  healing,  salu- 
tary. 

Ant. — Unwholesome,  unhealthy,  deleterious,  detrimental. 
Wholly,    entirely,    totally,    altogether,    quite,   /^rf-rtly, 

completely,  utterly. 
Ant, — Partially,  in  part,  mostly. 


2t4        A  DICTIONARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Wicked,  bad,  ill,  unjust,  irreligious,  ungodly,  godless, 
profane,  impious,  unhallowed,  black,  dark,  foul,  atro- 
cious, villainous,  enormous,  monstrous,  outrageous, 
profligate,  abandoned. 

Ant. — Good,  virtuous,  just,  moral,  upright,  honest,  pure, 
stainless,  sinless,  incorrupt,  spotless,  honorable,  es- 
teemed, immaculate. 

Wickedness,  evil,  sin,  crime,  criminality,  guilt,  iniquity, 
offence,  vileness,  turpitude,  corruption,  vice,  pollu- 
tion. 

Ant. — Goodness,  virtue,  order,  law,  honor,  purity. 
Wide,  broad,  ample,  large,  expanded,  diffuse,  extensive. 

Ant. — Narrow,  contracted,  limited. 

Wild,  savage,  uncivilized,  loose,  irregular,  disorderly,  un- 
tamed, undomesticated,  unruly. 

Ant. — Tame,  civilized,  cultivated,  inhabited,  regular, 
peaceful,  domesticated,  docile,  gentle,  mild,  regulated, 
sane,  coherent,  sensible,  calm. 

Wilful,  perverse,  stubborn,  self-willed,  headstrong,  obsti- 
nate. 

Ant. — Thoughtful,   considerate,   amenable,  docile,  man- 
ageable, accidental,  unintentional. 
Willingly,  voluntarily,  spontaneously,  gratuitously. 

Ant. — Unwillingly,  involuntarily. 
Win,  get,  obtain,  gain,  procure,  effect,  accomplish,  achieve. 

Ant. — Lose,  fail,  miss,  forfeit,  alienate. 
Wind,  coil,  twine,  wreath,  turn,  bend,  curve,  twist. 

Ant, — Unwind,  untwist,  uncoil,  straighten. 
Wing.    See  FLY. 
Winning,   attractive,  charming,   captivating,    fascinating, 

bewitching,  enchanting,  dazzling,  brilliant. 
Ant. — Repulsive,  unattractive,  displeasing. 
Wisdom,  sense,  knowledge,  learning,  prudence,  judgment, 

intelligence,  sagacity,  information. 
Ant. — Ignorance,  impudence,  folly. 

Wise,  intelligent,  learned,  skilled,  judicious,  rational,  dis- 
creet, prudent. 

Ant. — Ignorant,  foolish,  stupid,  imprudent,  indiscreet. 
Wish.     See  DESIRE. 

Wit,  mind,  intellect,  understanding,  genius,  imagination, 
humor,  satire,  irony .  mirth. 


AND  ANTITHETIC  WORDS.  215 

/.Int. — Dullness,  vapidity,   stupidity,   platitude,  common- 

place. 
Withdraw,  retreat,  retire,  go  back,  recede,  recall,  regress, 

retrograde,  take  back. 
Ant. — Offer,  proffer,  produce,  afford,  confirm,  reiterate, 

repeat. 

Wtthhold,  keep    back,    restrain,    arrest,   hinder,  abstain, 
refrain,  keep  from,  desist  from,  refuse,  retain,  reserve. 
Ant. — Grant,  furnish,   afford,    provide,    allow,  give,  per- 
mit, encourage,  incite,  aid,  help,  abet. 
Withstand,  oppose,  resist,  thwart,  confront. 

Ant. — Yield,  submit,  surrender,  support,  encourage,  aid. 
Witness,  attest,    testify,    evidence,  prove,    certify,  vouch, 

see,  behold,  view,  observe. 
Ant. — Refute,  invalidate. 

Wizard,  juggler,    magician,    conjurer,    necromancer,    sor- 
cerer. 

Ant. — Dupe,  dolt,  ignoramus. 
Woe,  distress,  sorrow,  affliction,  disaster,  trouble. 

Ant. — Joy,    gladness,    comfort,    happiness,    prosperity, 

blessing. 
Wonder,  amazement,  surprise,  astonishment,   admiration, 

miracle,  marvel,  prodigy,  curiosity. 

Ant. — Indifference,  apathy,  expectation,  familiarity,  trivi- 
ality, anticipation. 
Wonderful,  marvellous,   wondrous,  amazing,  astonishing, 

striking,  surprising,  admirable. 

Ant. — Common,  regular,   normal,   usual,  customary,  ex- 
pected, anticipated,  calculated,  natural. 
Wondrous.     See  WONDERFUL. 

Word,  term,  expression,  accent,  promise,  engagement,  ac- 
count, tidings,  message,  order,  command. 
Ant. — Idea,    conception,    assurance,    pledge,    contract, 

agreement. 
Work,  n.  employment,  business,  occupation,  performance, 

production,  toil,  task,  labor. 
Ant. — Rest,  non-performance,  leisure,  holiday. 
Work,  -v.  labor,  toil,  drudge,  strive,  exert,  ply. 

Ant. — Rest,  sleep,  play,  refresh,  amuse,  enjoy. 
Workman,    artisan,   mechanic,   craftsman,   artificer,  jour- 
neyman, operative. 
Ant, — Idler,  tramp,  vagrant,  vagabond. 


3i6         A  DfCTTOlVARY  OF  SYNONYMOUS 

Worldly,  terrestrial,   mundane,  temporal,  secular    carnal/ 

earthly. 

Ant. — Unworldly,  spiritual,  religious,  moral. 
"Worry,  plague,  tease,  torment,  vex,  annoy,  irritate,  fret. 

Ant. — Soothe,  calm,  gratify,  please,  amuse,  quiet. 
Worship,  adore,  revere,  venerate,  reverence,  deify,  idolize, 

honor,  respect. 

Ant. — Despise,  blaspheme,  rail,  jeer,  loathe,  abominate. 
Worth,  price,  value,  desert,  merit,  virtue,  excellence. 

Ant. — Worthlessness,  demerit,  cheapness. 
Worthless,    useless,   valueless,    frivolous,    corrupt,  disso- 
lute. 
Ant. — Valuable,    worthy,   rich,   rare,    costly,    estimable, 

excellent,  noble,  precious,  admirable,  virtuous. 
Worthy,  excellent,  deserving,  eligible,  preferable,  merito- 
rious,   estimable,      commendable,     laudable,     praise- 
worthy. 

Ant. — Worthless,  useless,  valueless. 
Wrap,  muffle,  envelop,  fold,  encase. 

Ant. — Unwind,  unfold,  unwrap,  develop,  ^xpose,  show. 
Wrath.     See  ANGER. 
Wrathful,  angry,  ireful,  enraged,  infuriated,    exasperated, 

Ant. — Calm,  pleased,  quiet. 
Wreck,  debris,  ruins,  havoc,  rubbish. 

Ant. — Perfection,  substance,  completeness. 
Wretched,  deplorable,  miserable,  unhappy,  distressed,  af- 
flicted, unfortunate,    afflicting,   disastrous,  calamitous, 
dreary,  dismal. 
Ant. — Prosperous,    happy,    admirable,     noble,    worth,; 

elated. 
Wretchedness,  misery,  woe  distress,  misfortune,  calamity, 

disaster,  affliction,  unhappiness. 
Ant. — Happiness,  prosperity,  pleasure,  joy. 
Writer,  scribe,  penman,  author,  scribbler,  amanuensis. 

Ant. — Speaker,  orator,  reader. 
Writhe,  distort,  contort,  twist,  wrest,  wrench,  wring. 

Ant. — Quiet,  soothe,  calm,  rest. 

Wrong,   bad,   evil,   incorrect,   erroneous,    unsuitable,  im- 
proper, unjust. 
Ant. — Right,  fit,  proper,  suitable,  correct,  accurate,  just, 

fair,  moral,  beneficial. 
Wry,  twisted,  distorted,  awry,  crooked. 


AND  ANTITHETIC    WORDS.  «7 

Ant. — Straight,  right,  fit,  just,  proper,  comely. 


Yearn,  hanker  after,  long  for,  desire,  crave. 

Ant. — Despise,  loathe,  recoil,  dislike. 
Yearly,  annually,  year  by  year,  per  annum. 

Ant. — Momentarily,  eternally,  weekly,  daily,  monthly. 
Yield,  bear,  give,  afford,  impart,   bestow,  abdicate,  resign, 
cede,  surrender,  relinquish,  relax,  quiet,  forego,  let  go, 
waive,  comply,  accede,  acquiesce,  succumb,  submit. 
Ant. — Withdraw,   withhold,  retain,  deny,   refuse,  assert, 
claim,  disallow,  resist,  dissent,  protest,  struggle,  strive. 
Yielding,  supple,  pliant,  bending,  compliant,  submissive, 

unresisting. 

Ant. — Unyielding,  stubborn,  dogged,  persevering. 
Yoke,  couple,  link,  connect. 

Ant. — Unyoke,  unhitch,  sever,   disconnect,  separate,  lib- 
erate, release,  divorce. 
Youth,  boy,  lad,  minority,  adolescence. 

Ant. — Man,  maid,  woman,  age,  maturity. 
Youthful,  young,  juvenile,  boyish,  girlish,  puerile. 
Ant, — Old,  aged,  senile,  mature. 


Zeal,  fervor,  ardor,  earnestness,  enthusiasm,  energy,  eager- 
ness. 

Ant. — Apathy,  indifference,  torpor,  coldness. 
Zealot,  bigot,  partisan,  fanatic. 

Ant. — Renegade,  traitor,  deserter. 
Zest,  relish,  gusto,  flavor,  recommendation. 

Ant, — Distaste,  disrelish,  detriment,  indifference,  apathy 


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